Izityalo zezihlathi ezixubekileyo: izixhobo. Izilwanyana zamahlathi axubekileyo eRashiya nasezilwaneni

Ummandla wehlathi elixubekileyo laseRashiya uqhubeka ngeendlela zontathu. Isiseko saso sisondele kwimida esentshonalanga yaseRashiya, kwaye intlanganiso ihlala kwiintaba zaseUral. Kule ndawo yelizwe kukho imeko efanelekileyo yezityalo nezilwanyana. Ubuninzi boJanuwari ukushisa kwezi ndawo kuvela kwi-14 ukuya kwi -6 ° C, kwaye amaqondo aphezulu aseJulayi aphakathi kwe -16 ukuya ku -21 ° C. Ukuthuthwa kwanele. Ngenxa yoko, izityalo zikho izimo ezintle zokukhula.

Imithi yehlathi edibeneyo

Iintlobo ezisemgangathweni zemithi ezenza amahlathi anjalo yi-birch, i-spruce, ipineyini eqhelekileyo, i- linden, i-elm, i-hornbeam, i-ash, i-aspen, i-elm.

I-Oaks ehlathini elixubekileyo, ngokubanzi, ikhula. Kunzima eminye imithi ukulwa nokukhuphisana okunjalo. Emva koko, eli qhawe linomthi onamandla, kwaye uchitha amasebe akhe ambalwa amitha ngeenxa zonke. Ngaphansi komthunzi we-oki kunye nezihlahla ezinqwenelekayo, ngokuqhelekileyo le mihlathi ikhula ehlathini njengokuthi ziqithi ezihlukeneyo. Abameleli ababekezelayo kuphela beeflewu nama-mushroom banokufumana indawo yokukhusela phantsi komntu onamandla.

Izityalo zidibanisa amahlathi eRashiya - ayithethi nje kuphela i-oki, kodwa i-birch ehambayo. Ziyinkimbinkimbi, ngoko kufutshane nabo banokukhula kunye nezihlahla, njengengca yomthi, umdala, i-buckthorn, i-hazel, i-raspberry. U-Kalina uyakuthanda umswakama, ngoko uvakalelwa kwiindawo eziphantsi. Iibhokhwe nazo zinokukhula kwiimeko ezinjalo. Kule meko, i- sphagnum moss ifumaneka kubo . Kwaye udla ngokubona ama-mushroom ehlobo. Ngabo baya kuxelwa kamva kamva, kodwa ngoku kungumbuzo wezityalo ezixubekileyo zehlathi.

Abancedisi kunye neentshaba zemithi

Iibhokhwe zikhula ngamaqela, zenza ama-groves. Ngokuqhelekileyo kufuphi nabo bafumana indawo ye-aspen. Kwakhona awathathi indawo eninzi, ngoko ke le ntlobo ezimbini zityalo zihlala ngokuhlangeneyo. Iipayipi, i-spruce, njengama-oki, yakha isithunzi esincinci. Ngoko ke, phantsi kwezi mithi, kunzima ukuphuhlisa izityalo ngokuqhelekileyo. Kodwa inaliti, ewela emhlabathini, ekugqibeleni iqhutywe yii-microorganisms ezihlala kwindawo yomhlaba - kunye nomhlaba ovundileyo. Ngenxa yoko izihlahla zizondla. Kuyafana nakwamagqabi, ekugqibeleni abe ngumgca we-humus. Ipheka emithini, idonsa imifuno yomhlaba, eyenza iphinda iphinde iphinde ibenze ibe yinto engabonakaliyo. Ukongezelela kubancedisi, nabo banezinambuzane. Ngoko, iibhungane zebhungane zasehlotyeni zodwa zinokubulala amakhulu emithi. Kodwa uhlobo olumkileyo ludale ama-woodpeckers, olukhupha izinambuzane ezisuka kwiindawo ezinzulu kakhulu ze-cortex kwaye zijamelane nazo ngokukhawuleza.

Iintaka zehlathi ezixubekileyo

Ukongeza kwi- woodpecker emnyama, imithi inabanye abancedisi. Umzekelo, isihloko esikhulu. Itshabalalisa amahlathi amaninzi. Ngombulelo, izityalo ezinamahlathi adibeneyo zilahla i-weevils, ii-aphids ezinamaphiko amabini, i-aphids, njl. Intshabalalisa izinambuzane ezitholakala kwinxalenye engezantsi yomthi.

I-bitch encane ebizwa ngokuthi iMoscow inokulingana kwe-9 grams. Kodwa wenza ngokukhawuleza ukusebenzisana nezilwanyana ezinobungozi. Nuthatch enye enye intaka ehlala kule ndawo. Uhlala ehambela indawo ukuya endaweni, ngokuqinisekileyo uyaphilisa imithi emahlathini axubekileyo. Umququzi wabuye wathatha indawo apha. Izityalo zehlathi elixutywayo kuye yindawo yokuhlala. Ngokuphathelele umnyama omnyama, ukumkani onobumba obomvu , i- owl, i-finch, i-sandpiper yehlathi.

