Kwisalathiso umthamo ngokomzimba yemveliso

Izalathi ezinokuba zibaluleke zombini ngokwemiqathango ekuhloleni ubume yeshishini elithile, kwaye ekufumanekeni of trends macro ezi Iikhowudi ezahlukeneyo - umzekelo, umthamo imveliso okanye ukuthengisa. na ukuba zibalwa njani? Kuba yintoni injongo zingasetyenziswa?

Yintoni ngumongo kwisalathiso umthamo emzimbeni?

Isalathisi se ncwadi emzimbeni - ngesalathisi ebonisa ngokuqhelekileyo imali eyenziwa shishini iimveliso okanye iinkonzo. Yena isalamane, kwaye kubonisa indlela ubunzima imveliso lingatshintshanga xa kuthelekiswa nendlela aqhuba ngayo ngamaxesha-2 ezahlukeneyo.

index kujongwa ezisekelwe ubukhulu becala ngokumandla ulwazi malunga nemiba ye izalathiso ebonakalayo ngaphakathi sikhokelo imveliso kwi uluhlu eliqingqiweyo imveliso. Kuxhomekeka umsebenzi umphandi zisenokuthatha figure sizimisele ukuba ishishini ethile okanye isalathiso jikelele umthamo ngokwasemzimbeni - okanye turnover, umzekelo, imveliso mveliso. Kwimeko yesibini, isakhiwo isalathisi zinokuqukwa iimpahla kunye neenkonzo ezininzi ezibanzi. Esi salathisi ivumela ukuba ukuqikelela meko zinje akukho yinkampani ezimeleyo kunye noshishino ngokubanzi. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukusuka kwindawo Ngenxa yaloo meko yoqoqosho olukhulu kuqoqosho lwesizwe.

Ukuba kuyimfuneko, isalathiso umthamo, leyo ubonakalise ukusebenza kumzi-mveliso, onokuthelekiswa mazinga mveliso okanye ezo ukubonisa ezinye imveliso efanayo. Umphumo iqwalaselwe isalathiso imveliso efanayo kushishino ngokubanzi, nto leyo ibonisa imeko lonke icandelo uqoqosho karhulumente. Thina ukufunda iinkcukacha ezithile yokubala yayo.

Index ngu volume imveliso shishini: i bokuqonda

Kwisalathiso umthamo ebonakalayo kwemveliso kwempahla ngokubanzi, kushishino ibalwa kumanqanaba eziliqela.

Kuqala kwinto zonke, ukuchaza uluhlu urhwebo oluthile apho zalathisi zihlalutywe ukuba ukuveliswa kwezinto ezithile. Ukongeza, ukuba kuyimfuneko injongo sifundo - njengoko kumiselwe sub-candelo.

Emva koko, ngokuba kwicandelo ngalinye okanye sub-kwicandelo unokuvelisa uluhlu yemveliso zihlalutywe. Yena angamelwa inani elikhulu kakhulu iimveliso - for representativeness.

Emva koko, lo isalathiso umthamo ibalwa. Formula kungakufaka izikhombisi ezinjalo:

- i index ye umthamo imveliso ngaphakathi kwicandelo elithile okanye sub-candelo;

- umthamo kukhululwe imveliso ngexesha lokunika ingxelo;

- ixabiso lentengiso ngenxa yorhwebo.

Ifomula ngawo, zingahlonyelelwa zezinye izikhombisi, kuxhomekeke iingxaki ezithile abajongene ngabaphandi.

Nto ithetha ukuba, nezalathiso lochaziweyo ushishino, zinokudityaniswa ukuze afumane iinkcukacha icandelo kuqoqosho ngokubanzi. Umzekelo, ukuba kwisalathiso umthamo emzimbeni kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa kwishishini amafutha ke, xa lisenza izibalo zalo nezalathi eziza kusetyenziswa ukuchaza imeko ioli, ishishini petrochemical, igesi, amalahle, ishishini shale oyile. Enanikade ngalinye lamacandelo achaphazelekayo sinokuba nesabelo ezahlukeneyo ixabiso lilonke wongeze kushishino amafutha. Ngoko ke, lo isalathiso esipheleleyo umthamo amafutha kungabalelwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo bokuqonda ezininzi. Umzekelo, echaza imilo lombutho nokukhululwa kwempahla kwinkampani ethile okanye kwishishini liphela.

Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha indlela kwisalathiso umthamo emzimbeni yemveliso ibalwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo uhlobo lombutho lemveliso.

Ekubaleni isalathiso yemveliso: Isibalo lamashishini

Phakathi abaphandi Russian basasaza indlela apho kwenkcazo salathisi, kumbuzo, luqhutywa ngokwamabakala 4:

- Umdibaniso lwamashishini;

- kucaciswe imiyinge yeemveliso amatyala, ukufaneleka lokuthengisa zezomthetho kunye neminye imiqathango;

- Department of amanani Ingeniso evela output;

- ukuzimisela kwalo mjikelo wemveliso.

Ngoko ke, lo kwinqanaba lokuqala umiselwa isalathiso ngamnye umthamo emzimbeni imveliso yempahla yeshishini ethile, emva - idityaniswe parameters ukuba ichazwe kwi isifundo nokwenziwa kweminye iifem kolu shishino. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le mibutho ezikhethiweyo kunye amanani othelekiso ingeniso, ukukhululwa sezibhaliwe iimpahla, uluhlu imveliso.

imveliso amatyala njengento edala ukuba index yokubala

Xa kwisalathiso imveliso egqitywe indices summation inokuthelekiseka kumashishini isikali, oko apha naphaya ukuze zilungele ezichaphazela lebango kwiintlobo ezithile yempahla. Ngoko ke, ngenxa zishenxiswe iimveliso ulwelo ngaphantsi, kuba Dynamics ukuphunyezwa kwazo kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho luphawu ebonakalayo xa yokubangela data zoqoqosho.

Ukwahlula yemveliso ngamashishini

Ukongeza, isalathisi basenokungamkelwa impahla kunye iimpawu ezifanelekileyo kolu shishino, kodwa ezithathwa ngokwemimiselo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ukuba inkampani uvelisa izithuthi zomkhosi, kunye iliso (umzekelo efanayo), ngoko ke uhlalutyo izikhombisi zoqoqosho efanelekileyo ngaphandle iimveliso zohlobo yokuqala ukusuka kwisalathiso umthamo emzimbeni imveliso iimoto. Noko ke, ezo neziphawuli kuza kwenza ukuba kubekho kuveliswe le hlobo iteknoloji kuchaphazela uya kuba yintoni index labalandeli umthamo ebonakalayo zokukhokhela ishishini umkhosi karhulumente.

Imeko kwimakethi kwingongoma nganye kwentlobo zemveliso

Ukwahlula lwezibonisi ungenza evakalayo ngenxa yokuba imveliso izithuthi ezithwala jikelele Zenziwe ukulindela ukuphunyezwa yabo emva kwimarike ezamahala, ngokufuthi - kumazwe angaphandle. Ngenxa yoko, iimveliso zomkhosi zidla mayikhutshwe xa isicelo, nangenxa yokuba phantse nakanjani ukuba iphunyezwe. Ngale ndlela, inkampani uya kwenza kunokuba umsebenzi yolawulo kunalowo awayeza kubonisa imisebenzi inkampani njengesifundo epheleleyo yonxulumano zorhwebo.

Ngenxa yoko, kweli nqanaba ukubala esi salathisi kubalulekile ukulungisa umahluko yemveliso shishini, ukuba oko kukuthi, Kakade ke, kufuneka kusekelwe phezu iimpawu isakhiwo yesizwe yezoqoqosho, kwakunye imisebenzi ethile babaphandi.

Ekubaleni isalathiso yemveliso: ISebe iinzuzo evela umthamo umba

Inyathelo elilandelayo yokubala index mveliso - hlengiso yayo yokusebenza ingeniso, nto leyo eye ngaphantsi yokwenza ukuveliswa kwempahla, ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, kwakunye nokwanda kwingeniso yenkampani, umzekelo, ngenxa igatya lawo nawuphi na amaqumrhu zoshishino iinkonzo ezinxulumene. Umzekelo, ezinxulumene ukulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo iveliswayo yinkampani.

Lo mahluko kuya kunceda umphandi imisela Dynamics izinto yoqoqosho olukhulu, ukuze baqonde ngcono nemigaqo intengiso abangakwaziyo olufanelekileyo shishino. Isibakala sokuba kwisalathiso umthamo emzimbeni kwimveliso kuthathwa, ngokubanzi, ngaphandle kokuba impahla cost-of-nengeniso ngokubanzi.

Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba umphandi ukuseka mhaka evumelana Itshintsha isalathisi ahambelanayo ngokwalo yokwenene. Ukuba ixabiso lentengiso yeempahla liye landa, kunye nengeniso yenkampani - wavuka, ngoxa inkampani ubeke phezu ubuninzi efanayo imarike iimpahla, ukunyuka umthamo yemveliso azifani.

Ekubaleni isalathiso yemveliso: inkcazo mjikelo wemveliso

Xa Isigaba sesithathu zesi salathisi ubalo kuyimfuneko ukuze angqamane the Dynamics ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo kunye imithamo ukuveliswa ezo iimveliso asetyenziswa eyimveliso imveliso efanelekileyo. Kule meko sithetha ukuseka uqhagamshelwano phakathi yokuba nokukhululwa kwamalungu ezithile kunye nezinto kunye nebandla kweemveliso ugqibile, kwakunye ingqalelo ezi zigaba zokuvelisa imveliso nganye inkqubo yemveliso umxholo.

Ezi nkcukacha-manani ye kwishishini kunye ishishini kufuneka izikhombisi na mabaqhelaniswe abalindelekanga ezinxulumene ngqo ukuya kwimveliso: umzekelo, uthenge kubathengisi zeqela lesithathu kwaye resells izixhobo engamelanga ithathwe njenge njengento isityalo ngayo imveliso, ngokulandelelana, ixabiso layo akakwazi kuchaphazela isalathisi kuthethwa.

Isalathisi kwentengiso

Ekubeni ziyichaze kakuhle eli isalathiso yemveliso, cinga nkcukacha zokusetyenziswa zesi salathisi kwintengiso. Ngokufuthi abanikazi zamashishini babuyelayo abaphathi ngokubuza: ". Ukuqinisekisa kwisalathiso umthamo ebonakalayo kwentengiso yeempahla" Ziintoni iimpawu zayo?

Enyanisweni, umsebenzi olubonakalisa ngayo inkampani enye okanye iyonke ingeniso index volume iza kuba efanayo intsingiselo ukufunda Isalathisi yezoqoqosho ziqwempu, echazwe kolu shishino.

Industry-ngokubanzi index kurhwebo

Ukuze ichaze kwishishini ngokubanzi-khowudi (umzekelo, xa Zinjengeqhezu neevenkile), kuyimfuneko ukuba abale Dynamics kwamashishini zayo ezinkulu - .. Urhwebo e iimveliso zokutya, izixhobo zombane zasekhaya, iimpahla, njalo-siseko ukuthelekiswa yokusebenza apha isenokuba efanayo kwimeko DJIA. Loo nto iza kuqwalaselwa, umzekelo, ngoko yintoni ubunzima ishishini elithile isantya kwicandelo Uthutho nokuStorisha Utshintshiselwano xa iyonke. Kusenokuba kwahluka kakhulu kwezo zezinye amashishini. Kusenokwenzeka kweli tyala kwisalathiso umthamo emzimbeni urhwebo iimfesi ukutya HIV, kwaye i - negative.

Ukuze ukubala itotali abathengisayo lilonke (eya kuba ezibalulekileyo ngokwemigaqo yokuvavanya imeko yezoqoqosho yesizwe) ukudibanisa nezalathiso efanelekileyo kuya kufuneka ukuba benze ngenxa umahluko Dynamics zabo. Kulo mzekelo, isilinganiso inokumiselwa usebenzisa ifomula kunokuba ezintsonkothileyo.

index yokuthengisa kunye nengeniso

Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kwisalathiso umthamo ebonakalayo kwentengiso yeempahla ayisoloko masihambelane yeengeniso lweshishini. Ngaphezu, ucinga nkcukacha yokufumanisa izinga kushishino, siye sathi ngemfuneko kwahlula Dynamics zokufumana ingeniso ngoku kwimveliso yokwenene lempahla. Kukwanjalo ke malunga nokuthengiswa kwemveliso. Kuyinto enye into - ukuba ngengeniso yenkampani wavuka ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaxabiso, enye - ukuba ezinkulu ezuzwe ngenxa ngokunyuka kwezinto ezithengwayo.