Ngoobani aba izilwi? Ngoobani aba izilwi baseRoma?

Igama elithi "Gladiator" livela kwisiLatini "gladius", t. E. "Ikrele". ERoma yamandulo, izilwi kwakusithiwa amabanjwa emfazwe kunye namakhoboka, abo baqhelisiweyo lulo ngokukodwa ukulwa axhobe nye kwibala le yeqonga. Inkathazo waseRoma balwa esidlangalaleni, kude omnye uwela phantsi efile. Ebhasini zaye zabanjwa ekuqaleni ngemihla yeeholide ezinkulu zonqulo, yaye emva koko wajika waya mbono kakhulu ethandwa, ukuzonwabisa ejoliswe abemi abaqhelekileyo. Ngokwesithethe Bekusele iminyaka engaphezu kwama-700.

Indaba

Isiko ngokubamba kulwa wafika eRoma yaMandulo evela Etruscans, abanale idabi baba kuphela zonqulo kwindalo, yaye abafileyo uthathwa lidini uthixo War Mars.

Amabanjwa emfazwe waza wagwetyelwa ukufa - kodwa ke izilwi imvelaphi ekuqaleni kule meko. Ngokutsho komthetho wamaRoma ukuba unelungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba ekulweni, yaye ukuba ogqiba lokuwina owayenokukhulula ubomi bakhe. Kwakukho iimeko apho abemi, ngokushiya inkululeko, wagqiba ekubeni athabathe inxaxheba amadabi ezo ekufuneni uzuko yesizwe kunye nemali.

izimpi yokuqala

Bt impi izilwi eRoma yamandulo kuthathwa ukutshatisa izibini ezithathu-nxaxheba, leyo yakhiwa ngo-264 BC. e. ngexesha lokukhumbula Iuni yesi. Popular yaba indlalo enkulu kwiminyaka engama-50, xa 22 ngababini bestiaries kwiintsuku ezi-3 Kuluvuyo nabahlali isiqhazolo yomngcwabo eziququzelelwe wokuwonga elaa triumvir Marcus Emiliya Lepida. Ngo-105 BC. e. ukuba umntwana ngamnye wayesazi ngubani izilwi, enkosi imizamo yenkuthalo le nabathetheli, ejolise ukonwabisa hlokondiba waseRoma, nto leyo ngalo eli xesha sele phantse kwasekwa njenge ezinawo lwentlalo. imilo ngamakrele awayexatyiswa ngokusesikweni njengoko yokonwabisa uluntu.

Kungekudala lemidlalo, yathatha iintsuku eziliqela, apho kwakukho izilwi ezininzi, akusekho baba yinto entsha. Kukho abantu ababhalelwayo kulwa yaba wezandla, baye babizwa lanista. Undoqo umsebenzi wabo ukuba batyelela iimarike khoboka, apho kukho amakhoboka wayesenamandla, izaphuli amabanjwa emfazwe, kungakuhle okanye. Ukufumana ikhoboka enjalo, wamfundisa zonke iinkalo iimfazwe eziyimfuneko ngexesha umlo kwibala lemidlalo, yaye emva koko waqeshisa kubaququzeleli izipeksi.

Ukulungiselela ukulwa

Ngoku ndandifundela inkathazo zaye wayesalusa, ukutya okunezondlo, kunye nonyango kwabo ithatha oogqirha best abaqeqeshiweyo.

Ubungqina boku kukuba edume ugqirha waseRoma Galen wayesebenza ixesha elide kwi-Great Imperial School, apho baqeqeshiwe. Salala Babelwela ngababini kwiindawo ezincinane lobungakanani 4-6 macala onke. m.

Bona benza imihla kuqeqesho olunzulu, eyathatha ukususela kusasa kwada kwahlwa. Xa efundisa wabaqalayo inxaxheba sele ubamba izilwi baseRoma, abo bafundisa abafundi babo Ukubiyelwa. Ngelo isanda loqeqesho saqala kufuneka bafunde ukuba ukwenza njani izithonga echanekileyo esifubeni kunye nentloko utshaba olunamandla, ngaphandle Ongayikhathalelanga ukuzithethelela kwakhe. Ukomeleza izihlunu asetyenziswe kwinqanaba elilandelayo izixhobo zentsimbi Gladiator, ubunzima leyo eye ngokukhethekileyo kabini ngaphezu iingalo yokulwa.

