Solovetsky Monastery Uprising: A History Brief

Solovetsky Monastery Uprising, ezenzeka ukususela 1668 ngenxa 1676 yeyona ngomnye iziganeko eziphawulekayo kwimbali Russian. Olu qhankqalazo yayiququzelelwe iimonki abangafuniyo ukuya ezintsha ze uMphathi Nikon.

Solovetsky Monastery Uprising: Oonobangela

Kuba isiqalo kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba woonongendi Solovetsky ngenkulungwane ye-17, waba iziko ebalulekileyo yomkhosi ngokunxulumene imfazwe Russian-Swedish. Ngapha koko, isakhiwo bakhe enqatyisiweyo kakuhle, nto leyo inceda ukukhusela umhlaba ehlaselayo iintshaba. Ukongeza, wonke umntu owayehlala eMonastri okanye ecaleni kwakhe, yambethe yaye-baqeqeshwe kakuhle ukuze azikhusele ekuhlaselweni. Hi ndlela leyi, ngelo xesha kwakukho abemi 425. Kwaye xa zokungqinga ngumkhosi Swedish kwi woonongendi ukugcina isixa esikhulu kwezixa ukutya.

I yokuqala yabangela ukunganeliseki yokuvuselelwa abefundisi ka uBhishophu Nikon, owagweba amakholwa Old. Ngowe-1636, i-Solovetsky Monastery eBha- yonke inyanda entsha, yalungiswa ngokuhambelana ukulungiswa iincwadi zonqulo. Kodwa ke ithe, ngaphandle ujonge iincwadi komboko le itywiniweyo kwaye wathumela yokugcina izikhali. Yaba ibinzana lokuqala ukunganeliseki kunye nabasemagunyeni ebhodini.

Kufuneka kwakhona wakhumbula ukuba ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-17, kukhatshwa mvukelo rhoqo mass ngokuchasene norhulumente kunye ezintsha. Yaba kwixesha elinzima xa nkqu utshintsho zincinane unokuba ibe imvukelo ngokwenene. Kwaye Solovetsky Monastery qhankqalazo kungekho ngaphandle imithetho jikelele. Abanye ababhali-mbali baye bazama ukubeka imvukelo lendela njengoko ukuxhathisa ngabefundisi ningazi kunye nabalandeli wokholo endala.

Solovetsky Monastery Uprising kunye nokulwa

Enyanisweni, xa le mvukelo abazange kuphela neemonki woonongendi Solovetsky. Zangamawele, zithabathela ngamajoni engalawulekiyo, abalimi ababengaxolanga kunye nabalandeli Stepana Razina. Emva kokuba loo mvukelo wemvula sele ifumene inentsingiselo kwezopolitiko.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kwiminyaka yokuqala embalwa, phantse akukho ukulwa iqatshelwe. Lo kumkani wayenethemba isisombululo ngoxolo ngumba ontununtunu ngolo hlobo. Umzekelo, imikhosi karhulumente ihamba ukuya Solovetsky Islands ehlotyeni kuphela. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa abaye bazama, nangona ngokungeyompumelelo, ukuvimbela unxibelelwano ziimonki mvukeli nezwe. Kamsinya nje phambili kuyabanda, abantu bafuduka Sumy entolongweni. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba uninzi ngenxa yabatoli nje ityatyambile na ekhaya. Esi sikhundla elinoxolo noko ke igcinwe kude 1674.

Ku ri na ngo 1674, urhulumente bafumanisa ukuba ngaphandle woonongendi ethe khotsho ezantsi Kozhevnikov, Sarafanov Razin kunye nabanye abazalwana ezingalweni. Ukususela ngoko waqalisa ezi ukuhlaselwa, leyo ababehamba imibingelelo. Urhulumente uye wavumela imisebenzi esebenzayo emkhosini, kubandakanywa ukusetyenziswa kweziqhushumbisi kweendonga woonongendi.

Kwaye ngoDisemba 1675 lendela ndagqiba kwelokuba ndithandaze ayisafuneki ukumkani. Oku "ezintsha" nto wayethanda bonke abavukeli, ngoko inxenye kubo kwafuneka benze ngexesha entolongweni monastery.

Solovetsky Monastery Uprising: iziphumo

Nangona rhoqo, zokungqinga non-stop neziqhushumbisi-SAPS, imikhosi urhulumente akazange ukuphatha ndzulu iindonga weemonki. NgoJanuwari 1677 abavukeli bayishiya Chernets Feoktist, ngubani ngoko nangoko zaya amajoni kukumkani. Yaba yena waxelela ukuba sneak njani woonongendi.

Ebusuku, lo yokuqala kaFebruwari amahlanu streltsi unkabi ukungena kwikroba lokuvula encinane imfihlelo (window ukuthwala amanzi) loonongendi igumbi yokomisa. Emva koko, amajoni avuleka namasango Ke zona eziseleyo-mkhosi.

Entendelezweni abavukeli-30 ababezama ukuba alwe uhlaselo, kodwa watsho phantsi - ukulwa ukungalingani. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba kule mini phakathi kweendonga woonongendi ziimonki kuba beziphantse ukumka - ezinye zazo ukuphuma endlwini ngaphandle kwemvume, ngoxa abanye bagxothwa. Ababingeleli emininzi baye bavalelwa kwi woonongendi - Bakuba bekhululwe enkululekweni, amajoni karhulumente.

Ngaloo kwimvukelo Solovetskoe wayeka. Ngenxa yoko, kuye kubulawa bavukeli malunga-30, lo gama abanye uthunyelwe entolongweni.