Ngoobani aba Salafis, Sunnis, Shiites, Alawites kunye Wahhabis? Umahluko phakathi Sunnis and Salafis

Ihlabathi Islamic iye iicawa ezininzi. Iqela ngalinye izimvo zalo ngalo ukholo echanekileyo. Ngenxa yoku, amaSilamsi, uyaqonda ezohlukeneyo undoqo unqulo lwabo, zikungquzulwano. Ngamanye amaxesha bafumane amandla amakhulu kwaye ukuphelisa kwegazi.

ukungaboni yangaphakathi phakathi abameli ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi Muslim, nkqu nangaphezu nabantu bezinye iicawa. Ukuze siqonde umahluko kwi izimvo Islam, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola ngubani Salafis, Cartoon, Wahhabi, US kunye Alawites. ukuqonda kwabo iimpawu ngokwaselukholweni ukuba imzisele kwiimfazwe fratricidal, igalelo livakale wamazwe ngamazwe.

Imbali ingxabano

Ukuze ufumanise ukuba ngubani na Salafis, Shiites, Sunnis, Alawites, Wahhabis kunye nabanye abameli ideology yamaSilamsi, kufuneka sijonge ekuqaleni ungquzulwano.

Kulo nyaka 632 BC. e. UMprofeti Muhammad wafa. abalandeli bakhe baqalisa ukuba isigqibo iya kuba ngubani na ezihlangwini yinkokheli yabo. Ekuqaleni, lo Salafis, Alawites kunye nezinye iindawo zange kodwa ayikho. Okokuqala beza Sunnis kunye Shiites. Eyokuqala ingqalelo ezihlangwini kumntu umprofeti onyulwe ukuba caliphate. Ke aba bantu ibingawo asisininzi. Kancinci kakhulu ngelo xesha abameli nembono eyahlukileyo. US waqala ukukhetha ozothatha Muhammad nakwizizalwana zakhe. Imam kubo Ndingumza umprofeti ogama Ali. Ngelo xesha, abaxhasi ezi iimbono babebizwa US Ali.

Impixano kwakhula kunyaka 680, xa unyana ka-Imam Ali, ogama Hussein, owabulawa Sunnis. Oku kwakhokelela ekubeni kukuba namhlanje ezi yantlukwano ezichaphazela uluntu, inkqubo yezomthetho, usapho njalo njalo. D. I sigqibo abakhethiweyo bejamelene ne-Sexual abameli ephikisanayo. Ngoko ke, ihlabathi Islamic na usakhathazwa unanamhla.

imibono ukwahlukana Modern

Njengokuba unqulo yesibini ngobukhulu yoxolo, Islam ekugqibeleni yabangela amahlelo amaninzi, iintsingiselo izimvo undoqo unqulo. Salafis kwaye Sunnis, umahluko phakathi kwabo kuya kuxoxwa ngezantsi, intsukaphi ixesha ezahlukeneyo ixesha. Sunnis baba kwicala ekuqaleni ezisisiseko, kunye Salafists wabonakala kakhulu kamva. Latest namhlanje ingqalelo iintshukumo ngaphezulu eziyingozi. Abaphengululi abaninzi zonqulo bathi Salafi kunye Wahhabi amaSilamsi ungatsalela kuphela reserve olukhulu. Ukuvela koluntu zonqulo kanye ngenxa zamahlelo Islam.

Xa ubunyani imeko yangoku yezopolitiko ukuba amaqela eziyingozi of Muslims na ukuba imzisele ungquzulwano igazi eMpuma. Baye izibonelelo zemali elikhulu yaye linokuyiqhuba revolution, ukumisela ukongamela yayo phezu kumazwe amaSilamsi.

Umahluko phakathi Sunnis kwaye Salafis mkhulu kakhulu, kodwa ke xa efika kuqala. Uphando olunzulu imigaqo yabo kuvela umfanekiso ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Ukuze uqonde oko, kufuneka siqwalasele iimpawu nganye kwezi nkalo.

Sunnis neenkolelo zawo

I (malunga ne-90% ye-Muslims) inkulu liqela e-Islam Sunnis. Balandela umendo uMprofethi ingqalelo injongo yayo enkulu.

Le ncwadi yesibini emva Koran ezingundoqo lo mkhwa egameni lonqulo-Sunnah. Ekuqaleni, imixholo yawo wegqitha ngomlomo, kanti ke lona ngokohlobo hadith. Abanamathele iindawo ezinjalo ethe kakhulu kwaba vimba babini yokholo lwabo. Ukuba Qur'an Sunnah abanalo impendulo nawuphi na umbuzo, abantu kuvunyelwa ukuba senze isigqibo malunga nokuqiqa sakhe.

