NguJoachim von Ribbentrop: engobomi, imihla kunye neziganeko zobomi ezingundoqo

NguJoachim von Ribbentrop - enye amanani ezingundoqo owenza imbali ngexesha Second World War. Le ndoda yaziwa kakhulu njengoko umfundisi waseJamani angaphandle kunye omnye esondele Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler ngexesha ziziphumo uMlawuli ngamandla. Eli nqaku igxininisa iziganeko eziphambili ubomi Reich, kwasekuzalweni kwakhe Aprili 30, 1893, kunye nesiphelo isigwebo sokufa ngexesha iimvavanyo Nuremberg ngo-Oktobha 1946. Ukuze ube ingcamango ecacileyo malunga ngubani Ribbentrop, nokuba nisinga umkhondo nokuhlalutya ezona zinto zibalulekileyo, kwaye maxa wambi sibi yobomi bakhe.

ebuntwaneni

Von Ribbentrop, ogama engobomi ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi, wazalelwa ngendlela elincinane German idolophu-inqaba Wesel. Abazali bakhe ingqalelo abantu abafundileyo, lukhuselwe, ukuze baqhayise lokuzalwa amanene.

Umama, ngelishwa, wafa ngo-1902 ngenxa yokugula, ngoko weza oonyana ababini ukuya kwi angqongqo kunye ingqeqesho kayihlo Richard Ulrich Friedrich nguJoachim Ribbentrop, iNkulumbuso uLieutenant zokudubula webutho. I nguJoachim mfana olukhulu ngaloo minyaka zemfundo walungiselelwa. Ngenxa yokuba uyise wathumela inkonzo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo eJamani, kunye noonyana bakhe ebuntwaneni eziphantsi kwaye IsiNgesi, kwaye French, kwaye saphucula nabo kwikholeji. Ukusuka unina Ribbentrop Jr. wadlulisela uthando umculo: ekudlaleni ivayolin iye yaba yinxalenye yobomi bakhe.

Adolescence kunye amanyathelo umsebenzi wokuqala

Njengokuba elivisayo ke ngenxa yabazali elilungileyo Me ubomi iminyaka eliqela eSwitzerland, eNgilani, eMelika (New York), eKhanada. Le nguJoachim zakutshanje niqinile, njengoko badalwa imimiselo efanelekileyo ukwakha umsebenzi. Ezili e Montreal, kwafuneka ukuzama isandla sakhe zebhanki, kunye nendawo esisebenza sithuthi. Noko ke, wafudukela Ottawa kwi uphakamiso- Ribbentrop wayefuna ukuqala ishishini labo, ukuba imali ngobulumko kwikomkhulu ishishini njengelifa.

Imisebenzi ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi

Ngowe-1914, angafuni ukuhlala kude inyathelo yomkhosi, Ribbentrop wemka Canada wathumela ukuba bakhonze kula mabutho webutho ngayo ngaphambili. Ukulwa kwi Mpuma kunye Western Front. Ngowe-1918, sele Lieutenant, yena yayidume merit zomkhosi nabenzakeleyo Iron Cross. Ngenxa yezizathu zempilo watshintshelwa eTurkey njengoko mkhosi eligunyazisiweyo-Ofisi yoMphathiswa of War, apho Ribbentrop ingxelo ukulungela eli lizwe. Xa ekugqibeleni baphulukana imfazwe eJamani, yena ngabom ibhatyi, ukuziva uyaxakwa Kulwa iSivumelwano Versailles. Kuyenzeka ukuba baqaphele, nangona kunjalo, ukuba iminyaka yenkonzo azikhange kwamafutha von Ribbentrop: oko ngaphambili, wavuka intlanganiso ebalulekileyo kunye namanani zopolitiko abadumileyo ezifana uFranz von Papen kunye noPawulos von Hindenburg.

Ukusuka ishishini - kupolitiko

In post-imfazwe eYurophu, ingakumbi i Weimar Republic, iviswa nokutshatyalaliswa kwezoqoqosho, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba kunye zikarhulumente wena ekhuselekileyo, ngoko Ribbentrop wagqiba kwelokuba abuyele eKhanada, Ottawa, apho kwakukho abahlobo bakhe abadala. Nje ngaphezu konyaka uyakwazi ukufumana ngokuqinileyo ongenisa umqhaphu kwaye siqhuba eziliqela intengiselwano yimpumelelo, oko kuvunyelwa ukuba zizityebi ngokukhawuleza, anisekele abahlobo abatsha ebalulekileyo.

nenani-1919-20 likhumbula kamva ufudumale ezikhethekileyo, kuba ngeli xesha baqalisa ulwalamano kunye nomfazi wakhe elizayo, Annelise Henkel, wamzalela abantwana abahlanu. Eyona idumileyo kubo iya kuba lowo elizayo koonyana - URudolf von Ribbentrop, ebalisa ibali ekupheleni.

