Ivan Ilyin - isithandi, ummeli kunye yekhasi

Iingcamango washumayela uIvan Ilyin,-sobulumko ngobabalo lukaThixo, ngoku lufumana imvuselelo. Abantu abaninzi baye babe urhulumente yokuqala ukucaphula ambeke iintyatyambo phezu ingcwaba lakhe. Oku kuba ngamandla yinqaba kuba sobulumko Russian Ivan Ilyin wayedla zibalwa phakathi neengcamango Socialism yeSizwe kunye iniyo-Fascism. Yintoni ngokwenene ntoni?

slavjanofilstvo

Ivan Ilyin - sobulumko Russian, lomthonyama, eBha- 1922 kwi "bulumko" njengoko isikhephe ngaphandle naseRussia njengohlobo ngokupheleleyo musa ukwamkela yolawulo yezopolitiko esekwe kwilizwe lakhe. Slavjanofilstvo kuwo umgxothwa okanye yokushiywa, okanye nostalgia buhlungu - Russian wayemthanda ngentliziyo yakhe yonke. Revolution lusoloko waqonda njengokuba isifo lizwe, nto leyo kungekudala kuya kwenzeka, yaye emva koko kuza imvuselelo. Ivan Ilyin, sobulumko Russian ka Russian wacinga rhoqo, ubomi bakhe elinde iiyure zayo recovery kwaye iinzame zabo ukusondela kuye.

iingxelo bulumko ezi ubugcisa: akukho ngaphandle izakhono kunye nobomi engaphakathi komphefumlo. Kunye nenkolo usoloko kubaluleke ngaphezu kobomi, kuba siphela ubomi. Noko ke, ubomi ngumbandela bulumko umthombo wayo, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu. Okulungileyo, imibuzo efanelekileyo - Akukho ubugcisa ngaphantsi kwe iimpendulo ekunene. Nazi ukucinga kanye zokusingatha le miba ezinkulu uIvan Ilyin,-sobulumko kunye Slavophile, wayesebenza ubomi bakhe bonke.

ubuzwe

Ukufunda iincwadi, ingakumbi imibongo, Ivan Aleksandrovich ingqalelo ilingana clairvoyance kwi kokufa lakhe, kwaye, ngokwendlela uluhlu ukufunda, lukhulu wayenokuthi kakhulu umntu ongamaziyo. Sobulumko wafanisa abafundi isipha seentyatyambo eqokelelwe ngexesha ukufunda, yaye bekholelwa ukuba umntu umele ukuba abe kanye oko ukufunda iincwadi.

Gcina uqobo "uphawu Russian", okt ubuzwe ngengqiqo emitsha yelizwi, phantse akunakwenzeka, ngokutsho Ilyin, ukuba uthando imibongo yi ziimbongi Russian abathi abaprofeti kazwelonke, kunye neemvumi yesizwe. Russian, uthando kunye kwimibongo, akakwazi denationalized, nokuba iimeko kufuna ngayo.

Anti-ubukomanisi

Ivan Ilyin - sobulumko yokuziphatha kobuKristu. Yena ingqalelo socialism nangokungabahloniphi ubukomanisi wathetha ngumsindo nesele: socialism terroristich, yileyo kunye elinomona, kunye ubukomanisi ephuma kulo azihlubayo kwaye ngokukhululekileyo, ngolunya. Noko ke, wayengakwazi ukuba abazi ukuba nezazi Russian belisoloko batyebe (kwaye kuyaphela) kwiSocialism uyaqina, yayikufuphi kuye kufutshane nje kwiingcamango Paris Thethani (inkululeko, ukulingana, ubuzalwana olobusoshiyali, hayi ubugrogrisi), kunye nenkqubo eyodwa ngaphezulu nezazi bobusoshiyali wayengafuni.

Ilyin uphendula imibuzo efana Njengomhlaziyi zakudala, ngubani wafunda inkolo nenkcubeko: zizifundiswa aphenjelelwa enengqondo imfundo "Western", oko ilahlekile phantse ngokupheleleyo lokuba abantu Russian ukholo lwamaKristu, kodwa izandla ezimbini ebambelele ekuziphatheni kobuKristu. Yiloo nto kuba nemigaqo emiselwe nocwangco ekuhlaleni, kodwa hayi isibakala ukuba kugcinwa iziseko ubomi benene phantsi socialism.

Fascism

Ilina iimbono malunga Baphela ngokwenene Fascism oogxa bethu nje kuphela, kodwa abantu abaqhelekileyo ezikrelekrele. Yena wayevela eRashiya elubhacweni, sasihlala eJamani, xa imvelaphi iSocialism yeSizwe, wafundisa kweli ziko, nangona Russian, kodwa kwi league jikelele Aubert - umbutho anti-yobukomanisi, nto leyo babengafuni naziphi unxulumano lobuchule kunye eSoviet Union, bogey ngesothuso obomvu , kunye negalelo imisebenzi yabo bonke imikhosi anti-yobukomanisi. Ngaphezu koko, kuwo igqitha ulwazi sobulumko ilin Ivan Aleksandrovich wabeka andinakuyila- hla nokudalwa lo mbutho notorious, njengomnye kwabayili yayo. Sagcina, ngasendleleni, de-1950 - ngoko ke ukunamathela waguquka.

