Yintoni i-carcinogen? Funda oko kubangela i-carcinogens

I-Cancer yisifo esibi, esinokuphiliswa kuphela kwizigaba zokuqala. Uvela phi? Iingcali zenzululwazi sele zifumene izizathu ezininzi, kwaye amanye amakhulu angabonakali. Kwesaziwa ngokuba yingozi kakhulu "isigwebo" sesi sifo i-radiation ionized. I-X-ray, i-radiation, i-tanning eqhelekileyo-imithombo yendlu eqhelekileyo. Kodwa nabo bahlala kude nezityalo zamandla enyukliya abanqweneli ukutshisa ilanga kwaye bangenzi ii-X-rays, abakhuselekanga kumdlavuza. Iyakwazi ukubizwa ngeemveliso ezininzi zokutya kunye nezinto eziqukethe i-carcinogen substance. Cinga ngengozi kakhulu.

I-carcinogens kunye nezigulane

Abantu banamhlanje, ngokukodwa abahlali bamaziko amakhulu amakhulu, bahlala kwindawo enzima, emoyeni, amanzi kunye nomhlaba onemihlaba emininzi yamakhemikhali. Uninzi lwabo luyabulala, umzekelo, i-carcinogens. Eli liqela leempawu zeekhemikhali ezibangela ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza. Elinye iqela lezinto lingabangela utshintsho kwizinga le-DNA, ekhokelela ekuguquleni okuhlukeneyo kwimizimba yezidalwa eziphilayo. Ezi zinjalo zegciwane kunye nezigulane ezinokukhupha iigesi ezivela emotweni, ukusuka kumanzi kunye nemibhobho yegesi yamashishini, umsi ovela ekutshiseni imfucumfucu kwimfucumfucu ilahla ngoLwesithathu. Bokutya, kwaye kwimihla ngemihla. Ngethuba lobuchwepheshe, asikwazi ukubahlula ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke izinto eziyingozi, kodwa singazama ukunciphisa umnxeba nabo.

Nitrate, nitrites, nitrosamines

Igama "eliyikekayo" elithi "nitrate" liyazi ukuba phantse wonke umntu njenge-carcinogen enamandla. Nangona kunjalo, ziyimfuneko kwizolimo njengezichumisi eziyimfuneko kwizityalo, ingakumbi kwimifuno yokutya. Kukho ezininzi apho. Amanitrate ngokwawo ayingozi. Ukulimala kubo kubonakala kuba, xa befika kuthi kumzimba, bajika kwiitrosamines kunye ne-nitrites. Ezi sele sele zinetyhefu. I-Nitrit iyakwazi ukuzibandakanya kwimveliso yendalo kwaye ifakwe kwi-industrial, njenge-sausages, ukuba inike umbala "wenyama". Bakhethwe i-E250. I-Nitrit iyathintela kakhulu i-hemoglobin, iyanciphisa amandla ayo okuhambisa i-oksijini kwiiseli kunye nokususa i-carbon dioxide kubo, oko kuthetha ukuba baphula iinkqubo zokuphefumula. I-Nitrosamines ibangele ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza. Ukunciphisa umxholo we-nitrate kunoku:

- ukumelana nemifuno emanzini kwiiyure ezimbalwa;

- krazula isikhumba;

- UBlanch ngamanzi ashushu;

Ityuwa, i-pickle.

Izongezo zokutya kunye nezinye izinto eziyingozi

Xa uthengi ukutya, kufuneka uhlale ufunda ukubunjwa kwawo. Ngokomzekelo, ukongezwa kwe-E123, okanye i-amaranth, e-United States ibonwa njenge-carcinogen kwaye ivaliwe kwishishini lokutya. I-Amaranth yidayi kwaye ayisetyenziswanga kuphela kwimveliso yokutya, kodwa nakwisikhumba, iingubo, iimveliso zamaphepha. Kwamanye amazwe, umzekelo eNgilani, akuvumelekanga.

Isongezelelo sesibini ngu-E121, okanye i-citrus ebomvu. Le powder ephuzi-luneli ibuye yaqatshelwa njenge-carcinogen. E-Russia, ukusetyenziswa kwayo akuvumelekile. Izinto ze-carcinogen zibandakanya uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwefungibhunyi elivelisa ama-aflatoxin. Ziyakuthiwa "iinkokeli" ngokubhekiselele kwi-carcinogenicity, ebangelwa ngumdlavuza wesibindi. Bahlala kwiimveliso ezibunjiweyo, ngokukodwa kwimbewu ye-peanut, imbewu yeengqungquthela, kwi-tea stale. Zifumaneka nobisi lwezilwanyana ezondla ukutya "okugula". Kufuneka ikhunjulwe ukuba la ma-mushroom abulali ubushushu. Enye into eyingozi esiyifumana rhoqo iiperoxides. Zikhoyo kumafutha angama-rancid (umzekelo, kwi-bhotela), ngokusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukwenzela i-oil frying oil.