Sunnis kwahluka US Salafis kunye nezinye iintshukumo Indlela ukutyhilwa kwale hadith. Kwamanye amazwe malungiselelo alandelayo, ngokusekelwe kubomi umzekelo umprofeti, weza ukuqonda ngokoqobo undoqo ubulungisa. Ngamanye amaxesha, nkqu ubude lelasesilevini iinkcukacha iimpahla oyindoda kanye aba iyafana kwemiyalelo Sunnah. Lo mahluko zazo eziphambili.

US, US, Salafi kunye nezinye iindawo baneembono ezahlukeneyo ulwalamano kunye Allah. Uninzi amaSilamsi uthambekele ukukholelwa ukuba kwimbono ilizwi likaThixo abawadingi umlamleli, ngoko amandla wadluliselwa unyulo.

Shiites abaci yazo

Ngokungafaniyo Sunnis, i Shiites bakholelwa ukuba amandla kaThixo ikhutshelwa kwiindlalifa umprofeti. Ngoko ke, ukuba bayavuma ithuba nokutolikwa bemiqathango yawo. Singenza kuphela abo bantu abo eli lungelo okhethekileyo.

Inani Shiites ehlabathini unika indlela kwisebe Cartoon. Salafis efanayo Islam ngokupheleleyo ephikisana izimvo ukutyhilwa imithombo ukholo efana Shiites. Le yokugqibela waqonda ilungelo umprofeti, kukho iinkokheli kwiqela babo, ukuze babe abalamli phakathi koThixo nabantu ziindlalifa. Ewe kuthiwa imams.

Salafis kwaye Sunnis bakholelwa ukuba Shiites baye bazenza ezintsha ezingcolileyo Ingqondo Sunnah. Ngoko ke, iimbono zabo ephikisana njalo. Kukho amahlelo ezininzi neentshukumo, ndiyayithabatha isiseko yokuqonda wonqulo Shiite. Ezi ziquka Alawites, Ismailis, Latest, Druze, Shaykhism kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Oku eyenza kwicala yamaMuslim wedrama. Ngomhla Ashura, i Shiites kumazwe ahlukeneyo tirhisa inyathelo isijwili. Kuyinto enzima, inkqubo ngokweemvakalelo, ngexesha apho abathathi-nxaxheba ibethe igazi labo kwiintambo kunye amakrele.

Abameli zombini iindawo Cartoon kwaye Shiite iqanjwa ezininzi kuThixo ngamaqela, nokuba ingabalelwa inkolo ethile. Kuzo zonke bokuqonda kunzima ukuqonda, naxa Ukuhlolisisa iimbono nganye kwezi mo Muslim.

Alawites

Salafis kwaye Alawites zithathwa iintshukumo ezintsha zonqulo. Kwelinye icala, ukuba babe eziliqela siseko, ezifana iindlela obudala. Alawite bezakwalizwi ezininzi jonga abalandeli iimfundiso Shiite. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba imigaqo yalo ekhethekileyo bungabonakala njengonqulo eyahlukileyo. Ukufana ne kummandla Alawite US Muslim kwenkululeko siwubona izimvo kwi-Quran kunye nemimiselo Sunnah.

Eli qela yenkolo isici esasenza, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "takyyya". Yeyona ukukwazi ukwenza nangokwamasiko kwezinye iinkolelo Alawite, lo gama kugcinwe izimvo zabo egeza. Eli qela evaliweyo, apho kukho iseti ndlela kunye neengcamango.

US, US, Salafi, Alawites zichasene omnye komnye. Oku kubonakala xa ithile enoba kukancinane okanye. Alawites ebizwa polytheists, njengoko abameli imiyalelo ngokugqibeleleyo, abe umonakalo omkhulu benkolo yamaSilamsi ngaphezu "amaRoma."

Eneneni ukholo eyahlukileyo elunqulweni. Alawites kuhlanganiswa zibe sezulu inkqubo Islam kunye ubuKristu. Bakholelwa e Ali Muhammad kunye Salman al-isiFarsi, ngelixa ephawula Ista, iKrismesi, ukubeka Isa (uYesu) kunye nabapostile. Kunqulo Alawites ukufunda iVangeli. Sunnis baphile ngoxolo kunye Alawites. Iingxabano baqhatha abantu silwe-nye nonke, anjenge-Wahhabis.

Salafis

Sunnis unokuvelisa Zininzi iindawo kwiqela lwabo lonqulo bengabakho amaSilamsi ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Salafis omnye umbutho onjalo.