In Auber League bonke ezikhoyo ngexesha imibutho ngokungenalusini karhulumente, nkqu Party samaNazi benxenye uMussolini. Ilyin bakholwa Fascism intshukumo ngokwanelisayo usempilweni, luncedo, kwaye kuyimfuneko, ekubeni sisiphumo kubangelwa Bolshevism njengoko ilungelo amandla kawonke-egadile. Esithi sobulumko Russian Ilyin malunga luncedo yobuFasi akakwazi kunokubangela mvakalelo nawuphi na umntu, ngubani into efana ngexesha eSoviet. Yibilise ubushushu ezindilekileyo, kunye Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya - phambi kwamehlo akhe.

Neomonarhizm

Ilyin,-sobulumko ka Russian wabhala kakhulu, ingakumbi ekhalela ukuthi abantu Russian ndilibele njani ukuba abe ngukumkani. Ngokwembono yakhe, Russia unako ukuphila kuphela lobuzwilakhe, kuyo nayiphi na enye imeko, chaos ingxoxo. By the republic bolawulo kwilizwe lawo ke abaqondanga etshintshwe apha. Revolution eRashiya, ngokutsho Ilyin, ingozi ofayo, sobulumko ubona kulo kuphela lihlazo. Yena ngokupheleleyo ngenjongo ukulwa de kube sekupheleni, yaye umgaqo, nangayiphi na indlela, njengoko nentsebenziswano kunye nemibutho ngokungenalusini karhulumente. Ukuqhelana ukutshintsha inkqubo yena wayefuna, ndideliwe abo wabuyela eRashiya.

Sele banesifo kwi izifundo zeekholeji Ilyin kwangaphambili ngezinga eliphezulu uvuyo imfazwe phakathi iJamani kunye eSoviet Union. Indawo ukuchaza ngokucacileyo ngonaphakade. Eku sunguleni, uthelekisa Russia nomama wakhe ogulayo, yena wambuzela umfundi: ukuba ikhefu kunokwenzeka ebhedini yakhe siqinisekile ukuba unetyala zokugula kwakhe? Kwaye uphendula athi: Kakade ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuphuma. Kodwa amayeza kunye nogqirha. Ilyin wenza isigqibo sakhe. "Umama ogulayo" Oogqirha abamhlophe iphumelele ngokukhawuleza, lo gama i-zobulumko wahlala ecaleni komandlalo yakhe. Kwaye nangona uHitler wazifumana gqirha-umbulali, kodwa Woyiswa naye.

impiriyali

Russian I. A. ilin, sobulumko Russian, ingqalelo xa iyonke, kwaye oku ukhwankqe kunene ngokupheleleyo. Eli lizwe akakwazi ukwahlula ngokuchanileyo ebelapha kulo lonke ihlabathi. Kwinqaku "ntoni omzimba lehlabathi eRashiya," yena ngokuzithemba uthi ukuba akukho nje efumba laha ku enkulu kunye nezizwe ezingafani. Russia - a esiphilayo. Abo wakhala malunga inkululeko beentlanga kunye ukuzimela kwezopolitiko, Ilyin waphendula mgaqo kuqondana karhulumente yoqhekeko nobuzwe izizwe zange kwaye akukho akukenzeki. Amabali ingabonwa ubungqina obuphathekayo le yinto ehlabathini eentlanga ezininzi abo bangakwaziyo self-determination nokuzimela zikazwelonke.

Ngokutsho sobulumko, eRashiya akazibandakanyi elubhaptizweni ngenkani kunye Russification jikelele kunjalo zikhona ngokugqibeleleyo kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi njenge ubukhosi onamandla. Kulo mzekelo, Ilyin ubiza denationalization of Ukusebenzisana zamaKomanisi kunye egalitarianism wamaKomanisi, ungayifaki wena malunga izizathu ukuvela phakathi kwe revolution, "a ubukho elihle." Okunye okunika umdla kukuba iyelenqe wamazwe ngamazwe omzimba ka-Russia amaphupha ujika ube ixesha elide kakhulu.

boqobo National

Kwaye apha na zikhuliswa kunye. Nokuba Ilyin,-sobulumko ayikho bhetyebhetye kakhulu, bahexa ukusuka okwabiwa uyazifihla Fascism (nangona oku akunakwenzeka, ngokwendlela umsebenzi wakhe ngakumbi, zengqondo ayahlukanga), okanye iSocialism isiJamani yeSizwe, leyo kwinkqubo yayo engundoqo, ezininzi iingongoma ngokunxulumene non-baseJamani akambonanga e Ilyina mxhasi kakhulu abakhutheleyo iimbono ngokungenalusini karhulumente, kodwa ngowe-1938 sobulumko Russian kunye wezopolitiko ngokusondeleyo anomdla amaGestapo.

