Iisampulu komoya kweli gumbi. Iindlela zokusampula lomoya

Ukuze ubone ukufumaneka kwezinto eziyingozi kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukhetho ukuqala kweesampuli moya. Le nkqubo ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye onzima. Oku kungenxa yokuba nkqu kunye neziphumo zohlalutyo ichanekileyo ayilunganga air kukopha impahla ophambene. Ngenxa yokuba kukho inani kweemfuneko le nkqubo:

• Kufuneka ufumane isampulu, okuhambelana ukwakhiwa eyiyo zezulu;
• inokuqokelelana isampuli ayinqwenelayo isixa into efunekayo ukuba andibhaqwa elebhu.

isampuli Air kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• isimo ukulinganiswa kwento kwi kokusingqongileyo (i kutshizwe amafu, igesi, umphunga);
• chemical kunokwenzeka intsebenziswano kwento kunye engqongileyo bume komoya;
• inani zizinto emoyeni;
• indlela kuphando.

Ngethuba lokwenza uphando elebhu usebenzisa iindlela ngeendlela kweesampula lomoya. Eyona ziqhelekileyo - Eskom kunye nendlela yokukhetha isitya.

indlela mgomo

Yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo nobunono. Olona phawu yale ndlela sikuko Eskom. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba ziphandwe emoyeni ukuhluza usebenzisa izinto ezikhethekileyo, ezinako ukukulumkisela ukufunxa kubalulekile ethile zonke therethrough edlulayo. Le nto kuthiwa izifunxi medium. Ilishwa Eskom indlela isampulu umoya:

• Le yinkqubo onzima kakhulu.
• Kuthatha ixesha elide (malunga nemizuzu engama-30). Ngeli xesha kunokwenzeka avareji abasuka into enetyhefu. A ndzo wacela izinto kwindawo emoyeni iinguqu kakhulu ngokukhawuleza. Iindlela zokusampula zezulu olwenziwe ngamagcisa.

Ukukhetha kwizikhongozelo

Le ndlela luphawulwa ngesantya yayo. Isetyenziswa xa mda imali encinane umoya test kwaye akukho mfuneko yokuba beqokelela le analyte ayinqwenelayo kwisampulu. Ngaloo ndlela nokukhethwa iindidi zezikhongozeli ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nempahla: iisilinda, iibhotile, iisirinji kunye pipettes igesi kunye negumbi irabha. Le isampuli air nqubo bukhali kwaye ichanekile.

Ekusebenzeni isebenzisa iindidi ezahlukeneyo cleaner. Elula kubo - amanzi. Esi sixhobo ukukhiwa umoya siqulathe iperi iibhotile zeglasi ezifanayo, apho pre-ukukala. Le mpahla iqulathe malunga 3-6 yeelitha, okuthintela wokuvala, apho zifumaneka ngemibhobho emibini kwiglasi. Enye yazo elide yaye ifikelela emazantsi ibhotile, kunye nezinye - omfutshane, aphela ngezantsi nje isiciko. zohlobo Long isibini Iibhotile enxulumene kwesibambi rubber tube. Kuba short ujoyina absorber. Xa eligaqa wavula, amanzi abetheka kungena isitya esingenanto ibekwe ngaphezu omnye apho ulwelo ekuqaleni. Ngeli xesha, ngaphezu kwamanzi oko kwenzeka ongenawo apho umoya ukumvumela ngokusebenzisa absorber zihlalutywe. Isantya soakage loo ukusuka kwiilitha 0.5 ukuya 2 sekhinzi ngomzuzu kwaye umthamo umoya ocande absorber, ngokufanayo umlinganiselo wamanzi ukuba ingavela umendo eliphezulu ukuya ebhotileni asezantsi.

Lendlela ixesha elide yaye yenye kakhulu ezinzima. elektroaspirator ezisebenzisekayo ingqalelo Migunova. Esi sixhobo idibanisa i blower zombane kunye rheometer nto leyo flowmeters zeglasi-ityhubhu, ezimbini ezo ezifunekayo ukuze umlinganiselo ukhetho isantya zezulu, kunye nabanye ababini ziyilelwe ngesantya esiphezulu. Isantya Low uvela 0.1 ukuya ku-1 L / min, enkulu - ukusuka kwiilitha enye ukuya ku-20 ngomzuzu. Inxalenye esezantsi elidityaniswe ihlangene rotameters ofakwe kwi phambi kwisixhobo. Ezi imibhobho edibanisayo oxhulumene kunye rubber kwimibhobho absorptive izixhobo. Ngenxa kule lungiselelo ngaxeshanye ungakhetha iisampuli nje ezine. Indawo yayo ephezulu uba handle kwemithambo rotameter ezo lithathwe okufanayo isabelo ngaphambili. Kuyanceda ukuba ekulawuleni isantya isampuli umoya.