Zenza izimvo zabo ezisisiseko kwi-9-14 kwiinkulungwane th. indlela yabo esisiseko umgaqo uthathwa ukuba balandele indlela yokuphila yiminyanya, owakukhupha waphila yobulungisa.

Kwihlabathi, kuquka eRashiya, kukho malunga nezigidi ezingama-50 Salafis. Abayi kwamkela naziphi na ezintsha malunga nokutolikwa yokholo. Oku kuthiwa esisiseko. Salafis abakholelwa kuThixo omnye, bagxeke ezinye imisinga Muslim, ivumela wena ukuba wenze ukutyhilwa kwale Qur'an Sunnah. Ngenxa yazo, ukuba ezinye iindawo kwezi zonqulo ezi Akukwazi ukuba umntu, kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngendlela apho okubhaliweyo thaca.

Kwilizwe lethu, amaSilamsi, le meko, kukho abantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-20. Kakade ke, lo Salafis eRashiya naye ekhaya kuluntu ezincinane. ukungafunwa Okuninzi bevakalise amaKristu kunye "amaRoma 'Shiites nezakhi zawo ukuqukuqela.

Wahhabis

Enye imiyalelo olutsha Wahhabis ezinkulu abambele unqulo Islamic. Baba uqala efana Salafists. Wahhabis ukuthi ezintsha elukholweni, uyawalwela ingqikelelo sihamba. Bona abasamkeli yonke into hayi kwi-Islam. Noko ke, lwentando ye Wahhabis isimo sabo ndlongondlongo kunye nendlela abaqonda ngayo imigaqo esisiseko abangamaSilamsi.

Oku kuvele ebudeni benkulungwane ye-18. It intshukumo pobornicheskoe evela umshumayeli Nejad Muhammad Abdel Wahhab. Wayefuna ukuba "nyulu" Islam evela ezintsha. Phantsi nale, zilungelelaniswe uvukelo, ekuthi ngalo elalithinjwe kumazwe asebumelwaneni eliyi ka-Al-eSaudi.

Ngenkulungwane ye-19 intshukumo Wahhabi yoyiswa Ottoman. 150 kamva, wakwazi ukuvuselela ngcinga Al Saud Abdelaziiz. Woyisa abachasi bakhe Central Arabia. Ngowe-1932 ukuba wadalwa urhulumente Saudi Arabia. Ekuphuhlisweni kwimihlaba yeoli lwemali US zazamazama emlanjeni Wahhabi clan.

Xa 70s zenkulungwane lokugqibela, ngexesha lemfazwe e Afghanistan, izikolo Salafi ziye zasekwa. Bona enxibe uhlobo olukhulu ideology Wahhabi. Fighters abakulungeleyo kula maziko, ebizwa ngokuba Mujahideen. Le intshukumo unxulunyaniswa ubunqolobi.

Ngokungafaniyo imigaqo Wahhabi-Cartoon of salafitizma

Ukuze siqonde ukuba ngubani na Salafis kwaye Wahhabis, cinga imigaqo zazo ziphambili eceleni. Abaphandi bathi le zoluntu ezimbini zonqulo phakathi intsingiselo efanayo. Nakuba kunjalo, kufuneka ahluka ukusuka Salafi intshukumo takfiritskogo.

Namhlanje, inyaniso kukuba Salafis abasamkeli ukutolika ezintsha imigaqo yonqulo yamandulo. Ngokuthenga kwicala olukhulu uphuhliso, bayakuyeka imiqondo yabo esisiseko. Nkqu ukubabiza amaSilamsi inokuba a elula. Bona ahlangene Islam kuphela nesokuvuma mthombo uphambili Quran ilizwi Allah. Ezinye Wahhabis ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo ukusuka Salafi Cartoon. konke kuxhomekeke kuwe ababaluleke ngegama eqhelekileyo. Salafis ezi abameli ayinyaniso iqela elikhulu of US Muslims. Musa ukubhidanisa ngazo amahlelo olukhulu. Salafis kwaye Wahhabis, nto leyo yahluke ngokupheleleyo, baneembono ezahlukeneyo zenkolo.

Ngoku la maqela mabini bachasayo sinonimiziruyut akuboni eziphosakeleyo. Wahhabi-Salafi yamkela ngokuzithandela imigaqo esisiseko yokholo kwabo njengabaphambukeli ngokupheleleyo iinkalo Islam. Ngokuzichasa umzimba lonke ulwazi (ngenqindi) ayihambi amaSilamsi ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Salafis kunye Sunnis, leyo umahluko ikhona kuphela kwezinye iimboniselo kwezenkolo, ngokungafaniyo Wahhabis. Ukusuka yokugqibela ukuba izimvo ezahlukileyo umthetho.