Xa izinto ezintsha àbaluqiqa zonke ubuciko bokulwa wayelungele idabi lokwenene, oko, kuxhomekeka isakhono kunye nokulungiswa ngokwasemzimbeni, wayezimisele kwiqela efanelekileyo.

holo

Inkathazo nje kuphela ngenxa yengcinezelo evela kumnini khoboka, kodwa ngokuzithandela ngokupheleleyo, belangazelela ukufumana udumo nobutyebi. Nangona zonke nengeloncedo umsebenzi onjalo, umntu elula, kodwa oluqinile, njengommeli abakumgangatho osezantsi, ndaza ndafumana ithuba wokwenene ukuba zizityebi.

Nangona amathuba ofela lingangentlabathi nkundla, zizele ligazi, elingaphezulu kakhulu, abaninzi wathabatha iingozi, mhlawumbi kancinane uyazi ukuba ngubani na izilwi yaye yintoni na isiphelo sabo. Bavuyayo kubo, ngaphandle uthando hlokondiba waseRoma yaye amabhinqa ezindilekileyo, wafumana amabhaso imali kakhulu fans kunye nabaququzeleli ukulwa. Ngaphandle kokuba ababukeli bamaRoma badla aphoswe kwibala ukuya winner, ngakumbi xa besenza luthandwa oluntu, imali, iimpahla kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ezibe nabo isabelo esikhulu wesabelo yayo.

Ukuvulwa umcimbi lo lwa

Isiko lokuvula mlo i intlekisa elihle lokwenza bonke abathathi-nxaxheba. Umququzeleli wemidlalo ngenqwelo okanye ngeenyawo, engqongwe abahlobo abaninzi, safika okanye wahamba ejikeleza ebaleni ukuze bekhwaza ngolangazelelo ababukeli abaye sabheka phambili ivumba igazi. Kwandula ke enkundleni kweza kuluhlu zonke nxaxheba sale tumente ezizayo. Ke wanxiba isigcina gladiator kunye nezinye iimpahla. Abaphulaphuli, ukwamkela zakho, wangqungisana nje. Ke inkathazo zokumisa phambi kwibhokisi yobukumkani, ebambe ingalo sakhe sokunene phambili, bekhwaza besithi: "uKesare! Ukuya ukufa Bayanibulisa! ". Emva koko baya egumbini phantsi bumi, apho wachitha ixesha ilindele ukukhululwa yayo.

theatre yokulwela

Zonke iimfazwe yenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kwakukho imilo amawele okanye ukruthakruthwano phakathi nxaxheba kweshumi eziliqela. Kodwa maxa wambi wayedlala ngaphandle kwibala yonke ntetho, leyo yathandwa Yuliy Tsezar. Ngemizuzu, wadala ubuhle wamazwi ebonisa iindonga Carthage, kunye izilwi, abaxhobileyo kunye abanxibe amaRoma kunye Carthaginians, ukuhlasela eyenziwe kweso sixeko. Okanye livela kwi ndawo a 'ihlathi "bagawula, kwaye bestiary amela amaRoma ukuhlasela ogqibeleleyo.

Ngoobani aba izilwi kwesi senzo? Amajoni okanye abadlali? Xa zizonke imisebenzi zombini abanye. umlawuli Production Fantasy yayingazani imida. Nangona namaRoma sele nzima ngaphezu isimanga, * uKhesare Klawudiyo waphumelela. Wenza komdlalo we edabini kolwandle isikali yokuba akukho isivakashi ndandingenakho nokulicingela, yaye bachukunyiswa bonke abemi City obunguNaphakade.

Ngu ekuqalekeni izilwi kwinkulungwane IV waqala ngcembe ukuba izikhundla. Yaba ixesha xa i-Emphaya yamaRoma yathi ndiyimfe phantsi kwedyokhwe elinzima ngokuhlasela zezizwe amaqaba. Le meko iya isiba kuphela mandundu ngenxa kwintlekele yoqoqosho, kwaye umbutho ukulwa axhoma kakhulu.

Nangona ixesha elithile edabini kodwa waqhubeka, kodwa luncinane, yaye kungekudala ukuba ngokusesikweni umlomo. Akukho namnye ikhwaza nqwelo "Isonka zonwabise!" Kwaye kubulisa umlawuli, yaye ngo-'72 yatshatyalaliswa uBukhosi baseRoma.