Ukongeza izifundo e Russian Institute of Russian njengoko ababhali kwi iziseko ubulungisa kunye nenkcubeko, kwakhona, Russian, malunga nekamva ukuvuselelwa Russia - hayi elalisakuba yiSoviet, unqulo ngokubanzi kunye Russian Church ngakumbi, Ilyin waba ukulungiselela Wrangel EMRO (Russian Bonke-Military Union ) ukususela ekuqalekeni eko ze khulu lokugqibela leminyaka kwaye de kube sekupheleni wempembelelo yayo eceleni. Kwakhona ilin kakuhle ngokwaneleyo wayesazi iinkokheli nakupapash - (! kwakhona imfuduka ngaphezulu) National Alliance of Solidarists Russian - yaye basebenza kakhulu ngokusondeleyo nabo, nangona nayiphi na amaqela de kube sekupheleni kobomi, akazange weza. Kunjalo, yonke imisebenzi yayo ijoliswe ngokupheleleyo nxamnye eSoviet Union.

non-angabe

abadli babonakala intanda nakwezopolitiko ukuba usondele ngokwaneleyo nabantu ngokusondeleyo ngakumbi ezinxulumene kwezinye izinto ngamnye, kodwa Ilina zarhwebisana indawo esembindini ngemisebenzi, kwizinto zentlalo. Ezi izifundo ngezihloko kwezopolitiko, uye waya kulo lonke elaseYurophu; waye e Austria, Yugoslavia, Czech Republic, Belgium, eSwitzerland, Latvia, eJamani - ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini midlalo kwiminyaka elishumi de 1938.

Eyakusenza kumaphephandaba emigre, "Ukuvuselelwa", "Russian Engasebenziyo", "yeXesha New", "Entsha", "Russia kunye nokuxubana", "Russian" - zonke iintlelo kwaye igama it. "Intsimbi Russian," wapapasha ngokwakhe. Kwaye njalo nxamnye International yesiThathu. Noko ke, aktivnichaya predfashistskoy zezopolitiko sele nzima yaseYurophu kaHitler, Illin wayazisa nonpartisan yakhe. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto amaGestapo ingqalelo kuyo ngokwaneleyo enyanisekile iSocialism National. iimpapasho bakhe baye babanjwa, wavala imfundiso, kwakunye naziphi na iingxelo esidlangalaleni.

In komhlaba

Germany wakwazi ukuhamba, kodwa ashiye usapho Ilyin wavalwa ngabasemagunyeni amaNazi. empilo ivalekile ngokupheleleyo ngenxa ukuvalwa naluphi na uhlobo lomsebenzi, nto leyo owned Ilyin. wonyulwa yokuhlala Elitsha eSwitzerland, ezityebileyo zelizwe, yaye akazange angene imfazwe. Visa afunyenwe ngoncedo abahlobo kunye nezihlobo, kwaye ngo-1938 sobulumko lahlala phezu ngaphandle Zurich e Zollikon. Papasha umsebenzi wakhe anti-yobukomanisi Ivan Ilyin zange ayeke, ukuba nje baya linga tyikitywanga, okungaziwa.

ezimakhulu mabini anantlanu iincwadi zafikelela sisodwa ROVS White Guard. Emva koko, ezi zinto yaba incwadi, "umsebenzi wethu," kodwa ashicilele Ilyin. Sobulumko, ogama iincwadi ngesiquphe wabuyela eRashiya tight ngokwaneleyo sasifunda, iimpapasho ezininzi musa ukulinda. imisebenzi yakhe ephambili, kuquka ethandwayo - "Singing Intliziyo", zapapashwa kwiminyaka 1956-1958 emva kokufa kwakhe. Kwathi kanye Ngasekupheleni kobomi bakhe, ngowe-1953, oko yapapashwa isiqwenga ukuba wabhala iminyaka engaphezu kwama-amathathu - ". Elikuwo zenkolo nakho"

memory ubuyela

Kutshanje eRashiya ziyashukuma aze angcwatywa Ilina umzimba, Shmelev kunye Denikin. Zonke amangcwaba zasekwa kwi imali buqu uMongameli V. V. yasePutina. intse- emngcwabeni Denikin iye avakalisa okokuqala, kodwa sobulumko Ilyin abantu eziphambili kweli lizwe ocatshulwe kutshanje rhoqo kakhulu. Nkqu kwiNdibano Federal uMongameli eziqulethwe a quote kunokuba elide. Links to Ilyin lahlokoma livela imilebe Attorney General Ustinov kunye noSekela Head of Administration of the yesicelo Surkov. Kakade ke, njengoko yintshatsheli wamasiko Ilyin intlonelo kakhulu ROC.