Izibindi kwisithili saseRostov: inkcazo, imibono, iifoto. Ngaba zikhona izidumbu ze-encephalitis kwingingqi yaseRostov?

Ngomhla ka-Meyi 2015 kwiphondo laseRostov, ukulinywa kwekhayi kuphelile ngokufa komntu, umqeshwa weRZD, umhlali weSithili saseZimovnikovsky. Ukuhlala kwindawo yokufama ede, wajika waya kuncedo lonyango kakhulu.

Izilwanyana ziza!

Ngomhla ka-Meyi 2013, isizathu sokuqala sokufa kwaba ngumthi, kwaye kwenzeke apha, kwingingqi yaseRostov. Ngo-2014, ezimbini iinkcukacha zokufa kwi-acari bite zabhalwa. Iikitikiti kwiphondo yaseRostov ngoku sisisongelo ngokwenene ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Okokuqala, ukushisa kwangethuba kwangaphambili kwafakelwa inxaxheba ekudalweni kweemeko ezifanelekileyo zokuqalisa ukusebenza kweerthropods. Okwesibini, ngenxa yezidumbu, kungekhona ngaphandle koluncedo lomntu, zonke iimeko zokuvelisa ngokusebenzayo zenziwe, kwaye ngamnye umfazi unako ukuhlehlisa i-egg to 1,000 ukuya kuma-17,000 amaqanda. Enyanisweni, phila kule nombolo yeeyunithi.

Izizathu zokuhlaselwa kwe-Pridonia

Imfuyo yommandla ibhujiswa. Izinkulungwane zeenkomo zeenkomo neenkomo, izigidi zezimvu, ukunyathelwa phambi kweengca, indawo yokuhlala yemikhakha, ayikho. Ukunyangwa kobuhlwempu kwemimandla ayiphumeli kakuhle ngenxa yeendleko zayo eziphezulu. Konke oku kukhokelela ekubeni izibonda kwiindawo zaseRostov zihlasela abahlali kwiindidi zabo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kukuba ezi ziphumo ze-arachnids zeklasi zidala i-Crimea, i-encephalitis nezinye izifo ezininzi ezibulalayo.

I-Predator Bloodsuckers

Iziganeko ezili-11 zokukhawulwa kweekethi, ezizinzileyo kuloo ndawo, zabangela isifo se-CHF. Isicatshulwa sichaza "i-Crimean". Kuza kube namhlanje, uDon ubhale iintlobo ezi-7 zeekiti zegazi, ukuhlasela umntu. Kwaye ezi zilwane zivakalelwa indlela yokutya okufudumalayo kwegazi elide kumgama wama-5. Afunyanwa nje kuphela emhlabathini, anokufumaneka kwindawo ephakamileyo ukuya kwi-1 imitha. Uhlobo lweekhekhi kwiindawo zaseRostov zinamagama alandelayo kwisiLatini: Hyalomma marginatum noN. scupense, D. Marginatus no R. rossicns, I. i-ricinus, I. i-laguri ne-Haem. Punctata. Kutshanje, kuphela ngo-2008, bekukho iimpawu ezilodwa kuphela ezi zi-suction blood-sucking arthropods, kwaye ngoku ziye zathatha phantse ummandla wonke. Inkcazo enzulu yenzululwazi nganye yezilwanyana apha ayinangqiqo, yonke into inezinto eziqhelekileyo.

Isiqhelo sezifo ezibulalayo

Iikiti kwiindawo zaseRostov, ngakumbi i-ixodids, zithwala izifo ezinzulu ezilandelayo: i-CGL, i-Ku, i-fever, i-tularemia kwaye inobungozi, ichongiwe kulo nyaka kwimpembelelo yendalo, njenge-borreliosis, okanye isifo seLyme. Iikitikithi zisebenza ngokukodwa kwiProletarian, Salsk, Volgodonsk, Veselovsky naseMartynovsky. Kukho ama-900 amatyala e-tick tick yabantu kulo mmandla.

Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo kwindawo

Ziziphi iipasisiti? I-Acarology (inzululwazi efundwayo iikiti) ichaza ezingama-40 000 zeentlobo zazo, ezo i-ixodids, okanye i-parasitic, i-acari enegazi, eyaziwa ngokuba neentlobo ezingaphezu kwe-650. Nguwuphi kubo onobulunga kwisithili saseRostov? Ifoto efakwe apha ngezantsi ibonisa enye yegazi echaphazelekayo. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela izithili ezingama-43 kunye nezixeko ezili-11 zommandla nguD. D. marginatus, ekwazi ukuguqulela ngokukhawuleza ukusingqongileyo kunye ne-agent engumgudu wezifo ezithwalwe yizilwanyana, oko kukuthi, empeleni, ngumthwali wezifo ezithintekayo ukusuka komntu omnye ukuya kwelinye.

