I-Eurasia lizwekazi lihlanjwe ngama-4 elwandle

Lo mbuzo unokubanjwa kwiimvavanyo kwiijografi okanye kwi-crossword: ilizwekazi elihlamba i-4 elwandle? Umntu ofundayo uyazi kakuhle impendulo echanekileyo. Ewe, ukuba engazange azi, uya kusebenzisana nathi.

Inkcazo yegama elithi "indawo"

Ngamanye amaxesha kukho ukudideka kwisigama-magama, kuba iincwadana ezimbini "ilizwekazi" kunye ne "zwekazi" zisetyenzisiweyo. Ngaba kukho umehluko phakathi kwabo? Enyanisweni, la magama ayafana. Zichaza iindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba eziphezulu kwinqanaba lolwandle, kwaye zijikelezwe ngamanzi. Ngenxa yoko, umntu unokuthi lizwekazi okanye ilizwekazi, elihlamba elwandle elinesine, intsingiselo yalo mbuzo ayiyi kutshintsha kulo. Ukwahlukana kuphela kukuba ilizwekazi liphela ngaphezu kommandla wolwandle, kunye nelizwekazi liquka i-marine continental slopes kunye namashalofu. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, zombini amagama asetyenziswa ukusetyenziswa ngokungafaniyo. Nangona i-geologists inokuphikisana nale nkcazo, njengoko ichitha iminyaka emininzi ifunda lo mmahluko.

Zingaphi iindinimenti ezikhoyo emhlabeni?

Ukuze uphendule umbuzo weliphikazikazi elihlanjwe ngamanxweme amane, okokuqala kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa ukuba zininzi amazwekazi. Emhlabeni kukho 6 ezinkulu ezinkulu zomhlaba, ezibhekwa njengelizwekazi:

• Iyokuqala i-Eurasia - izwekazi elikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, eliqulethwe ngamacandelo amabini ahlukeneyo kwimbali yamandulo kunye nenkcubeko. Babizwa ngokuba yiYurophu naseAsia.
• Izwekazikazi yesibini yiAfrika, lihlala kwindawo yesihlanu yomhlaba wonke.
• Okwesithathu esikhulu kunawo wonke eNyakatho Melika.
• Indawo yesine yiyo eMzantsi Melika, ihlala kwi-12% yomhlaba.
• Ilesizwekazi sesihlanu esikhulu kakhulu i-Australia. Nantsi kukho ilizwe elilodwa kuphela elinabantu abaphantsi kakhulu.
• Abemi belizwekazi lesithandathu baqhubeka bethetha, kunye nabaphengululi. Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba i-Antarctica ayikho ilizwekazi.

Ulwahlulo lwangoku lwamazwekazi lunokutshintshwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, njengoko behamba ngokukhawuleza.

Supermateric

Izwe, elihlanjwe ngamanxweme ama-4 - i-Eurasia. Ngokuqinisekileyo uthathwa njenge-supermater, kuba nguye omkhulu kunabo bonke. Ummandla wonke welo bunzima bomhlaba ungaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-54 km2. Ukongeza kwilizwe, eli nani liquka indawo yeepeninsula ezili-15.

I-Eurasia inobungakanani obunzulu kangangokuba kwimihlaba yayo yonke uluhlu lweenkalo ze-climo limele. Yaye imihlaba yemvelo yenziwa phantsi kwefuthe lezilwandle ezine zomhlaba.

Inani labantu base-Eurasia li malunga nabantu abayizigidi ezili-5. Kwintsimi yelizwekazi kunamazwe angama-93 kunye namaziko angama-10 angaziwa.

Amachibi ahlamba ilizwekazi lase-Eurasia. Atlantic

I-West et south-west-west supermaterica ihlamba i-Atlantic Ocean. Le yilona ilwandle elona lukhulu kakhulu (ngokwemimandla yendawo engaphantsi kwePacific), kodwa indawo yalo yamanzi ithathwa njengeyona nto iphakamileyo. Ngokwendlela, i-Atlantic yindawo engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-130 km², kwaye ububanzi bayo obuphakathi bungama-4 000 eemitha. Indawo enzulu kakhulu yindawo yePuerto Rico, ingaphezu kwama-8700 m.

LwaseMpuma. SePasifike

Ummandla wasempumalanga we-Eurasia uhlanjululwa yiLwandle lwasePacific. Eli lwandle lona lukhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni. Ingingqi yayo inkulu kakhulu-idlula ezili-178 yezigidi km2. Enyanisweni, i-Pacific Ocean ithatha indawo yesithathu yomhlaba. Ummandla wayo uyingxenye yesiqingatha sommandla we-Ocean World.

Igama elithi "Quiet" alihambelani nobume bolwandle ngokwalo. Wenyuka noMagellan, owayenethamsanqa kakhulu ngemozulu ngexesha lohambo lwehlabathi.

Iinkcukacha ngobunzulu obuphakathi buyingcambu. Ngokwezinye ukuqikelela ukuba ngu-3900 m, kodwa abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba le mitha ye-4200. Ingongoma ejulile yiMariana Trench. Ingaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezili-11.

Unxweme olumpuma lwe-Eurasia luhlukaniswe ngama-bays kunye nama-peninsula, kwaye ineziqithi ezininzi zobukhulu ezahlukeneyo.

Unxweme lwaseMzantsi. Olwandle lwaseIndiya

Amanxweme asezantsi ase-Eurasia ayahlanjwa ngamanzi aseLwandle lwaseNdiya. Ixabiso lalo liyesithathu kwiphepha leelwandle. Ummandla ungaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-76 ze-sq. Km. Ubunzulu bomgangatho wolwandle luhlonipheke kakhulu - u-3711 m. Ibinzulu kakhulu kunama-7 km. Igama layo nguSunda Trench.

Amanxweme ase-Eurasia kwicala lasezantsi anqunywe kakhulu ngaphantsi kwamanye amanqanaba. Apha kukho izinto ezibonakalayo zendawo: i-Peninsula yase-Arabia kunye ne-Hindustan Peninsula, kunye noLwandle lwase-Arabia kunye ne -Bay of Bengal.

Unxweme lwasemntla. I-Arctic Ocean

Ukusuka ngasentla, ilizwekazi, elihlanjwe ngamanxweme angama-4, libophelelwe yi-Arctic Ocean. Incinci kwaye iyabanda, leyo ichaza isimo sengqondo se-polar kunye nesigxina sommandla wonxweme. Ummandla wolwandle u malunga nezigidi ezili-16 km², ubunzulu obunzulu bungama-5500 m. Kodwa ubunzulu bomyinge kuphela ngu-1200 m.

Inxweme esenyakatho ye-Eurasia ikwahluke kwi-shelf ebanzi kakhulu, eyona icebile kakhulu kwiimaminerali. Ishedyuli yenziwa yiRashiya, iDenmark neNorway.

Ngoku uyazi ezinye iinkalo zelizwekazi lethu elikhulu. Ukuba ubuzwa, i-Eurasia yiyiphi izwekazi? Yiyiphi ihlamba elinesine elwandle, - uphendule ngokuphepha lo mbuzo.