Enyanisweni, lo Wahhabis kuthabathe yonke imigaqo endala amaSilamsi kunye ezintsha, ukudala sharihad yakho (ulawulo unqulo yommandla). Bengenaxesha yezikhumbuzo, amangcwaba amandulo, yaye uMprofeti kugqalwa nomlamli phakathi koThixo nabantu, ngaphandle kokuba phambi kwabo eziqhelekileyo bonke Muslims ukumangala. Ngokutsho kwimigaqo yamaSilamsi, jihad Akukho nto inokulinganiswa ngokuzithandela.

Wahhabism livumelekile ebomini sikweni, kodwa emva kokuba ulwamkelo "ukufa olilungisa" (imbabala ngokwabo yokubulala "amaRoma") liqinisekisiwe indawo ezulwini. Islam iqwalasela ukuzibulala sisono eyoyikekayo ukuba ayikwazi kuxolelwa.

Umongo emibonweni

Salafis zingqamene ngempazamo kunye Wahhabis. Nangona ideology zazo elivumelana Sunnis. Kodwa ke izinto zehlabathi lanamhlanje phantsi Salafi-Wahhabi ithathwa ukuba ibhekisele takfiritov. Ukuba uthatha ezi maqela zibe ixabiso, ezilinyaziweyo, ungakhetha iqela umahluko.

Salafis, sakulahla ubuntu babo oyinyaniso, ukwahlula emibonweni, cinga bonke abanye njengabawexuki ndifanele kukohlwaywa. Salafis aba US, phezu koko, nkqu amaKristu namaYuda zibizwa ngokuba "Abantu of the Book," abathi inkolelo ekuqaleni. Baya bahlalisene ngoxolo kunye nezinye izimvo.

Ukuze siqonde ukuba ngubani na Salafis e Islam, simele sinikele ingqalelo inyaniso omnye eyahlula langoku evela amahlelo vo zinjalo (leyo, enyanisweni, ngaba Wahhabis).

Salafis US musa yamkela ukutolika abatsha imithombo yamandulo ukuthanda Allah. A amaqela ezintsha ezinkulu andibacekisele, ngokubuyisela kwiimbono lokwenyaniso kukholekileyo siseko. Kuyinto nje indlela yokulawula abantu ngeenjongo zabo ukuba baphumeze amandla ngakumbi.

Oku ayikho Islam kwaphela. Ngapha koko, imigaqo yayo engundoqo, imilinganiselo kunye nezinto ezingcwele zemka, kunyathelwa nezingqinekayo zobuxoki. Endaweni yoko, xa iingqondo zabantu babeka iingqiqo iqembu elibusayo elinyiweyo elilungileyo zokuziphatha. It is a ungamandla etshabalalisayo ukuba obona wokumsiza ukubulawa kwabasetyhini, abantwana kunye nabantu abadala.

ubutshaba ekuvaleni

Lokumba umbuzo ngubani Salafis, kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba kusetyenziswe le ngcinga iintshukumo zonqulo kwi iinjongo nanceba elibusayo iimfazwe kwamafutha elite nongquzulwano egazi. Ngeli xesha kukho utshintsho yamandla. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba ibe ngunobangela kwengxabano fratricidal ukholo lwabantu bakaThixo.

Njengoko amava amazwe amaninzi basempumalanga, ukuba bahlalisene ngoxolo babe ngamalungu zombini isebe yobu Islam. Oku kungenzeka indawo kokufanayo abasemagunyeni ngokunxulumene kwiimbono zonqulo koluntu ngalunye. Nawuphi na umntu kufuneka akwazi ukuziqhelanisa ukholo ukuba acinga efanelekileyo, hayi ngokuthi Kwaya - iintshaba.

Umzekelo ngokuhlalisana uxolo phakathi ngabalandeli iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo benkolo yamaSilamsi kumi intsapho ka waseSiriya nguMongameli Bashada Assad. Uthi indawo Alawite, kodwa umfazi wakhe Cartoon. Yena igubha zombini Muslim Cartoon Eid al-ADF kunye Christian yePasika.

Siphengulule ideology zonqulo Muslim, sinako ukuqonda malunga ngokubanzi, ngubani Salafis. Nangona bagqiba ukuchonga kunye Wahhabis, eli lokwenene le nkolelo kude iimbono ezinjalo Islam. Rough Ukubuyisela-siseko engundoqo yonqulo Mpuma elilungileyo elibusayo imigaqo elite kukhokelela kukuqinisa kongquzulwano phakathi kwamalungu oluntu zonqulo ezahlukeneyo kwegazi.