Umngcipheko Market: le ngcamango, iifomu, ulawulo lomngcipheko

Nesityholo ukuba nawuphi na umsebenzi yezoqoqosho uthwala ingozi, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, akukho namnye usomashishini osakhasayo.

Ethatha inxaxheba kwimveliso, urhwebo okanye iinkonzo, iintloko iinkampani zesi zikhokelwa inkqubo imakethe leyo isuke yi bokuhlala imithetho, imimiselo, imigaqo kunye ingqiqo wokhuphiswano. Ngokuqiniseka kunye nokuzithemba ubale ukusebenza kweenkqubo kwezoqoqosho nje akunakwenzeka.

Ixabiso ulawulo lomngcipheko

Ngomhla inkqubo izigqibo zolawulo zabo bonke ubukhulu (ukusuka yengingqi yonke imihla ngobuchule yaye kubalulekile ukuba umbutho) ichaphazela inani elikhulu yeemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nemiqathango. Qikelela isiphumo anokubakho imeko ephazamisana ukungaqiniseki, leyo ichazwa ukunqongophala kolwazi, data, kwakunye nefuthe eyongeziweyo randomness.

Iintlobo yokungaqiniseki kwezoqoqosho iba emngciphekweni. Le meko sizalwa kwiinkalo ezininzi zezinto ezenziwa luluntu. Namhlanje, abasebenzi abakwaziyo ukuhlola, ukuqikelela nokuhlalutya imingcipheko uthathwa ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngempumelelo lweshishini. umthamo inzuzo okhuphiswano yenkampani kwaye basinde kuxhomekeke kubuchule wabaphathi bayo ukuqikelela imiphumo isenzo.

Hlalutya kwiimalike iingozi zemali iingcali abo amava kunye neziqinisekiso ezaneleyo omthembileyo. Injongo komphathi enjalo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko-asethi kunye inzuzo ilahleko ekungenwe kuyo ngenxa yeenguqu eguquguqukayo kwenzala, amazinga exchange kunye nezinye izenzakalo ezoqoqosho kunye nemali.

Yintoni na umngcipheko: ingqiqo, iimpawu

Wabiza imeko nobungozi obunxulumene ne ubukho ukukhetha ethile phakathi iindlela eziliqela kwi iinketho asolwa. iziganeko riskosoderzhaschego ekhubekisayo kuquka zombini akhabayo kunye navumelanayo.

Ngamanye amazwi, umngcipheko - lithuba impumelelo okanye ukungaphumeleli. Lo mba kufuneka zingahlukaniswa ukungaqiniseki, ukususela umngcipheko emaziqatshelwe, kwaye kulinganiswa neempembelelo zayo.

Iimpawu zeemeko ezisemngciphekweni:

• Kukho ukungaqiniseki.
• Kukho kungenzeka ukuba ukhethe enye amanyathelo (omnye wabo - ukwala ukhetho).
• Kuyenzeka ukuba ukuvavanya iindlela ezikhoyo.

Lo mhlaba risk ibalulekileyo, nto leyo evumela intloko ixesha lokuthatha inxaxheba ukuze kuncitshiswe ifuthe elibi yeemeko ngamnye, mhlawumbi. Eli binzana uvavanyo zezibalo le meko. Kwenzeke ubalo ibonisa nezihlandlo isenzeko yoko ethile. Yenza olu vavanyo kuphela xa kukho ulwazi olwaneleyo-manani (data, izalathisi kunye novavanyo lobungcaphephe kunye noqikelelo).

Umngcipheko: omsebenzi osemqoka, iintlobo kunye ezichaphazela

Imeko apho iimpawu imeko yezoqoqosho into ngenxa yesenzo nakumandla eemarike ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nokulindelweyo lokuthatyathwa abenzi - oko kukuthi yintoni na umngcipheko.

Ezinye iintlobo iimeko yebhanki olusemngciphekweni ezahlukileyo ukuba kuchaphazela ngqo iimeko emakethe. Ezi ntlobo ziquka izinga lenzala kwimarike umngcipheko, kwakunye stock kunye exchange angaphandle.

Umngcipheko iindidi ezahlukeneyo imibutho

iimeko Impembelelo riskosoderzhaschih kwi umsebenzi naliphi na ishishini likhulu, ngoko ke ngokungahoywa okanye ngokwaneleyo uphando olunzulu ezinokukhokelela ilahleko okanye ukuwa nkqu yenkampani. umngcipheko Market yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwiimalike zoqoqosho, nto leyo inguqu ebaluleke kakhulu kwenzala. Oku okurhweba izibambiso kwamatyala, izabelo, zemali, impahla.