Umgaqo ukusebenza kwalo sixhobo iza kuxhomekeka kukuba ngexesha network ziguquka ngumntu injini yombane yokubolekisana plane blower. Ngelo xesha linye xi sicuthiwe izindlu zawo. Kwaye ke umoya, ifowuni ibekwe, ucanda nemilomo. Emva koko ke kuvela phandle. ixesha Ukufunda elichithwa sicatshulwa wayo ngokusebenzisa aspirator nesantya bayo kumiselwa umthamo komoya edlula isixhobo yokufunxa encamathele esatsiba.

absorbers abakhoyo zenzelwe ukuba ubumdaka imichiza emoyeni ngokusebenzisa amajelo eqinileyo kunye engamanzi. Kwaye olubi, yaye eliphakathi ikhethiwe hayi chance ngaye. Oku kuthatha ingqalelo imeko isambuku izinto abapasileyo isifundo. Kananjalo ke imfuneko kuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano elide ukwimo ngokwayo kunye izifunxi medium.

Kwimeko apho iziyobisi vavanyo luba yirhasi okanye umphunga emoyeni eninzi enkulu, indlela yokufumanisa ukuba ethe-ethe kakhulu, ngoko, oko, kufuneka imiqulu ezincinane lahlaziya emoyeni. Oku kufuna ubuchule isampulu cross-yecandelo. Kuba aba ukusetyenziswa yerabha camera ulinganiswe iibhotile kunye neempahla, ukuba iilitha-1 ukuya kwezi-5, yaye sokukhetha umbala irhasi 100-500 ml. Noko ke, irabha camera zingasetyenziswa kuphela xa into test ayifani ncam kusabela ngerabha. Kubo, umoya awugcinwanga ngaphezu kweeyure ezintathu. Impontshelwa ngasemva pump ngebhayisekile. Kuba izifundo umoya idluliselwa ibhotile yongqanianiso okanye enye scavenger ezifanele medium.

indlela exchange Selection

Xa sasifunda pipettes igesi komoya zigcwaliswe kunye neebhotile, indlela enjalo ibizwa indlela exchange.

Umoya ukuba ikufanele ukuba iimvavanyo elebhu, ophephuka ngokusebenzisa dropper okanye ibhotile amaxesha amaninzi. Le sokukhetha umbala izaliswe impompo rubber ibhalbhu. Oku kunokwenzeka kunye ezinjengeetheminali evulekileyo okanye iitephu ukuba. Xa yesampulu Ekupheleni kokuba zivalwe. Kwimeko nesandi sidlalwe ibhotile, oko ifakwe ngesiciko kunye ngemibhobho emibini negilasi. Ezi iziphelo zangaphandle netyhubhu yerabha eqhotyoshelweyo yamasango. Phambi kokuba uqale ngokukhetha umboniso ziyasuswa. Ke kaloku omnye kwimibhobho ajoyine mpompo okanye zerabha ingxowa. Ngoko ke ibhotile leyo zihlanjululwe umoya phantsi amaxesha uphando amaninzi. Ekupheleni isampuli ityhubhu ukudlulela umboniso.

indlela cleaner

Iisampulu komoya kwelo gumbi yakho usebenzisa ibhotile ubukhulu-gauge. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukudala emoyeni kuyo impompo okhethekileyo Komovskogo. Umoya ukuhlolwa ukumvumela ukusuka ibhotile ukuya uxinzelelo lentsalela ukuba isusela ukususela-10 ukuya kwi-15 mm HG. Emva koko kufuneka uvale eligaqa kwi ityhubhu yerabha. Yahlukanisa ukusuka isitya kwimpompo. Ke kaloku, ekupheleni iglasi yerabha ityhubhu ukufaka stick. On-site isampuli umgqomo kuvulwa. Ngokukhawuleza ezaliswe uxinzelelo lomoya nge ukulingana. Ngokutsho ekupheleni ubone ikliphu kwiglasana ebethelelwa, kwaye indawo umngxuma ityhubhu rubber wabeka stick yeglasi.