Xa iintaka zicula iingoma, zizalisa ihlathi ngezandi ezithandekayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuphulaphulwa ngoma ingoma ye nightingale, ohlala kule ndawo. NgoMeyi-kaJuni unokuva amazwi e-cuckoos. I-Eagle-Golden Eagle yinye yezona ntaka zikhulu kakhulu zeentaka ezixubekileyo. Ubunzima bomzimba wakhe bufikelela kwiihilogram ezine. I Falcon yasePeregrine nayo yintaka yexhoba elivela kumahlathi athile. Iintlobo ezinqabileyo zeentaka zikhuselwa nguRhulumente.

Ihlathi elidibeneyo: izityalo kunye nezilwanyana

Ukongeza kwiintaka ezininzi, amahlathi anika indawo yokuhlala kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana. Apha ihadgehogs live, ferrets zaseYurophu.

Kwiindawo zamatye, kwiindawo zamachibi kunye nasemanzini, kukho i-beaver, i-muskrats. Bondla kwiintlanzi kunye nezityalo zamanzi, ezikhulayo kwiindawo zokuhlala ezihlambulukileyo zamahlathi. I-beaver iyavuya ukutya kunye nemithi. I-Ondat yakha imingxuma yamathandle phantsi komhlaba okanye, njengama-beaver, ama-huts. Ibhinqa le-muskrat lizala i-1-3 cubs, kunye ne-beaver-3-4 abantwana.

Izilwanyana zehlathi ezinobungozi

Kule ndawo, izilwanyana, njengeLynx, zihlala. Esi silwanyana sisilwanyana sekati. Ngokuyinene, uzingela i-hare, kodwa ahlasele intlanzi, abambelele kwiindawo zezilwanyana kunye neentonga.

Abaxhamli basongela i-hare ehlwempuzekileyo kumacala onke. I-fox ebomvu iphinda ihlasele isilwanyana. Izimpungushe zihlala phakathi kwamatye okanye kwiindawo zokungcwaba. Ingxenye yemenyu yabo yenziwe ngamacwe namaqanda ezinyoni. Ngesinye isihlandlo ibhinqa linokuvelisa ukuya kwiibhite eziyi-12.

Kukho neenyoka kwihlathi elidibeneyo. Ukongeza kwiinyoka ezingenakubungozi, kukho inyoka enetyhefu. Ziziphi izityalo azinqwenela ukuba azikhusele kuzo emahlathini adibeneyo? Eyona nto ingca elude, kwaye kufuphi neenxweme ezinqabileyo. Ngoko ke, indoda ehlathini apho iimbumba zifunyenwe khona, kufuneka uhambe ngeebhotile eziphezulu kwaye kungcono ukuhamba ngeendlela ezibethekileyo, kungekhona kwintsi ende. IViper ithanda ukusekela elangeni kwimimandla evulekile, kodwa ukufihla kwingcambu yemithi. Ngoko kufuphi neendawo ezinjalo kufuneka uqaphele.

Ukudibanisa kunye neebhokhwe zasendle nazo ziyinto engathandekiyo. Nangona ehlathini udibana ne-piglet encane, hamba kuye, kuba kwindawo ethile kufuphi nabazali bakhe ababi. Ibali lezilwanyana zehlathi linokuphela ngokukhankanya i-moose, ibhere, ingcuka, ehlala apha.

Amahlathi axutyisiweyo kunye namaqhinga

Izityalo zezi ndawo, njengezilwanyana, zikwahluke kakhulu. Ukongeza kwimithi emikhulu kunye nezihlahla, kukho zonke iintlobo zeentyantyambo, imifuno, i-mosses. Amakhowa anokunokuthiwa yintlahlela yezityalo. Kukulungele ukuzulazula ehlathini phakathi kwehlobo okanye ekwindla kusasa kwaye ukuzisa ikhaya eliqinileyo, i-boletus ebomvu, i-slender podberyozoviki. Ukuthabatha ngobuhle babo obunemibala yi-chanterelles, i-red-hair. Ezi fungulu zikhula emhlabeni, kodwa iinkozi zamakhowe zikhetha imithi emdala okanye efile. Eyona nto - iibhoksi.

Ingqungquthela ye-herbaceous yale ndawo iqulethwe yi-oakgrass izityalo: i-zelenochuk, i-larva, i-hoof. Ivela kwiindawo zenguqu kunye nezinye i-taiga: i-sourdough, i-beetle ebomvu, i-wintergreen, i-maynik nabanye.

Izityalo zeBerry kule ndawo ye-oasis yemvelo nazo zininzi. Apha unokuqokelela ezininzi zeerberberries, amathambo, i-blueberry, i-cranberries. Iintyatyambo - i-chamomile, i-buttercups, iinduli zeentlambo kunye nabanye-ziyolisa amehlo.

Ezi zinjalo izilwanyana kunye nezityalo zehlathi elixubekileyo eRashiya. Kubalulekile ukuba ungayikhohlwa ukuphatha imvelo ngokucophelela kwaye uyikhusele kubantu abanobubele kunye nemililo.