Inani labemi yommandla Irkutsk: inani kunye nokwakheka yobuhlanga

edge Pribaikalskiy - intliziyo inxalenye eSiberia kweli lizwe. Kuyinto zizityebi namasiko alo, abacinga ongumakad ezahlukeneyo yaye sezineentlobo ngeentlobo wokuphila.

Kodwa baninzi kangakanani abantu kummandla Irkutsk? Kwaye yintoni ke abantu bazimele?

ummandla Irkutsk: ulwazi oluninzi

ummandla Irkutsk - kwisifundo Russia, ibekwe emzantsi-mpuma inxalenye eSiberia Federal District.

ummandla Irkutsk kuthatha indawo ye 767.900 km ^2, nto leyo ibeka phezu kwendawo 5 phakathi zonke iingingqi Russian. Ipesenti isifundo eSiberia ohlala 4.6% yendawo epheleleyo lizwe.

ummandla Irkutsk ukhandwa:

• izithili 32;
• 10 abakwizithili ezisezidolophini;
• 63 zokuhlala ezidolophini;
• zokuhlala zasemaphandleni 362;
• imizi 22.

Kwi kwintsimi kummandla umiwe ngabantu 2,408,901 (data for 2017).

Ukwahluka kwabantu kummandla Irkutsk

Ngaphakathi kummandla Irkutsk omiweyo lwezizwana ezahlukahlukeneyo. Yantlukwano ehambisana kwenye indawo esisigxina kumxholo ngayo abantu beentlanga ezahlukeneyo evela kwimimandla ekufutshane, kwaye ukusuka kwimimandla ezikude. Ukongeza, ummandla omiweyo exhanyulwa elalisakuba USSR.

anokuvela yesiZwe inamalungu iintlanga zilandelayo:

• Russian - 88,5%;
• Ukrainian - 3.4%;
• abantu Buryat - 2.7%;
• Tatar - 1.4%.

Xa zizonke, iintlanga malunga 100 babumba uhlanga lwengingqi.

Buryats, uhlala kwindawo yesithathu inani, bahlala kwisithili Ust-Orda Buryat ngo. Ngokutsho ukubala, inani elungelelene kubantu-80 000.

ummandla Katanga umiwe abantu Yakuts kunye Evenks. Kummandla we-Eastern Sayan kwiiNtaba, kwisithili Nizhneudinsk, ikhaya Tofs - iintlanga abazingeli.

Buryats yommandla Irkutsk

Buryats - bendawo eSiberia. imbonakalo yazo ngaphakathi kummandla yangoku Irkutsk ziphawulwe kodwa iminyaka 2500 BC. Ubungqina boku zifumaneka Pribaikalskaya izazinzulu petroglyphs kunye neziza yamandulo abantu tribal Buryat.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-17, xa kukho uphuhliso asebenzayo eSiberia, kukho umfowunelwa kunye Russian izizwe Buryats. Ngelo xesha wokujoyina Buryatia kwenzeka eRashiya.

Kwinkulungwane yama-20 kwi kummandla eyayihlala izizwe Buryat, lwenza nomthetho wemitshato, kunye nabemi zabemi belizwe kunye nempahla kuhluthwa kwanoko anako. Kwaba kuphela ngokusekwa urhulumente waseSoviet yabantu Buryat bakwazi kwakhona indawo yayo yangaphambili.

A Ngumlinganiselo wamanani abemi imizi

Regional Ummandla iqulethe imizi-22, ezona zinabantu ezivelileyo Irkutsk, Bratsk kunye Angarsk.

I lilonke labantu Irkutsk mmandla uvikivwa kancinci. Ke abemi capital ngokuthe ndivuka. Inani ndawo abahlala entliziyweni - Irkutsk - ngu 623 736 abantu.

Inani labemi wesixeko Bratsk, ummandla Irkutsk yi 231 602 abantu, yaye isixeko elilandelayo likhulu Angarsk abantu abahlala 226.374.

Inani labantu ummandla-2016

Irkutsk labantu ndawo ngenxa 2016 abantu 2.412.138.

