Ibinzana elithi "Stolypin necktie": oko kuthetha?

UPyotr Stolypin waba laseburhulumenteni, a wenguquko enkulu. Wazalwa ngo-1862 e Dresden wafa eKiev ngo-1911. Maxa wambi, Stolypin wayebambe izikhundla ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, waba yalelani yesithili yezikhulu Kovno kunye Grodno Saratov Rhuluneli, iNkulumbuso kunye noMphathiswa nkqubo lwangaphakathi.

curriculum vitae

Kwimbali Russia kwinkulungwane yama-20 Stolypin yaziwa njenge laseburhulumenteni kunye wenguquko. ebalulekileyo kakhulu indima yakhe yaba kwezithandani isiyaluyalu 1905-1907. Ngowe-1906, Nicholas II, wamthembisa nesithuba balungiselele-nkqubo yangaphakathi. ixesha elithile emva kokuba itshitshisiwe ngurhulumente kunye State Duma lo intlanganiso yokuqala. Stolypin, ke, wamiselwa inkulumbuso. Ukusuka isikhundla sakhe esitsha, elaliliphethe de ekufeni kwakhe, wachitha khona amatyala ezimbalwa. Nakule eli thuba iphawulwe njengo yokuvuselelwa kwemihlaba. Umxholo iphambili nguqulelo kukugcina kwintshayelelo kumashishini abucala amafama komhlaba. Umthetho esamkelwa kwiinkundla-karate kwaqiniswa isohlwayo emacaleni anzima. Kamva, Stolypin yagxekwa ngenxa ngqongqo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto ukuba zenzeke, iNkulumbuso, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba zemstvos intshayelelo amaphondo entshona, kokulinganisela ukuzimela i-Grand Duchy of Finland, kokupheliswa Duma Second, kwi utshintsho umthetho lonyulo. Zonke ezi nguqulelo ziye negalelo kwezithandani isiyaluyalu 1905-1907. NoPetros Abramovich umsebenzi bophelela amabinzana amabini aye ezinamaphiko: "Stolypin necktie" yaye "Stolypin buyo". La mabinzana mabini, ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, ukungcolisa igama wenguquko. Makhe sihlolisise ezinye yintoni ebangela mbono.

"Stolypin necktie"

Eli binzana ethandwayo ngokusisigxina ngawe igama inkokeli Russian elikhulu. Peter Arkadevich zizakubalulwa izakhono zabo oratorical. Kuye nje kuqinisekiswa yeentlanganiso Duma. On omnye kubo, yaye kubonisa "necktie Stolypin kaThixo". Unyaka apho isiganeko yenzekile - 1907. Intlanganiso yabanjwa ngoNovemba 17 (inqaku ubudala.). Umbhali kweli binzana "Stolypin necktie" (photo wenguquko thaca kweli nqaku) - Fedor Rodichev. Le ngodaba odumileyo ngoko akhwela aye eqongeni. Ukuqala intetho yakhe kwabangela nobudenge phakathi ePalamente. Eqhubeka intetho yakhe, ngokuya Rodichev waphulukana nephuku. Yaye kufanelekile wobulali likhumbula ibinzana elithi "Muravyevsky ikhola" Purishkevich. Kwakumalunga imisebenzi General Muravyov ezinxulumene ekuvalweni kwimvukelo Polish ngo-1863. Ngokutsho umbhalo we intlanganiso ethe yabanjwa, ngoko Rodichev wathi: "Yintoni eye ngokuba Muravievskaya ikhola uya kamva obizwa ngokuba" necktie Stolypin kaThixo "Ukuchaza awamnika sona Rodichev, ababephethe intambo ngenxa emthini ..

amasekela asabela

On iholo nangoko kwabaneka wave entsha wobhavumo. Amasekela yonke bekhwaza ukuba anyeliswe ummeli uMlawuli egxugxileyo embi. Ke abathile kuwo bemka baya eqongeni, ezama ukunyanzela ukuba ukutsala off Rodicheva. Amasekela waba ezahlukeneyo iimbono kwezopolitiko kunye nezimvo. Noko ke, nangona oku, bonke babonisa isimo sabo embi kakhulu kweso sehlo. Ngodaba kwaye sele wagxeka Purishkevich. Ngenxa yoko, uphazanyiswe intlanganiso uDuma. baphuma eholweni kwi ekhala yokuqala luthuthu kunye elugcwabevu Stolypin yena. USihlalo Duma Khomyakov kunye nabaphathiswa bamlandela.

"Isiganeko amandla"

Stolypin, njengoko igosa lakomkhulu, ngexesha lekhefu wanika Whites lucelomngeni Kungquzulwano. Ngoko nangoko emva kokufumana iindaba Rodichev wakhawuleza kuPetros Arkadevichu kwaye phambi kwamangqina amaninzi uxolo Wazohlwaya ulwaphulo-mthetho. Stolypin wabaxolela ngodaba. On kwesi siganeko iye yazinziswa. Iindaba yokuthethelela Rodicheva pretty ngokukhawuleza ngahamba namabamba, yazizisa ekudambiseni iindimbane. Noko ke, Ngokutsho okuzibonela, emva kwesi sehlo, Stolypin akazange aphinde wolula isandla sakhe Rodichev. Duma nangoko wathabatha amanyathelo. Ngokuba ibinzana yakhe "Stolypin necktie" Rodichev yasuswa kwiintlanganiso-15.