indlela abachitha

Air yesampulu sokukhetha umbala okanye ibhotile irhasi gauge zaveliswa. Bazele ulwelo ezizodwa, apho kufuneka sisabele kunye kweziyobisi uvavanyo ingakumbi ukunyibilika kuyo. Ukuze ezi njongo basoloko besebenzisa amanzi plain. Xa olu khetho lishiyiwe, Asebenzisa ekusetyenzisweni ifumile (hypertonic) isisombululo sodium okanye calcium chloride.

Endaweni ulwelo isampulu obegalelwe, kwaye inqanawa nomoya phantsi ukufunda. Emva koko, ityhubhu yerabha ziyadibana izibopho ezizodwa, wazibeka phezu iziphelo yeentsasa iglasi okanye ukuvala zombini valve kwi sokukhetha umbala igesi.

isampula sanitary

Ezi Iisampulu ezininzi zaqokelelwa ngenxa uhlalutyo lwekhemikhali nokujonga isiqulatho uthuli iyonke kwindawo zokuphefumla nesiqingatha imitha ngasentla.

Ukufunda ungcoliseko lomoya ngenxa lokukhutshwa amashishini mveliso, aqingqa avareji xi eliphezulu olunye kwezinto eziyingozi kwi-atmosfera. iisampuli umoya Sanitary eqokelelwe ngexesha ngokuqhelekileyo ungcoliseko enkulu kunazo kwicala umoya umthombo. Thatha ubuncinane iisampulu ezilishumi kuzo zonke iindawo kwakunye ngamathuba athile. Ukukhethwa lwemizekelo umoya kuthatha imizuzu malunga namashumi amabini. Ngenxa yokwanda umgama ukusuka kumthombo, ezithi zivele ekungcolisweni (akukho iikhilomitha ngaphezu kwesihlanu, uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo ngakumbi nje akunakwenzeka), ubude nakho kuyanda ukuba imizuzu engama-40.

Ukuze ubone radioactive kunye nezinto umhlaza kuyimfuneko ukusivumela ngokusebenzisa umthamo omkhulu izihluzi zomoya. Ngenxa kwiindawo ezihlala abantu bafunda izinto zikhona ibe ncinci kakhulu. Xa inkqubo yokuthatha isampuli zomoya izityalo ezinkulu lezoshishino izinto eziyityhefu izifundo isiqulatho (ezifana igesi, umphunga) okanye isixa esikhulu uthuli libambe indawo ebalulekileyo indawo yokhetho. Kwizakhiwo zoshishino okanye buildings edyokhweni kuthunyelwa ezingcolisa. indawo Air njalo nemiyalezo mobile. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, izixhobo ukuba isampuli emoyeni kuloo ndawo apho inkqubo esebenza kwinqanaba elinye kunye neemitha ezinesiqingatha ukusuka emgangathweni. Oku ithathwa umgangatho eliphefumla womsebenzi. Enye shift ukuthatha iimvavanyo ezintathu: ekuqaleni, phakathi, isiphelo ngosuku lomsebenzi. Ngelo xesha lungabanjwa kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo ukufuma kunye ubushushu umoya gumbi. izixhobo Absorption, nto leyo efunekayo ekuveliseni isampuli komoya yezityalo mveliso, sifunda kwimibhobho iglasi, ezo itywiniweyo phezulu, atywinwe kude nge pair kweetyhubhu zeglasi. Ngenxa elide umoya kuhlalutywa. Kwaye ngenxa elifutshane, yena bugqithela blower ngokusebenzisa rheometer. Inxalenye esezantsi absorber yenzelwe ukufunxa ulwelo apho irhasi kufuneka ukusivumela zihlalutywe. Ukukhethwa yokusebenza iisampulu umoya indawo kuyimfuneko eqhelekileyo yokusebenza kwishishini kunye nokubonelela ngeemeko zokusebenza kubasebenzi. Ngokungqinelana neemfuno zangoku imithetho kunye nokhuseleko yale nkqubo ayikokubambana ngendlela.