Lo mzobo 2015 maxa abemi malunga 2.414.913. Abemi of izithili Irkutsk mmandla asengaphantsi imizi. Ukunciphisa inani enxulumene kufudukela abantu kwezinye iindawo kunye nemimandla. Statistics uphawula ukuba amazinga nokuba eliphezulu ukuchuma ayikwazanga sigqibe ukuphulukana abahlali ndawo.

Noko ke, kule kummandla eSiberia waqhubeka yokufika labemi kumazwe ico.

Isixeko ummandla Irkutsk

Ukuze ufumane indawo enkulu ombhaxa ziquka: Irkutsk, Bratsk kunye Angarsk.

Irkutsk sisixeko elikomkhulu kummandla zamanzi. It esizigubungeleyo km 277,35.

khona kwalo mzi yaqala njengokuba njengenqaba, eyakhiwa 1661 ngomhla kweenxweme Angara yamagorha. Ngaphakathi kule stockade ukuzithethelela kuhlala yokuhlala, nto leyo yadluliselwa ubume lesixeko ngo-1686.

Abemi bakholelwa zombini ezi imihla ebalulekileyo ukuba amele loqalo lwencopho ubukho balo mzi. Kulo mba, ngowe-1986 Irkutsk yabamba umkhosi ukuba engama sama- 300 kungoku nje, kwaye ngo-2011 - kumbhiyozo sanikezelwa iminyaka 350.

Ke ukuba abahlali abahlala kuloo mzi, ukwakhiwa yabo eyahlukeneyo kwaye idibanisa iintlanga ezahlukeneyo 120. Bonke abantu Unqulo bayo, oko kubonakala kwinto yokuba kwikomkhulu eSiberia, unako ukufumana iicawe, zamaSilamsi, iicawe kunye nezinye izakhiwo zonqulo.

Kwisixeko kukho izinga sokuzalwa enkulu, nto leyo liyalidlula inani yokufa. Kungabi kabi ukuqaphela ukuba zonke izixeko Irkutsk eSiberia kunje kwi ukuzibulala phakathi kwabantu abatsha. Izizathu badla iimeko zokuphila amahlwempu kunye nokunqongophala amathemba. Kodwa ke ukunyuka kwenani labahlali abachatshazelwa yi yokufika abatyeleli.

Esi sixeko iiyunivesithi ezininzi, izidanga ngonyaka ukususela kweendonga zayo neengcali elungileyo. Noko ke, abafundi izolo xa musa ukusebenzisa izakhono zabo ekhaya, njengoko etyhalela kwizixeko kuphuhliswa ngakumbi.

Bratsk - umxhobisi lombane okwimpuma lonke lommandla yaseSiberia. Bratsk sisityalo ngamanzi yakhiwa kwinkulungwane yama-20. Yaba imbonakalo wakhe, wamnika ukunyuka ukuya ekusekweni mzi. Umhla esemthethweni ekuqaleni kwalo mzi eSiberia ingqalelo ngo-1955, nangona ezinye iinkcukacha zembali uthetha umhla ukuba ekuqaleni.

Kule 50 zenkulungwane yama-20, kukho xa i zokuhlala zokwakha esebenzayo kwi kummandla isixeko elizayo zathontelana ngabameli ezininzi kwezizwe ezahlukeneyo ezihlala apho yaye kwasekwa kwixesha elizayo nokwakheka esikude nobuhlanga Bratsk.

Ngokusekelwe yokuba i Bratsk - isixeko oselula, uninzi labantu bayo limelwe ulutsha, abantu eyomeleleyo, ababumba 64% yendawo epheleleyo.

Angarsk - isixeko yesithathu esikhulu kummandla Irkutsk. Njengoko kwamanye amaziko yengingqi, inani labantu abahlala ngaphakathi ukuba siwe qho ngonyaka. Isizathu iyafana - ukutshintsha indawo yabantu abahlala kuyo. Isambuku abahlali abantu abadala, kunye nabadala, njengoko abemi yokusebenza esebenzayo xa kobuso benkwenkwe uyazama ngenjongo yokufumana iimeko Angarsk eyamkelekileyo.

