Le ndawo enabantu nekrepostnym - yokuhlala ezimhlophe

Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni na zokuhlala abamnyama nabamhlophe, musa ukuba ahluke njani omnye komnye, kufuneka kuqala siqonde intsingiselo kwekota, imvelaphi yayo naxa Russia kwavela ngokuseka.

Yintoni na le ndawo

Imvelaphi elithi 'zokuhlala' livela utshintsho elithi "inkululeko", nto leyo echaza intsingiselo kovavanyo sesibizo. Njengoko inxulumene zokuhlala, kulula ukucinga ukuba ezi zidalwa indawo into ekhululwe, mhlawumbi, yi iirhafu kunye nemisebenzi. Nokuba kwi X-XI kwiinkulungwane kuqala okhankanywe kule kota. Kwi-XVI XII baya kuphuhliso yayo inkqubela, ifikelele incopho yawo kunye Romanovs. Ukubonelelwa izibonelelo ezithile ngawo onke amaxesha wakhonza inkuthazo mhlawumbi ukuphuhlisa umhlaba omtsha, nokuba uphuhliso nayiphi lokuloba. IziBonelelo zaye kwatshintsha, uninzi kubahlali zokuhlala okanye amaqela zokuhlala babengenanxaxheba iirhafu kunye neentlobo-ntlobo emkhosini.

umahluko omkhulu

zokuhlala White wayehlukile omnyama, ogama abemi ezingezozakhe nabani na, yaye irhafu kuhlawulwa ngokwabo. Inkoliso yezi babengabarhwebeli okanye seengcibi. Yaye indawo ababehlala kwimimandla yasezidolophini zisafuna ukuphuculwa mveliso kunye nezorhwebo. zokuhlala White yaba lilizwe eyeyomnye icawa, okanye umnini-mhlaba - senkosi abaqhelekileyo, ukuhlawula irhafu kurhulumente. rhoqo, ke ngoko, ukuba ukuhlola amazwe amatsha - ukupheliswa iirhafu kunye nemisebenzi kuye kusikhuthaza bahlali. Xa ngokuseka kwakukho oorhulumente - indibano ipoma, wonyulwa usodolophu. zokuhlala White yaba indawo yabantu zenkonzo zokuhlala - i gunners, Cossacks (ebizwa ngokuba Belomestny) wamajoni olimekayo, dragoons, njalo-njalo. Umzekelo, i-Musketeers District Zamoskvorechye ebizwa ngenxa yenani elikhulu imikhosi bakwezolimo apho.

Beloslobodskoy boom

Le yokuhlala emhlophe lokudubula lifikelelwe kwiminyaka yokuqala emva kokuba Bexesha Iingxaki. Abantu babalekile ngokugqithiseleyo iirhafu karhulumente (kuba abantu bedolophu eRashiya XV-XVIII c. Kwakukho iqela imisebenzi emali kunye zendalo) phantsi kolawulo izinduna. Ngaloo ndlela, irhafu nezinye "neobelennyh" Abantu bale dolophu ezaziphantsi ubalo kwakhona okwanda, apho unobangela ukunganeliseki kwabo noqhankqalazo, edume apho i "Ityiwa", apho bafika ngexesha lokulawula kuka Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Cause kwaqhambuka enkulu uphakamo Urban nokunyuka kwerhafu ngaphambili, ingakumbi kwimpahla efunekayo ukutyiwa. Ngoko ke, ixabiso ityuwa linyuke ukusuka eesenti ezintlanu ukuya hryvnia ezimbini pud.

"Hayi, OPRICH bazimele ..."

Abantu babaleka iirhafu kurhulumente, yaye ngokuzithandela "zakladnichestvo" phantsi kolawulo izinduna bhe. Kwingeniso kwehla kakhulu, yaye ngo-1619 ibizwe Zemsky Sobor, ngalo mbandela. Kwagqitywa ukuba zizibuyisele zonke, nonile zokuhlala abamhlophe abantu esifubeni rhafu karhulumente. Ukuze ukuzalisekisa esi sigqibo Detective esingathandwayo wadala ukuze, njengoko apho ngasemva okungafunwayo bale dolophu eyadala kulandelwa wathunyelwa eSiberia. Ngaloo ndlela kwaqalisa Ukungabikho zokuhlala ezimhlophe. Yaye yamkelwa ngo 1649. indawo yeBhunga uchithwe kubo ngokupheleleyo. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVIII, emva kokuba isenzo sokuqala baqalisa umnyango-kwandule ke irhafu yentloko, neendawo ezidolophini zifumene yamatyala, iindawo zokuhlala iye wapheliswa ngokupheleleyo.

imemori zembali

Kodwa apha ukukhankanywa apho kuzo ezisagcinwe egameni elalini okanye yesithili kwidolophana enkulu, leyo ukunika abanini elinomtsalane endala-ihlabathi. Umzekelo okuphawuleka Sloboda White. ummandla Kursk, apho kwindawo Belovo liziko yezolawulo Ayikho enye, ninendyebo amagama, owayevele mandulo. Sloboda White yena waneka phezu lomlanjana Ilek, nto leyo ke isebe Psel. Kufutshane le lali Girya kunye nomgca kaloliwe ekufuphi ubizwa ngokuba "Lgov ndibe." Igama leziko yolawulo onembali White Sloboda. Apha, ngo-1664 kuhlala Cossacks, okanye, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, i "abantu abamhlophe", ukhululekile imisebenzi irhafu. Ngokubanzi, eRashiya ulizwi yande kakhulu - Sloboda okanye Slobodka ekuthiwa zokuhlala, abemi bawo ukuba ngamakhoboka. Libizwa ngokuba urhwebo okanye yezandla iidolophu. Ngoko ke, xa kwimbali yelizwe amagama amaninzi kangaka, eziquka kwikota - German, Yamskaya, Ukurhweba, Musketeers District, njalo-njalo.