Index Economic Analysis Indlela: nokumisela umzekelo isicelo

Ekuhlalutyeni imeko yezoqoqosho into esebenzisa iindlela ngeendlela kunye neendlela. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uhlolo olubanzi yeemeko ezingundoqo eziphembelela imo imveliso, okanye nkqu yonke inkqubo yokukhokela lizwe. Isalathisi indlela yenye yeendlela ixhaphakileyo isifundo yohlalutyo. Sebenzisa iziphawuli isihlobo utyhila imikhuba efana, zibe kumiselwa amaxabiso epheleleyo. Ukuze ngokufanelekileyo izigqibo malunga nemeko imisebenzi zemali kunye nezoqoqosho ifasilithi naliphi na inqanaba, kufuneka babe nolwazi kunye nemigaqo esisiseko indlela index.

Ingcamango i index

Ukuze uqonde ukuba isalathisi kwezoqoqosho indlela, uhlalutyo factor aqhube ngayo, kufuneka baqhelane umongo walo engundoqo. Le ndlela isebenzisa uhlobo oluthile entsebenzo. It ekwandiseni. Zimele Isalathisi isalamane. index indlela ikuvumela ukuba uthelekise izinto saa ebonakalayo necacileyo eqhelekileyo.

Esi salathisi sinika Luqikelelo utshintsho kwinqanaba izifundo zezifundo kuthelekiswa kuhlelwa yobukhulu bayo, ubunzima baso kwi umphumo iyonke. A yokubala efanayo utyhila ukuxhomekeka kunye unxibelelwano phakathi neenkqubo eziqhubekayo.

Isalathisi Indlela Uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho kunye ngoncedo yonke inkqubo lwezalathisi isihlobo yenza umhlalutyi ukuba bahlole ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwi into yokuba ukufunda isenzeko kuwo onke amanqanaba imisebenzi yemali mbutho.

iintlobo ekwandiseni

Kukho iikhowudi yokuhlela ezahlukeneyo. Elula yezi kwisahlulo komsebenzi xa kuthelekiswa zabucala (eziqhelekileyo) kunye jikelele (analytical). Indlela Isalathisi isebenzisa zombini ezi nkqubo.

Kuba indlela uphando lokuqala luphawulwa ukusetyenziswa mzobo efanayo, ngaphandle kucazululo ubudlelwane yayo kunye nezinye iziphumo zalo mbutho. utshintsho yawo kubalwa kuphela kwexesha. Umzekelo, ngengeniso yenkampani ezuzwe ekupheleni kwethuba lokunika ingxelo, xa kuthelekiswa ne ixabiso layo efanayo ocwangcisiweyo okanye kunyaka odlulileyo.

Kuba udidi lwesibini nezalathiso efuna uphando uye ezimbini phawu ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuhlola ubunzima Isalathisi test ukutshintsha isiphumo lulonke. Umzekelo, usebenzisa indlela index eqhelekileyo onokuthelekiswa izinto saa, ezifana ubungakanani eyinkunzi yokusebenza yenkampani kunye inzuzo yalo. Oku kuvumela yemali ukuqinisekisa ukuxhomekeka ngesiphumo ezo zinto ziye zaba nempembelelo kuye. Umzekelo, ukuba imali eninzi esebenza inkampani kwakufuneka tirhisa ukuvelisa iimveliso ukwenza ingeniso ekupheleni kwethuba lokunika ingxelo.

Iimpawu Private kwaye kuxhaphakile indlela isalathiso likuvumela ukuba wenze uvavanyo olubanzi.

ukusebenzisa Linjani

Ukusebenzisa indlela index zoqoqosho balandele eziliqela iinjongo.

Okokuqala, le ndlela ivumela ukuba uqikelelo utshintsho zibe isenzeko phantsi kophando, okanye izalathisi. Okwesibini, indlela kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa izinga nempembelelo yale mba kwiziphumo lokugqibela isici jikelele. Okwesithathu, ngokuhlola utshintsho kubume of yezoqoqosho ngezenzeko kwisigqibo malunga ngamandla nempembelelo isiqalelo ngasinye kwenkqubo kutshintsho yayo ehlabathini.

Economist kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba wenza uhlalutyo yenjongosenzi komsebenzi, kuyimfuneko ukwenza iintlawulo kuphela amaxabiso ezifanayo. Icandelo ngalinye inxaxheba kolu phando, ubanjisiwe iiyunithi ezifanayo, umzekelo, engange, iitoni, eziqwenga m. D.

Chwetheza imida bafunda

Ukuze kwakhiwe eyiyo inkqubo, isalathiso indlela Uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho sichaza iintlobo ezimbini lwamaxabiso. Ezi isenokuba zamanani kunye nezalathisi qualitative.

Udidi lokuqala luquka indices umthamo. It nezibalo ukuba nobuninzi indalo. Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo, urhwebo, imveliso, inani labasebenzi, izixhobo, njalo njalo. Indices D. qualitative zizalathisi ixabiso, nemivuzo, iindleko zemveliso, isivuno okanye imveliso.

Zonke izinto ezibandakanyekilyo kwenkqubo ngexesha elinye kufuneka ibe yenkulu kwaye anexabiso kwezoqoqosho.

Ukubalwa indlela index abe imposiso, ubukhulu yayo emiselwe inani iindawo lokugqibela, yaye inani lilonke lezinto.

Imithetho kwisalathisi yokwakha

Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo imida ngaye, isalathiso indlela yovavanyo isebenzisa iindlela ezimbini yokwakha kwinkqubo.