Umtshato wavuya ngokwenene, nayo kuluncedo kakhulu njengoko uyise Annelise ngo-mthetho wacela ukuba ukubeka intsebenziswano umnini inkampani yakhe, isebe eBerlin lunikezelwa ukuthengwa kunye nokunikezelwa sewayini avela kwamanye amazwe. Eli shishini iye yanceda nguJoachim von Ribbentrop ngo-1924 ukuya ukuvula inkampani lakhe sele ethengisa utywala kumazwe "Schoenberg kunye Ribbentrop." Le nkampani waqalisa ukuzisa ingeniso enkulu, nto leyo ukuba umnikazi wayo ukuzibandakanya kuluntu esiphezulu eBerlin.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-1920, Ribbentrop ubuyisela wayenelizwi Reich Chancellor Franz von Papen. Okuhamba, yena, bekholose amakhono abo kunye nempembelelo, icwangcisa umsebenzi ukutshintsha inkqubo welizwe lakhe lokuzalwa, nto leyo kule minyaka isaqhubeka ibambene.

Iyazazi Adolf Hitler kwaye bazibandakanye NSDAP

Von Ribbentrop waqonda elibi iSivumelwano Versailles, apho, ngokwembono yakhe, ngokuncamisileyo kwaye bacudise Weimar Republic. Eqonda ukuba ngoko urhulumente kunye ukungaqiniseki yalo mgaqo-nkqubo kunye notshintsho okukhawulezileyo yingqonyela ayikho nako ukuxhathisa impembelelo mazwe omabini Koloni kunye ukusasazeka Bolshevism, ubanika sympathies bakhe National Socialist.

Emva kokudibana kunye uHitler kunye nezicwangciso bakhe Germany von Ribbentrop kwaye ongena iqela lakhe kunye SS zeeteksi, abe Standartenfiihrer, kwaye iqala ukukhuthaza uMlawuli elizayo kwisikhundla Chancellor endaweni uPawulos von Hindenburg. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ahlela iintetho ezininzi phakathi iinkokeli zangoku ezinokwenzeka lizwe, nangenxa iintlanganiso zabo wabingelela villa in Dahlem. Ukongeza, kwakhona nobudlelwane kwezoshishino efanelekileyo kunye nabantu abazizityebi eJamani: nguJoachim von Ribbentrop nzise niyohlwaywa imfuneko yokuba isizwe uncedo lwemali. Ngaloo ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukuba uvume ukuba uHitler wanikwa material enkulu kunye nenkxaso yokomoya Socialist National ngokutsha. UHitler, ebamba ngokwenene amandla, wammisa ukuba abe umcebisi yakhe nkqubo angaphandle.

Impumelelo yokuqala zokubonisana

I-uMlawuli lo ngengozi wathembela Ribbentrop iikhomishini ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, baqonde njengoko ukuba lo mntu yahlukile kwezinye amalungu eenkonzo zozakuzo. Umcebisi yakhe wayesazi IsiNgesi nesi-French, waba necebo lo sengqondo, umgaqo iBritani neFransi. UHitler wayedla babuzwe malunga nobudlelwane namanye amazwe, ezizezi Ribbentrop wathumela kuye London kunye Paris nazo zonke iintlobo lamaphulo, ezifana nezo zinxulumene izikhali. Ukuba uthethathethwano akuphumelelanga France, i-UK, wazisa uHitler ngo-1935 isivumelwano kusungulwa ukulingana ka IsiNgesi kunye azinakulawuleka German ka 100: 35, yaye amathuba kokwandiswa kobuhlobo nemvisiswano phakathi kwamazwe amabini.

indawo eyahlukileyo akunakwenzeka ukuba ukukhankanya ekudalweni ekuthiwa-Ribbentrop Bureau, iinjongo okuye uqeqesho lobungcali abasebenzi lobuchule ukwenza iKhabhinethi entsha, kwakunye nokuphuhliswa kwezicwangciso-nkqubo angaphandle kunye nezicwangciso eJamani. Kuye elikhokelwa Ribbentrop ngokobuqu, ayimangalisi into yokuba abantu abaninzi abavela SS kwaphawuleka phakathi oonozakuzaku elizayo. Kamva, bonke abasebenzi yoMphathiswa Foreign ukuba umyalelo wakhe ukuba zibandakanywe omkhosi wokhuselo.

