Yintoni nangqesho? Ethetha neenkqubo zoqoqosho

Yintoni i "nangqesho" kuqoqosho? Eli gama-sikhokelo yenkqubo yoqoqosho olukhulu kuthetha iinkqubo ulwazi ngohlobo nangenxa yokudodobala kwezoqoqosho. Nangqesho idibanisa iimpawu iinkqubo etshabalalisayo yaye, enyanisweni, zonke uhlobo ngenyakanyaka yintlekele yokudodobala koqoqosho. Kwaye nangona emali ukulinganisela i ivuselela article kumaqumrhu zoqoqosho, kwaye ubukhulu ezibalulekileyo - unobangela ukuwa States yonke.

Imbali ukuvela nangqesho

Igama lokuqala wabonakala Great Britain, xa kuqala waphawula iinkqubo Stagflationary. Ngaphambi koko, uphuhliso nokungazinzi koqoqosho waphawulwa ukuwa kwamaxabiso ngexesha Ukudodobala kwezomnotho. Ehlabathini ekupheleni-imi- 60 lwekhulu XX yaqala ukuvela ngokucacileyo ngu (malunga) umfanekiso ngandlel 'ithile, leyo waziwa ngokuba nangqesho. Bright ngokwaneleyo, wafumana inkcazelo yayo eUnited States ngexesha lokwehla yemveliso, xa izinga lokukhula kwamaxabiso ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaxabiso malunga-1%. Uqoqosho ngonyaka kwimijikelo zotshintsho zenzeka phakathi yokunqaphela, luphawulwa owa amaxabiso, kwemisebenzi kunye nokukhula koqoqosho eliphantsi kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso, nto leyo sikhatshwa iinkqubo ngendlela eyahlukileyo.

UPawulos, sinokuthi nangqesho ithetha iinkqubo, obubonakala ngokuba yincwadi evuliweyo nokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye eliphezulu lokusweleka kunye nokungabikho ngaxeshanye ukukhula koqoqosho.

Eyona engundoqo zimpawu nangqesho

Ngoko ke, yintoni nangqesho noko iimeko ndiyangqina kubantu ivela khona? Ngoko ke, okokuqala, imeko yezoqoqosho, leyo inokuchazwa depressive. Okwesibini, ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza ngqesho. Okwesithathu, ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kweli lizwe, kwakunye ukwehla lwemali kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe.

Yintoni nangqesho, oko kwazeka kwi 70s zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Ngeli xesha ngokudandatheka kuqoqosho bephelekwa unciphiso ethile amaxabiso (le nkqubo ibizwa - "deflation"). Kukhuselekile ukuba kwakukho magama yinto zakutshanje "nangqesho", le nkcazo lwazo kanjena. Olu luhlobo olutsha ngokupheleleyo lobunzima kwezoqoqosho, sikhatshwe yokunqongophala kwemali evela labemi namandla yokuthenga eliphantsi. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza amaxabiso ababasukela.

Le miqondiso zihlobene ngokusondeleyo kakhulu kuqoqosho Russian kule nkulungwane yama-21: ukuwa lwemali kazwelonke (i imali engange), unciphiso ingqesho phambi yokudodobala koqoqosho jikelele. Ngokusekelwe kwezi zinto, abezoqoqosho iqukumbela ukuba kukho ingozi yokuba nangqesho kwi Russian Federation. Noko ke, abahlalutyi ngamazwe bakholelwa ukuba nangqesho enjalo, uyazi uqoqosho phantse yonke asakhulayo.

Izinto ezibangela nangqesho

Phakathi izinto ezinokubangela nangqesho, izazinzulu zezi zilandelayo:

- lokubanga eliphezulu kuqoqosho (amaxabiso bodwa zigcinwe ngokuzenzela phantsi kweemeko ezingentle, oosomashishini amaninzi phantsi kweemeko ukhuphiswano ecocekileyo banyanzelwa ukuba ukunciphisa amanani kuqoqosho odandathekileyo);

- Amanyathelo anti-ntlekele Various, leyo ezibonakaliswe ubomi karhulumente ngohlobo yokuthengwa kwempahla karhulumente elinyiweyo kwandisa imfuno kunye ezithile ixabiso ummiselo ukuze kukhuselwe kumenzi Russian;

- jikelele yoqoqosho (umzekelo, i hypothesis ukucacisa ukunyuka kwezinga lokwenyuka kwamaxabiso kwemisebenzi kwezoqoqosho zasehlabathini kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ukususela kukuvela ithi ezithile uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe amaninzi kunokubangela nengxokozelo kuqoqosho Russian);

- ubukho emali ze abalimi;

- iingxaki ezinxulumene-eneji.

Ngenxa yoko, siyabona ukuba kule meko yezoqoqosho abezoqoqosho abadumileyo kunye izazinzulu kodwa wafumana indlela yakho ekupheleni.

izenzakalo Wavelike of nangqesho

Esi simo isiqhelo njengoko ukuvela ngokukhawuleza iyophela ngokukhawuleza. Ingongoma kuphela apho zonke iingcali ukwabelana ngasonye - nangqesho ineziphumo ezimbi kuphela.

Nangqesho kunye neziphumo zawo

Njengoko sele kubonisiwe, le meko zoqoqosho ebonakala kakhulu nefuthe elibi umsebenzi yezoqoqosho izifundo.
Kunokuba ukuyeka naluphi na uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho, ukuba inawo amandla ingqondo i Inkinga kubomi kwezoqoqosho yoluntu. Xa ithathwa njengokuba neziphumo eziphambili:

- ukunciphisa ntle yabemi;

- ubukho yeengxaki kwimalike yabasebenzi;

- Ukungabikho kokhuseleko loluntu kwezinye izigaba: abakhubazekileyo, abadla umhlala-phantsi kunye nabasebenzi bakarhulumente;

- ukuncitshiswa iziphumo ezintle ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo yemali ngetyala;

- ukunciphisa inqanaba ye-GDP.