Ukwakha izikhombisi umgangatho (ixabiso, imveliso, imveliso kunye njalo njalo. D.) luphawulwa kuthelekiswa nexabiso yabo xesha.

Xa kusakhiwa inkqubo iziphawuli volume Uthelekiso kwenzeka kunye nenqanaba kwexesha reference. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze ufumane ukubala ngenxa echanekileyo.

Esi siphakamiso akufunwa kuzo zonke iimeko. Konke kuxhomekeke imisebenzi ethile apho wena indlela index isicelo. Iimpawu uphando kuyo nayiphi na imeko ithathelwe ingqalelo xa kusenziwa uhlalutyo.

analysis factor

Isalathisi indlela lokuvandlakanya factor ngokusebenzisa izalathisi xa kuthelekiswa ukuvavanya ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso, uthelekiso spatial kunye neentshukumo.

Kuba iinkqubo zokubala zisetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ekwandiseni angaba aggregate, le izibalo kunye harmonic.

Kwimeko yokuqala, isilawuli se uthathwa ukuba uhlobo olungundoqo uhlobo jikelele. Isalathisi othunyelweyo inokujikwa ibe imin harmonic, okanye avareji arithmetic. Isisiseko, nto leyo wakhiwe yi enobunzima Isalathisi sikwalathisa kunye izixa rhoqo enxulumene index.

Isalathisi indlela lokuvandlakanya into likuvumela ukuba wenze izibalo ngamaxesha amaninzi. izibalo Basic lubonisa ufanisa japan ngamnye olulandela efanayo lonke ixabiso lokuqala. indlela Chain esetyenziswayo ukuthelekisa isiseko elitshintsha njalo.

Iimpawu ekwandiseni ngabanye

indlela Index, ukuqingqwa leyo equka ukusetyenziswa ukubala lwamaxabiso isalamane, yabela izinto ezintathu:

• i parameters bafunda - ubukhulu, nto leyo ebonisa intsalela phakathi index;
• Uthelekiso inqanaba - lo xesha, nto leyo uthelekisa kuwumbi;
• figure base - na ixesha ngayo uthelekiso senziwa.

-Indices ichazwa njenge ratio, xa kuthelekiswa isiseko esilingana omnye. Kwimeko apho yokubala esisiseko ithathwa njenge-100%, isiphumo ifunyenwe ekhulwini. iikhowudi Ngokuqhelekileyo ezivakaliswe kule fomu factor. Ukuchaneka kwayo kucacisiwe kwindawo yesithathu lokugqibela (0.001). Kodwa kukho ubuchule apho kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo izikhombisi luchaneke kakhulu, umzekelo, ukuya kutsho kwiimpawu 7. Xa uhlobo umdla zibonisa ngokuqhelekileyo imali ukuya weshumi ekhulwini (0,1%).

Iimpawu indices ezifanayo

umhlaziyi abaninzi bafunda iinkqubo ngezimanga luqulathe inani elikhulu lweziqalelo. Isalathisi Lendlela ukuze ukubala izinto eyohlobo olulodwa. Kulo mzekelo, i okuza inokushwankathelwa nokubala utshintsho izinto qela. Le index eqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, ungongeza inombolo bathengisa impahla efanayo kubo bonke okhuphisana, nokuba ubale isalathisi iyonke ingeniso kolu shishino.

Kodwa kwimeko ngokusebenzisa inkqubo lweziqalelo owahlukeneyo, kufuneka bangeniswe ngendlela efanayo. Ngokomzekelo, amaqela ahlukeneyo kwempahla uxabiseke ichazwe units emali. It is zabo kwaye bubonke.

Kulo mzekelo, ixabiso utshintsho kungenxa utshintsho jikelele kule miba mibini eziphembelela - ubungakanani kunye nexabiso. Kuba sifundo kufuneka ukuba ivandlakanywe ngamnye kubo ngokwahlukeneyo. Xa kujongwa umthamo azinampembelelo ixabiso index ixabiso usele kwakulo mo ekuqaleni kwethuba reference, kwaye buyela kwi kuhlalutywa nje into yokuqala.

Umzekelo yokubala

Umlinganiselo lemveliso lilonke kungabalelwa yi indlela index. Imizekelo izibalo thaca ngezantsi, uya kuqonda uhlalutyo.

Masithi inkampani iveza imveliso A. nobungakanani balo kwixesha ingxelo lenyuka ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya neeyunithi 13. Ixabiso yokubeka 1 wahlala ayitshintshanga yaye yaba engange-5. inzuzo Le nkampani wavuka engange-50. ukuya engange 65.

Kulo mzekelo, isalathisi jikelele ukukhula umthamo imveliso ibalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

i = 65/50 = 1,3 = 130%

Kulo mzekelo, ukunyuka yenzuzo yenkampani wayenempebelelo ukwandisa inani iimveliso, njengoko ixabiso yahlala injalo. Ngenxa yoko, ukwanda kwemveliso kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo ngo-3 pc. Kuye malini-olusebenzayo izise ukwanda ingeniso engange-15.

Ekubeni ngomsebenzi nemigaqo esisiseko kunye concepts zolu vavanyo indlela imeko yezoqoqosho yenjongosenzi, njengendlela kwisalathiso, ungenza izibalo ngempembelelo kwi siphumo. Oku kuya kuvumela ngokuchanekileyo ukuchonga iziqalelo nkqubo, nto leyo baba nefuthe kwinkqubo lonke utshintsho yayo. Inceda umhlalutyi ukuqikelela nophuhliso into kwixesha elizayo nokuphuhlisa isicwangciso sokuphucula into nganye echaphazela siphumo.