Olu didi lwe lomngcipheko ibonisa amathuba yokulahlekelwa (ilahleko yemali) amaziko amatyala ngenxa yokuba ixabiso utshintsho kwizixhobo zemali kwi amazinga otshintshiselwano emarikeni okanye enyuka. Kwakhona, eli candelo ibonakalisa ubungozi iziko yorhwebo ukuya inzuzo okanye ilahleko xa utshintsho ixabiso.

Yeebhanki, umngcipheko umyinge wenzala yi abe kakhulu, njengoko kuchaphazela ngqo eziphumo zokuphela konyaka umsebenzi. Oku kuchazwe ithuba ukwanda okanye ukunciphisa ixabiso lempahla wombutho logcino ngenxa ukuhla kwesantya senzala kwi iidiphozithi mboleko.

Ixabiso lobungozi zimali

Xa zokukala iindleko-ukusebenza mali elizayo, umtyali nganye unomdla wokufumana data njengenjongo noluthembakeleyo ngenkqubela-iqondo umngcipheko yeprojekthi ethile.

Kuyo kukho uludwe ethile inzuzo kulindeleke yepotifoliyo izibambiso, kwaye kungenzeka ukuba ingeniso ncam iya kukhululwa ngaphandle eli lokuphumla, kwaye kukho ingozi imarike.

Oko kukuthi, ubukho ukucingeleka ilahleko, ilahleko okanye intsilelo kwengeniso. Ilahleko eqhotyoshelweyo lisebenzise yemisebenzi yoqoqosho, izinto eziphathekayo, abasebenzi kunye nemali. iingozi zemali Market babe nomgangatho wabo, ngokungqinelana ne apho iinketho ezininzi kusiza mali eyinkunzi adla kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha kangangokuba abatyali begqiba ukuba imicimbi nabo, ngokuba "umdlalo angafanele elo khandlela."

Kutheni kukho imeko riskosoderzhaschie?

Amaninzi ekubunjweni zeemeko komngcipheko, izizathu inxaxheba lwangaphandle nangaphakathi.

imithombo zangaphakathi umngcipheko yeemalike:

1. inkcaso ngabom. Umzekelo, ukuthengwa okanye ukuthengiswa iindidi ezithile izixhobo zemali.
2. abaphathi Ukwenza ekwenzeni izigqibo zolawulo. Oku kube ukuthenga okanye ukuthengiswa esitokisini, iibhondi, iimali, kwakunye iimpazamo mali kunye nexesha yezi nkqubo.

izinto zangaphandle, ukwakha imeko riskosoderzhaschie kuthathwa ukuba ube:

1. utshintsho Ezingalunganga kwixabiso izixhobo zemali ngenxa iziganeko zenzeke kunye sobunyani kunye neemeko zemarike ngokubanzi (nefuthe umngcipheko equity).
2. Ukuhla nokunyuka kwamaxabiso amatye anqabileyo.
3. Ukusebenzisa inani elikhulu izixhobo zemali ezithile (bonds, mboleko, zokubambisa), nto leyo yakuyibuyisa ngexesha.
4. Kakhulu ukutshintsha amazinga exchange.
5. Amatyala apho abathengi kunye ngamahlakani musa ukuzalisekisa imiqathango kwezivumelwano.

Ntoni "uhlolo lomngcipheko market"?

Ukuze kukhuselwe lweshishini kwiimeko kwimpembelelo engalindelekanga riskosoderzhaschih, umngcipheko yemarike kuvavanywa zihlalutywe.

Eyona njongo iphambili yale misebenzi kukuxhasa nkampani efunyenwe kwi-sikhokelo ubungozi, apho ziza kuxutyushwa ekuqulunqweni kweenjongo zeqhinga. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuba kulondolozwe-asethi kunye eyinkunzi, nokunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa ilahleko.

Hlalutya zonke iintlobo imingcipheko ezinxulumene nomsebenzi lweshishini (exchange angaphandle, umngcipheko yorhwebo, njalo njalo).

izigaba zolawulo umngcipheko

Emva esicacisa iinjongo, imigaqo kunye neendlela zolawulo lomngcipheko, iingcali bangadlulela la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Chonga umngcipheko.
• Ukuvavanya izinga nempembelelo yalo kumgangatho lilonke.
• Ukuqhuba esweni umngcipheko.
• Thatha amanyathelo ejolise ukulawula nokunciphisa ingozi.

Ingxaki ephambili neengcali inxaxheba kuvavanyo kunye nolawulo lomngcipheko kukungabikho naziphi zokupheka jikelele. meko nganye kunye umbuzo wahlukile kwaye ifuna indlela ngamnye. Ngoko ke, kunye emfundo, amava kunye nobuchwepheshe abaphathi kufuneka iimpawu ezifana intuition kunye bhetyebhetye yokucinga.