indlela yokukhetha bekukubi

Le ndlela isampulu umoya ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle isekelwe kwinto yokuba amasuntswana bubanzi imisiwe kuyo, ukuhlala phantsi kwempembelelo womxhuzulane. Probozabornik Durham - main instrument, esetyenziswa zeesampulu umoya isampuli kuma omxhuzulane. Undoqo umsebenzi wayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Umnini Isixhobo lifakwa isilayidi yeglasi olulodwa, nto leyo wambu gel legliserina. Labe emoyeni ngosuku. Amasuntswana bathuthwayo yi ukungena komoya, ezifakwe kwisilayidi. Ngaphezu koko, elabhoratri phantsi neemicroscope wagqiba ngoobani kunye imali amasuntswana. Iziphumo amele inani amasuntswana ezilalisa ukuya sentimitha square ngosuku. Omxhuzulane indlela isampulu umoya ayibizi kwaye kulula ngokwaneleyo, kunjalo, yaye wenza kuneengxaki zako:

• Iziphumo zohlalutyo aluchanekanga ngenxa yeemeko ezifana indlela, isantya umoya, imvula, nokufuma;
• ngosuku azinze ixesha imali encinane amasuntswana;
• akwisilayidi iglasi abe ngokuqhelekileyo amasuntswana elikhulu;
• Iisampulu ezininzi zaqokelelwa ziingcali, kuba oku kufuneka izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye aspirators ukukhiwa umoya.

Indlela ngokomthamo

Undoqo kule ndlela kukuba ngamasuntswana imisiwe emoyeni, ivaleleke imiqobo ebekwa ayajika. Iisampulu Air kwicandelo enzima kufuneka uqokelele hayi ngaphantsi kwe kanye ngonyaka. Ngokwemiqathango indlela esetyenziswayo probozaborniki ezifana:

• Rotary. Umphezulu kwakhe ukuqokelela wambu into okhethekileyo, ngoko esijikeleziswa kangangexesha elithile nesantya esifanelekileyo. Isiphumo isampuli kunye nale fowuni kubonakaliswa kwinani ngamasuntswana ezilalisa nalo ixesha ngosuku sentimitha square kilometre. Le ndlela kushenxisa impembelelo kwicala umoya nesantya kucalulo isiphumo, ngaloo ndlela enikela uhlalutyo eneenkcukacha. Academy of Allergology kunye Zizifo icebisa ukusetyenziswa kwisixhobo enjalo kuba umoya umoya kwezinto eziyingozi.
• Eskom probozabornik lahlaziya unokuwisa nomoya lokucoca inwebu kunye Pore ubukhulu kwangaphambili. Umphezulu ukuqokelela kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba yoconjululwa amasuntswana elimlinganiselo ethile. Lo mgaqo liqhosha ukuba ibihlungu Buharda mgibe, apho umphezulu ukuqokelela inga siwa ngesantya of milimitha 2 ngeyure nganye. Oku kwenza kube lula ukugcina umkhondo wendlela uyondelelwano lwee- amasuntswana emoyeni uvavanyo. Kwiyunithi kukho vane yemozulu kwaye ngoko ke ngakulo umoya aluchaphazeli iziphumo zokugqibela.

indlela yokukhetha Iziphumo womxhuzulane Evaluation bangabhaqa amasuntswana ezinkulu (umz ragweed umungu). Iinjongo zophando zisetyenziswa iindlela obemometrcheskie ezinamandla ngakumbi noluchanekileyo.

uphando ungcoliseko

Ukungqinelana nomthetho ngoku kukho kwesampulu umoya. GOST 17.2.3.01-86 kubalulekile ukuba uhlalutyo olululo neempazamo nokubala.

Ukuze ukufunda iqondo ungcoliseko lomoya kwi Russian Federation, siye liphuhlise igama elikhethekileyo - "xi ubuninzi sivumelekile". Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, siye sizimisele imida eliphezulu ngokuvunywe. e umoya xi kufuneka izinto hayi ngaphezulu kwe kwamakhulu amahlanu. iisampulu Air uyakwazi ukulawula le meko.

Avumelekile eliphezulu ithathwa le admixture kakhulu oludibeneyo umoya, nto leyo libhekisela kwixesha elithile yaye kumaxesha ngamaxesha okanye ubomi lomntu akayi kuba nemiphumo eyingozi kuyo (kunye neziphumo zexesha elide zithathelwa ingqalelo), okanye kokusingqongileyo.