Benzapyrene

Ezi zigulane zidala umdlavuza kwizilwanyana nakubantu, kwaye ziyaziwa njengezigulane ezinamandla. Ziyingozi nakwiimilinganiselo ezincinci. Banobuchule obubi bokubuthelela emzimbeni, emanzini, nantoni na, kwaye bahamba ukusuka kwenye into ukuya komnye ngaphandle komonakalo kubo. Ngenxa yoko, izinto ezininzi ezendalo zendalo "zicocekile" nazo ziba yingozi. I-benzapyrene ingangena emzimbeni ngokuphefumula nokutya (okuqhelekileyo kuku-1 μg nganye ngekg yeemveliso kubantu abadala kunye no-0.2 μg kubantwana kunye noongikazi). Imithombo yalo:

- umsi wecuba (nganye ngu-0.09 mg / kg);

- ukukhutshwa kwezithuthi;

- umsi ovela kumlilo ovuthayo;

- okusanhlamvu;

- mafutha;

- oyile ukutya;

- Intlanzi yokutshaya;

- ushokolethi omnyama (ukusuka ku-0.08 ukuya kwi-0.6 μg / kg);

- ikhofi;

- inyama eqhotyiweyo (inyama edibeneyo).

I-carcinogens emoyeni

Ngomoya osijikelezile, ezininzi izinto ezichaphazela kakhulu umntu ziqulethwe. I-Benzene yenye yezona zidumileyo. Kukhoyo kwi-petroli, esetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweeplastiki, ierubha, iziyobisi, idayi. Ukuvuthwa kwamaphule ayo kubangela ukutyhefuza kwaye kunokukhokelela kwi-leukemia. I-Dioxin ayiyaziwayo, kodwa yingozi nakakhulu. Ezi zidumbu zibangele ukuphazamiseka kokuphuhliswa kombungu, ukuxhatshazwa kwe-immune (i-AIDS ye-AIDS), umdlavuza kunye nokuguquka kwemfuza. Ukungena emzimbeni kunokukwazi ukutya, umoya, ngesikhumba, kunye nobisi lwebele kunye ne-placenta. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zikhutshwa emoyeni xa zivutha udoti, amalahle, ukutya kwenkunkuma, xa utshaya, kunye nokukhupha umbane. I-Benzatracene yenye yazo. Le carcinogen ininzi kakhulu kwimimandla yoshishino, apho ipayipi yombane igubha ngekhefu. Ingena emzimbeni kungekhona nje ngokuphefumula, kodwa kunye nangesikhumba kwaye iyakwazi ukudala umdlavuza wesibindi, imiphunga, umgudu wokugaya. Iimveliso ze-oxidation zayo ziphindwe ngama-100 ngaphezu kwe-carcinogen ngaphezu kwe-benzene.

Izinto eziyingozi zobomi bemihla ngemihla

Ubomi bemihla ngemihla, sizungezwe ngeempawu ze-mutagenic ne-carcinogen. Abantu abaninzi bayazi kakuhle i-formaldehyde. It has properties, kodwa ke isetyenziswa kwiyeza (umzekelo, isilwanyana "Formagel") kunye ne-cosmetology ekubunjweni kwabanye abachasayo kunye nococeko lomlomo. Kwimveliso yokutya, i-formaldehyde isetyenziselwa ukwandisa ubomi besikhala seemveliso kwaye kuthiwa yi-E240. I-Formalin (isisombululo se-formaldehyde) ngobuninzi bunokubangela ubuthi, kwaye i-dose ye-60 g ithathwa njengeyingozi. I-carcinogenicity yayo yezilwanyana iboniswe ngokupheleleyo. Umphumo kumntu uchazwe.

I-carcinogen yesibini eqhelekileyo i-vinyl chloride. Isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwe-vinyl, apho zonke iifayili ze-vinyl ezaziwa, i-linoleum kunye neqela lezinye izinto ezincedo neziyimfuneko. Ziyingozi kubo kuba impilo isacacisiwe, nangona kunjalo ukuba i-vinyl lodonga inika isandla ekwakheni i-fungus ezindongeni. Kodwa izinto ezinobungozi ezisuka kwi-vinyl ngokufudumala kunye nokutshisa, kuba ke emoyeni kubelwe i-dioxins engentla.

Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, i-asbestos. Iindidi zayo ze-chrysotile zisetyenziswe ekwakhiweni kwemibhobho, iiplati, i-heat insulators, ukuphahla, iipaneli zodonga, izitena, i-mastics kunye nangaphezulu. I-carcinogenicity ye-asbestos yabantu ibonakaliswe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ngoko kumazwe amaninzi ukusetyenziswa kwayo akuvumelekile.