Enye inzuzo von Ribbentrop yaba isiphelo ngo-1936-37 Anti-Comintern Pact kunye Japan kunye Italy ukunqanda ngokudibeneyo impembelelo yobukomanisi ukusuka eMpuma. Alliance of kula mazwe baqhubeka de kube sekupheleni Second World War de uzame ukumisa ubukomanisi ngandlela zonke.

New Reich Foreign uMphathiswa

Ngowe-1938 wafumana Ribbentrop wezangaphandle, uyaphumelela von Neurath. ubuhlobo bakhe noogxa yonakale. Okokuqala, akazange eve lokuzimela kakhulu kwimibandela yomgaqo-nkqubo amazwe, nto leyo uxhaphaza elifanayo Reichsfuehrer SS Himmler okanye arhente Reichsleiter Rosenberg. Njalo kwavela phakathi kwabo elininzi imbambano malunga Freemasons, iicawe, amazwe Scandanavia, amaYuda, njalo-njalo. D.

Okwesibini, abaninzi bagxeka lo mfundisi esitsha kowtowing yokungakwazi uHitler ukuzikhusela izindululo zabo. Ribbentrop ngokwakhe (iinkumbulo ebhalwe nguye 1946, kuqinisekiswa) wavuma ngokuyinxenye, echaza ukuba uMlawuli lo mzobo ngamandla kangangokuba akuyo nkqu nabantu abaninzi esiyinjubaqa, esineenkani ngokulula bamthobelayo, ngenxa yokoyika ukukhalinyelwa. Sekunjalo, yena wazithethelela ngenxa yokuba uHitler wayedla ukuthatha izigqibo ngaso, yaye hayi kuphela von Ribbentrop akazange akwazi simkholise.

imisebenzi eyandulela

Xa isikhundla sakhe entsha phambi Reich Foreign uMphathiswa waba iinjongo eziliqela: Austria, Memel, i Sudetenland kunye iDanzig. Ribbentrop inkxaso ngokupheleleyo uMlawuli ngenjongo ukujoyina Austria kunye Sudeten amaJamani ukuya Reich, azinxibe le iinzame lininzi: amalungiselelo intlanganiso kunye unozakuzaku Austria, yabamba iintetho kunye British Prime Minister Chamberlain kwaye bathatha inxaxheba kumalungiselelo isiVumelwano eMunich. Hayi ngaphandle ndlongo, yaye kamva wayetyhola yokugula unyango yabantu yamaYuda, ngokuba yena, njengo uHitler, wayefuna yaluphuthisayo ulawulo lwakhe. Ke ePoland, xa yakhe, von Ribbentrop uthi akazi malunga amalungiselelo ukulwa nayo yaye kusetyenziswa onke neetalente zakhe ozakuzo ukuba sesisombululo esinoxolo iimbambano. Noko ke, izibakala bathi okwahlukileyo, kuba kungenxa isikhundla sakhe akwazi ukuwubona kuye kwakho ukungqubana kwemihla zomkhosi zezibonda.

Relations kunye eSoviet Union phambi kwempi

Umqalisi yokubuyiselwa zonxibelelwano kunye nothetha-thethwano phakathi kwamazwe amabini iye ngqo nguJoachim von Ribbentrop, kaHitler kudala ndaqonda ngemfuneko ukuseka abafowunelwa kunye eSoviet Union. Ngenxa yakhe, oku kuya kuqinisekisa cala Russian kwimeko bokulwa Poland, ngena nesahlulo kwezoqoqosho ezihlawula kwaye uzithembe ngokungaphaya ukuba avele phambi kumazwe aseNtshona. Emva imibuzo emininzi malunga thethwano, Stalin wavuma ukudibana kummeli German eligunyazisiweyo. Nangona iimbono anti-lwamaKomanisi, uMlawuli ke wathumela izigidimi USSR Ribbentrop, kuba yena waye non-ndlongo nte German-Russian wayezimisele ngokusayina yakhe.