Kwimeko a xi igesi enkulu zezulu isampuli lwenziwa, i ombane kule meko malunga 33 kV / cm. Ekwandeni xi kunye nokunyuka akhululeke.

Kukho iilebhu, amaziko ophando kunye neengcali zabucala ofanelekayo, ngubani ngoncedo zombane mihla kunye nezixhobo ophezulu zobugcisa ukubhaqa nokuphelisa izinto eziyingozi emakhayeni, amagumbi, ii-ofisi, umhlaba, njalo njalo. Isampulu Air kwenziwa abasebenzi yococeko kunye nezikhululo nyhikityha, uze emva koko uye isifundo laboratory.

Indlela yokukhusela ikhaya lakho

Ukuba uqala uqaphele ukuba elinye lamalungu osapho lwakho (okanye wena) bathwaxwa kukwalisa ngenxa ezithile yezizathu ezingaziwayo kwaye ezingabonwayo, kufuneka wenze ucalulo lwemizekelo zomoya kweli gumbi. Kukho iindlela ezininzi. uthuli Eqhelekileyo, ulisebenzisa, radon, okanye iindidi kwamagciwane emoyeni ngokungalunganga kuchaphazela impilo yabantu, ingakumbi abantwana abaselula. Komculo lwemizekelo umoya kufuneka kwimeko uxabane kunye nezinye ukusabela ilungu losapho. Techniques eziya kunceda ukuba ukuhlalutya umgangatho womoya kumagumbi:

• Kufuneka ufake carbon monoxide tshin. Le yunithi kudlala indima ebalulekileyo, ngaphandle ubaxo, usindisa ubomi. Ukuze ufake le yunithi encinane kuyimfuneko kuphela ezishishina eludongeni. Ukuba woluvo ukhutshwa isandi isilumkiso, ngoko itshintshe kwinqanaba caba le carbon monoxide. Njengoko usazi, berhasi ezingenambala nangokusebenzayo ayinavumba, yaye ngenxa yoko ke indima woluvo ngenene eziphakamileyo kakhulu, oko unako ukusindisa ubomi bakho.
• Enye indlela ukukhusela ikhaya lakho - ukuba kuvavanya zomoya radon endlwini. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi xa indlu kufuphi nesiza ye uyondelelwano lwee- uranium emhlabeni, nto leyo inokukhokelela beqokelela radon. Iisampulu Air eflethini kulo mzekelo kufuneka wenziwe rhoqo. Kukho izixhobo eyenzelwe uhlalutyo lwekhemikhali umxholo radon apha emoyeni. Zinokusetyenziswa ngokuzimeleyo. Faka niwabele iintsuku ezintathu. Emva kwale set iyaqokelelwa kwaye ibhekisela elebhu ukuba uphando kunye isigwebo.
• Unako kwakhona ukuthenga izixhobo zeemvavanyo umoya ubukho mbewu zomngundo. Ukuze ubone ukuba ngundo indlu okanye ukungunda, uhlalutyo ngeentsholongwane umgangatho womoya kuya kufunwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo yakhetha le ndlela, ukuba usapho umntu onesifo allergies okanye sinusitis. Devices for kuhlalutyo, ungasebenzisa eyakho. Noko ke, ukufumana iziphumo usafuna kufuneka usebenzise iinkonzo zaselebhu.
• Xa ekhaya, ungenza zitshekishwe ukuba ubukho emoyeni nezafayo. Le meko ikhona phantse kuzo zonke izindlu, ingakumbi abucala, kufutshane nomhlaba kunye namahlathi. Noko ke, ukuba lwee- amangolwane, iincukuthu, iintakumba eziphakamileyo kakhulu, ukuba phantse yinto enye nje umoya ityhefu. Kuba beyaleza unikwa igutyana encinane, nto leyo ibekwa ngendlela isampulu emoyeni, yaye emva koko zithunyelwe kwindlwana yophando lwenzululwazi ukuze uhlalutyo kunye neziphumo.

Emva kokufumana iziphumo kufuneka ukuba kujongwane nemiba efanelekileyo. Nya, kukho iqela elikhethekileyo labantu abasebenza umnxeba.