Umsebenzi uqhubeka

Kwaye umsasazo we-Crimea fever, uhlobo lwe-HT marginatum, lusasazeka kwizithili ezingama-40 nakwiidolophu ezili-9, nangona kungekudala kungekudala kufumaneke kuphela kumzantsi nakumazantsi-mpuma kummandla. Njengoko sele kuphawuliwe, zonke izifo zenzeke ngenxa yentsholongwane yabantu nge-CHF, nangona iindidi ezisixhenxe ezibhalwe kwingingqi yaseRostov zingabangela ukuba kubekho izifo ezinzima. Isizathu sinokuthi sidibanise i-parasite esikhumbeni (esingenakwenziwa nantoni na), kwaye ngokukhawuleza ulume i-mite. Isifunda saseRostov, ngokubhekiselele kwi-MOE neRospotrebnadzor, sibhekene nokuhlasela kwezi arthropods. Le meko inobungozi kangangokuba, nangona iindleko eziphakamileyo, ii-rubles ezili-11,5 zikhutshelwe ukulwa nalezi zidumbu. Injongo kukuqwalasela ummandla weNgingqi yaseRostov. Urhuluneli wongezelela ezinye iiruble ezigidi eziyi-1.8.

Abathwali be-encephalitis

Kulo mbuzo "Ngaba kukho i-encephalitis mites esifundeni saseRostov?" Unokuphendulwa kwisigxina. Abaphathi be-parasitologi ye -encephalitis ekhutshwe ngekiti, izifo ezichaphazela kakhulu inkqubo ye-nervous system, zangaphambili zifunyenwe kuphela kwimzantsi-mpuma kummandla, kodwa iimeko eziza kutshanje ziye zabonwa yonke indawo. I-meningoencephalitis ekhutshwe ngekiti isasazwa ngama- tick bite , okusebenza kwawo ngoMeyi-Juni, kuthiwa i-Ixodes ricinus. Le ntlobo ifunyenwe kwingingqi yaseRostov. Izikiti zeentlobo zezi zithwala kunye nenkunkuma yegciwane le-neurotropic ye-encephalitis ephawulwe ngamakethi.

Izibilini zeVirus

Endle, intsholongwane ijikeleza phakathi kwamakethi kunye nezinye izilwanyana eziphakathi, ezizilwanyana, ikakhulukazi iintaka kunye neentonga. Kodwa iifom ye-virus ifumaneke kwiindawo ze-anthropurgic (iindawo eziguqulwe kakhulu ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu). Apha, izibongo ezongezelelweyo ziibhokhwe kunye neenkomo. Kwaye le ntsholongwane ingadluliselwa kwiqanda kwiinkalo zezi zifuyo. Umntu unokusuleleka ngentsholongwane ngokubethelwa kwinqabana (kwindlela yokudlulisa) okanye ekutshintshelweni kwe-feedary - xa ukutya okuluhlaza kwizilwanyana ezigciwane zingena emzimbeni womntu. Intsholongwane, eguqulelwe kumaqondo okushisa aphantsi, ichithwa kalula kwii-70 degrees. Izidumbu ze-Encephalitic kwiindawo zaseRostov zisebenza ngokukodwa ngoMeyi-kaJuni, kodwa ngo-Agasti noSeptemba kukho ukwanda kweziganeko. Xa uluma, intsholongwane ngokukhawuleza ingena kwigazi. Ixesha lokuxubusha kweli xesha lihlala kwiiveki ezingama-2-3, xa zithengwa ukutya okusuleleka-iintsuku ezingama-4-7.

Izidumbu zezifo

Kuzo zonke iintlobo ezikhankanywe apha ngasentla zihlala kwindawo yaseRostov, ihlala iqwalasela uH. Scupens, uRH. Rossicns, I. laguri kunye neHaem. Punctata. Ezi zikhawu ziyi-agent ezikhuselekileyo zezi zifo zilandelayo.

Incwadi yokuqala yesiLatini H egameni lentsholongwane ithetha uhlobo lwezityalo ezikhoyo, kule ngxaki iHyalomma. Zonke iindidi zale nkqutyana zithwala i-CHF. H. I-Scupens inobuninzi kwaye ihamba ngezilwanyana ngexesha lebanda, ukusuka ngo-Oktobha ukuya kuMeyi. Bathwala izifo zezilwanyana zegazi, ezifana ne-hemosporidosis. I-Haemaphysalis (kwimeko yethu iHaem.Punctata), efunyenwe ngo-1844, idibanisa izibungu kunye ne-proboscis efutshane apho ihambisa amanxusa okuxhaswa yi-tularemia, brucellosis, i-Congo-Crimea ekhuhlane kunye nelibetho lesabantu. Incwadi yokuqala I (I. laguri) ithetha ukuba lolu hlobo lwekhakthi lubhekisela kwixesha elide, eliphethe i-bacterial and viral infections. Ziziphi izibonda kwiindawo zaseRostov zizahlukileyo, ezikhethwe kwisihloko kwiibrari ezinkulu? I-Rhipicephalys (kwiindawo zaseRostov zintlobo - iRossicns) zizityalo ezincinci, abathengisi be-babesiosis, isifo esichengeni sisifo sezilwanyana nabantu. Kwakuqala ukufumaneka eYugoslavia ngo-1957.