Luvuthondaba career - isivumelwano le Molotov - Ribbentrop Pact-Agasti 23, 1939

Esi siganeko waya ezantsi imbali, kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo iimbambano eziyelelene kule mini. Enyanisweni, akukho lula ukuba achaze, njengoko a non-ndlongo nte ngempumelelo apho omabini amacala babenomdla, wajika enkulu-scale imfazwe wamagazi. Noko ke, ngo-1939, akukho Germany okanye eSoviet Union akazange isicwangciso naluphi na ungenelelo ngumkhosi nkqubo zomnye, phezu koko, phakathi kwamazwe amabini lusekiwe ubuhlobo ukuba akunjalo (ngenxa nokulondolozwa iingcamango ezahlukeneyo bulumko), kodwa ubudlelwane win-win. Ubhala yakhe, uMphathiswa German leMicimbi yangaPhandle yoMphathiswa Foreign okubi cinga eSoviet Union, i-nani eyimfihlakalo sababona kunye Stalin. Ribbentrop akazange alindele ngokukhawuleza kangaka, yaye imfudumalo na kanti, kunye yaBantu Commissar leMicimbi yangaPhandle Vyacheslav Mihaylovich Molotov ngokwakhe inkokeli eSoviet Union yajika Abezopolitiko ngokumangalisayo kuhlaliswe kunye nasemoyeni. Ngenxa yoko, Germany kunye USSR ivume cala efanayo kwimeko yokungena nayiphi na amaqela imfazwe yaye akazange ndlongo lwangaphandle nxamnye omnye komnye.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, yena usayine imfihlelo Molotov - Ribbentrop Pact, ezo eMpuma Yurophu kunye aseBalti kwiindawo umdla. ESoviet Union wathabatha ukulawula ezininzi kumazwe eBaltic, Finland, Bessarabia, wemka waya eJamani, Lithuania kunye Western Poland. Kamva, ngoSeptemba 28, umgca lahlule phakathi kwezinto ezimbini liye lalungiswa emva kwemfazwe German-Polish kwaye kumGaqo iSivumelwano ulwalamano kunye nemida. Kuye sele sisungulwe kwaye ukutshintshiselana kwezoqoqosho: I eSoviet Union zinikwa izinto eziyimfuneko ekrwada ukuya amaJamani, yaye imbuyekezo bafumana ulwazi kuphuhliso lwabo zobugcisa, imifuziselo umatshini njalo njalo ..

Ribbentrop ekuqaleni kuka 1940

Ukususela ekuqaleni imfazwe nxamnye yiSoviet Union phakathi uHitler kunye Ministry Foreign kukho umahluko ezingakumbi, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni uMphathiswa weMicimbi yangaPhandle, kunye isebe lakhe bavalelwa ingadibani ekwenzeni umgaqo-nkqubo kwi-East. Von Ribbentrop ulahlekelwa eli xesha impembelelo yayo liya umbono walo babephikisana na indawo uMlawuli. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni ngo-1945 yena akazi ukurhwaphilizela kubo amagunya yoMphathiswa. Emva kokoyiswa Jamani yena ezimele kunye nosapho lwakhe e Hamburg, apho wabanjwa.

Nuremberg Ukulingwa

October 16, 1946 wathabatha indawo ukuphunyezwa iinkokeli German ugwetyiwe, bathe bafunyanwa benetyala olwaphulo-mthetho nxamnye uxolo, ezahlukahlukeneyo kwephulwa nature emkhosini. Ribbentrop ukuze imisebenzi yakhe emthethweni ukuba isohlwayo ngokuxhonywa. Mangcwaba engafakwanga njengoko uthuthu zathi saa.

uhlobo abamlandelayo

Emva kokufa kwakhe, umfazi wakhe Anneliese Henkel epapashwe ngo-1953 kwimbali yobomi yendoda yakhe, ukuhlela yaye ukongeza kubo iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko. Xa sincokola ngayo abantwana, unyana edume i Ribbentrop noRudolf. Waba lilungu umgangatho SS, wathabatha inxaxheba iimfazwe kunye Poland kunye neFransi. Ngaba ijoni imfazwe nxamnye yiSoviet Union wayesilwa emantla eSoviet Union kunye eKharkov ukuba bazinikele abaseMelika. Ngowe-2015 wapapasha incwadi, "Bawo, nguJoachim von Ribbentrop. "Ungaze nxamnye Russia!" "Kwaye wada wenza intshumayelo yayo eRashiya. Abantwana kunye nabazukulwana kunzima kakhulu ukuba igama uyise utatomkhulu, kodwa ndinxiba zona ngesidima kuluntu namhlanje. Ngokomzekelo, umzukulwana Ribbentrop, Dominic, esebenza umthengisi isefu, olunzulu isifundo amaxwebhu embali yemfazwe, waziva enyanzelekile ukuba ukwazi yonke inyaniso malunga nelo xesha.