"Intsomi of the wenguquko"

Isiganeko bahlale inxalenye yembali. Nangona kunjalo, le ntsomi waqalisa ukuphila ubomi bam. Nokungeniswa kwiBolsheviks, ibinzana elithi "Stolypin necktie" na isohlwayo abantu abamsulwa izigqibo zeenkundla-karate, nto leyo eyalinika igunya wenguquko. Komnye amanqaku akhe wabhala owawuvela Arkadeviche njenge "hangmen abaziintloko pogrom-abenzi, zilungiselele wena sesithuba solungiselelo uthuthumbisa abalimi."

imbali olunye

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, iiBolsheviks angamxoleli Stolypin koMthetho iinkundla karate, apho wazama ukucima amadangatye kwabaneenkani, ukuphelisa ukuphanga nogonyamelo kwe revolution ka-1905-1907. Ukongeza, kuphuculo alulibazisayo uhlaselo yemvukelo-1917. Xa intsomi amandla eSoviet ngokubhadulela kwincwadi elinye kwimbali kwezinye. Ibinzana elithi "Stolypin necktie" phantsi kwempembelelo ulawulo lwamaKomanisi waba emfutshane. Ngesinye isihlandlo, uPetros Abramovich umsebenzi yotshintsho yonke lancitshiswa kuphela kweli binzana. Kule fomu, ibinzana elithi "tayi Stolypin", eneneni, kwaye iye yasinda unanamhla.

Mbiko vo

Ngokutsho uphando, omnye social networks imbali kanye imbonakalo ibinzana elithi "Stolypin necktie" uyazi%-22 kuphela Abamangalelwa. 9% yabaphenduleyo ivakalise ukuba olu hlobo wacaphuka abantu ezinkulu kangako ingcinezelo, isishwankathelo kunye iitsheki iindawo 'revolution ". 9% yabaphenduleyo ivakalise imbono ukuba abafundi befashoni ngelo xesha iqhina, othwele Stolypin. Phantse 49% yabaphenduleyo ivakalise ukuba ndlela wenguquko yayiqinisa le irhintyela ngesothuso.

"Stolypin wagon"

Le yenye intsomi, iyazeya ngokulandela igama wenguquko. Iikhosi imisebenzi yayo Stolypin wamnika kubaluleke gqitha ukuba imimandla olusempuma bukhosi. Ethetha ngo-1908, ngoMatshi 31, i-Duma State kwintlanganiso ngomhla ukwenzeka sokwakha Amur kaloliwe, wathi ukuba iRussia luphawu ukhozi-headed ezimbini. Ukhangela ukuya empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ntaka-angqukuva single nalo womelele, Stolypin, Noko ke, wabonisa ukuba, ukuba kunqunyulwa intloko mnye, ukhozi elineentloko ezimbini babe namandla, nto nje yophe. Kunye engundoqo ulawulo lomhlaba ulawulo kunye nezolimo Krivoshein, Peter Abramovich ngowe-1910, wenza i uhambo uhlolo kummandla iVolga kunye Western eSiberia.

wenguquko Policy

Imisebenzi ngokuphathelele eSiberia Stolypin yayikukukhuthaza ukufuduka emdeni wabo simahla abalimi abasuka kwimimandla yaseYurophu. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo yaba yinxalenye yokuvuselelwa kwemihlaba. Ngenxa yoko, eSiberia, wafudukela abantu abaphantse babe zizigidi ezi-3. Kwingingqi zeAltai ngethuba le nguqulelo eyasekwayo zokuhlala ngaphezulu kwama 3400. Baya kuhlala abantu abangaphezu kwama-600 000, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba malunga nama-22% yabemi kwisithili sonke. bahlali yamahlwempu wangena kusasazwe malunga 3.4 yezigidi dessiatines yomhlaba engenanto.

abalimi zokuhamba

Ngowe-1910, iimoto abakhethekileyo kwakhelwa bahlali. Ayehlukile evela njengesiqhelo. Umahluko kukuba yinxalenye buyo mgapha kobubanzi sele enqatyisiweyo off. Kuye senzelwe ukuba buyo lwe Sasungulwa imfuyo kunye nemfuyo. Kamva, nokufika amandla Soviet, iigridi babekwa zililo xa window. Iinqwelwana ziye zasetyenziswa ukuqalisa ukuthumela cams kunye nezinye 'iinkokeli anti-revolution' e Central Asia and eSiberia.

umbono Solzhenitsyn

Kwincwadi yakhe "The Gulag Archipelago," umbhali uchaza imbali yeemoto ezinjalo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Solzhenitsyn - fan Stolypin. Ukumela wenguquko, kwiincwadi zakhe, wazama ukuba siyeke iintsomi ezikhoyo ngokuphathelele igama Peter Abramovich. Abe lilalela ibinzana elithi "Stolypin" umbhali ecetywayo imoto "kaStalin". Ngoko ke, kukho singenazo zonke iinjongo ezilungileyo Abahlaziyi. Noko ke, ukuba Stolypin akwazi zokucwangcisa Rodicheva ngenxa yokumngcikiva ngoko ukunqanda ubuxoki yena akasekho esebenzayo.

Ekuphetheni

Ayephila, ethetha Stolypin, ngentlonelo ezikhethekileyo bathetha ngayo ngaphandle koloyiko yakhe. Ngomhla wenguquko eyayicwangciselwe zona, yaye bulawa ngenxa yonke imisebenzi yayo elinanye. Owokugqibela senzeka Kiev. Le wenguquko adubula nguDmitry Bagrov. Ngeli mzamo, Stolypin waye ngoncwino longxwelerhiweyo. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, uPetros Abramovich wafa. Imisebenzi Stolypin yayibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso bukhosi. wokuguqula ifakiwe kwimbali njengenye kakhulu ngempumelelo. amabinzana amaninzi Stolypin ndathetha kubo iintlanganiso Duma, waba ezimaphiko.