Olunye ulwazi

I-Acari Ixodidae yiqela elona liqela leempembelelo ze-parasitic. Izibindi kwisithili saseRostov, inkcazo yokuba ingaqhutyelwa ngolwazi malunga nobukhulu, yingozi kakhulu. Zonke iintlobo zineenkcukacha ezilandelayo-ubude bomntu oqolileyo buyi-2.5 mm, ubukhulu besifazana esilabileyo ngu-3-4 mm (igazi elaphalaziweyo, landa ngaphezu kwama-2-3 kwaye lifikelela kwi-10 mm). Amanqanaba okuphuhliswa kwekhakiti anjengale ndlela: iqanda, i-larva, i-nymph, abadala (abadala).

Ukuqwalasela ingozi yamakethi kunye nomnqweno owandayo wabemi baseRostov minyaka yonke ukutyelela imvelo rhoqo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuyafuneka ukuba ukwazi imithetho ethile yokukhusela nokukhusela.

Intsholongwane ebonakalayo rhoqo kwiNgingqi yaseRostov

Igciwane leGGL lihlala lijikeleza kwingingqi yommandla. Ekubeni lolu hlobo lwesifo luyabulala, kwaye ummandla ukhangeleka ngokukodwa, kufuneka uhlolwe ngokubanzi.

Intsapho ye-Nairovirus I-Bunyaviridae - igciwane leGGL - linomlinganiselo wokufa kwe-10-40%. Abathwali bobabini nezilwanyana zasendle. Bonke basulelekile nge-tick bite, kwaye intsholongwane ihlala egazini kwiveki. Ukuba isilwanyana esilulelekileyo sibetha ezinye izibungu, uxhumano lwe "tick-animal-mite" lwenzeka. Zininzi iintlobo zalezi zintlobo ze-arthropods ezinokusuleleka ngegciwane le-KGL, kodwa i-carrier ye-arthropod, njengoko ichazwe ngasentla, i-Hyalomma mites.

Ingozi yokusuleleka

Umntu usuleleka kwiimeko eziliqela - ngqo kunye nokuluma, xa usebenza kunye nezilwanyana ezikhuselekileyo. Le ngozi ibandakanyeke kakhulu ngabantu ababandakanya imfuyo. Kukho isifo sosulelo lwe-nosocomial, xa imithetho yokumisela inkunkuma yezixhobo zonyango ayigcinwanga. Kukho ukusuleleka kumntu kumntu - ngokusondelelana kunye nezigulane. Xa i-KGL isifo sesigxina, i-incubation period ihlala kwiintsuku ezi-3 (nangona kunjalo, ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-9 zabhalwa), kwaye xa zichazwe kwiimfucu okanye igazi, iintsuku ezingama-5 ukuya kwezi-6 (i-13 ephezulu).

Izifo zesifo

Izimpawu zesimo: ukushisa okuphezulu, intloko kunye nazo zonke izihlunu ziqala ukuhlamba, zilandelwe iintlungu ezibukhali emva nangaphantsi, kukho i-photophobia, i-palpitation. Zonke ziyavela ngokukhawuleza. Ubuhlungu entanyeni nasesisu kuya kutshintshwa ngokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo kunye nesibindi esandisiweyo. Konke oku kuhambelana nokugqithisa, okubonakala ngathi ngumphumo weemvula eziphantsi kwesikhumba kunye nakwiindawo zangaphakathi zeembrane. Izalathisi ziyahlabalala ngeyure nganye, kwaye ngosuku lwesihlanu isigulane sinokujamelana nesifo esinamandla okanye ukungazinzi kwamapulmoni. Ukufa kufuthi kubakho kwiveki yesibini yesifo, kwaye iimpawu zokubuya zivela ngomhla we-9-10. Ukusetyenziswa kwonyango "i-Ribavirin" - isicatshulwa esisebenzayo. Iseluleko esinqununu malunga nendlela yokuziphatha emva kokuhambela iindawo ezinokuthi zikhona, kwaye uludwe lwezinto ezingenakwenziwa ngokubanzi, kwaye oko kufuneka kwenziwe, bonke abantu abahlala kwiindawo eziyingozi kufuneka bazi.