Abahlali imizi nemizana

Zemizi-22 kule ngingqi, 5 kuphela kwinani labemi encinane abantu abangaphezu kwama-100 000. Abemi ezidolophini ikakhulu abaselula abantu eyomeleleyo ezihamba esixekweni kwiilali. Kwakhona phezu kwamathole komzi kuchaphazela indawo enkulu ngayo amaziko emfundo. Ngoko ke, Irkutsk - isixeko umfundi.

Ukongeza kule mizi, le ngingqi 66 iilali zasezidolophini kunye nezinye iindawo zokuhlala 1500. Inani abemi landa ngendlela yemvelo, ngenxa ukuchuma elungileyo. Noko ke, inkoliso yokufuduka kwabantu abatsha abasuka kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni kwiimeko ezidolophini kakhulu kunciphisa inani labantu.

abahlali indawo Employment

Abahlali bobabini Irkutsk, kunye nomsebenzi intsimi yakhe kumacandelo amaninzi mveliso. Kuphantsi kweziphi iinkampani uluntu kummandla ukusebenza?

1. Le nkampani ukuba imveliso ifanitshala. A inkampani enkulu "intendelezo" iminyaka eli-13, benza mveliso zonke iintlobo ifanitshala, kwaye yinkampani enkulu yempahla kwezinye iingingqi Russian.
2. Bomzi-mveliso "View" - yenye amashishini zindala Irkutsk, sele ikho ngo-1930. Kukho ikhutshwa phandle umba iisuti amadoda nabantwana besikolo.
3. mveliso Irkutsk yodongwe. Le nkampani iye ukukhupha izitena zokwakha kwaye ithe yamilisela ngokwayo ixesha elide kwi kwimarike Russian. Le nkampani iye kabini bezinikezelwe isihloko kwicandelo 'Product Zimlungeleyo lizwe' ibhaso.
4. Irkutsk Aviation Plant. Umgca ibandla ukuya zombini umkhweli kunye ukulwa kunye moya noqeqesho.
5. Izacholo Irkutsk mveliso. Ubucwebe ezikumgangatho ophezulu - ukuba into ekhoyo ezithengiswayo iindonga lweshishini.
6. Irkutsk izityalo ukuze imveliso ngemibhobho ezisetyenziswayo ukwenza amanzi okusela, igesi, inkqubo yogutyulo ukuba.
7. Angarsk yokuhluza.

Olu ayilo luhlu olupheleleyo iinkampani zoshishino nesebenza phantsi Irkutsk, Bratsk kunye Angarsk. Ngoko ke, ingqesho yabantu yommandla Irkutsk kakhulu swi kwiinkampani mveliso omkhulu.

iimeko zokuphila

Kwinkalo yezoqoqosho kwingingqi Irkutsk yeyona ndawo kuphuhliswa kwiMpuma eSiberia. Kodwa xa kuthelekiswa ne kummandla Komhlaba Black, apha imimandla Irkutsk ukuba isalele ngasemva. Siberians usindiswe isikhundla ukuba iindleko zombane ngemali kubo ngaphantsi kwezinye izixeko Russian nasezilalini.

Xa siqwalasela, ngokubanzi, umgangatho wokuphila ungaphantsi kancinane ngakumbi kwimimandla engundoqo ye-lizwe. Ekubeni ecaleni ukuya ngasempuma kukho ukwanda kakhulu amaxabiso kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo impahla, kodwa imivuzo zandile insignificantly. Ngokutsho kolu hlolisiso, umkhaya e Irkutsk ezininzi inkcitho eya iimveliso zokutya kunye neenkonzo eziluncedo, nezinye iindleko imali encinane.

Ngokwamanani zokusingqongileyo, ukuma kwalo mmandla eSiberia kuhlala entsonkothileyo ntle kakhulu. Imeko nzima ezikhutshwayo ezinkulu izinto etshabalalisayo ngokwemaleko emoyeni imichiza, i-aluminiyamu, yintlama kunye nezinye izityalo. Ukongeza, le meko eziphilayo kuchaphazela imililo ihlathi rhoqo kunye nokupheliswa indawo ihlathi elikhulu.

Ngokubanzi, ubomi kubahlali kummandla Irkutsk ayikho eyahlukileyo kakhulu kubomi babemi umbindi Russia. Nkqu iyantlukwano uhlanga alichaphazeli inkcubeko kunye nobomi Siberians okwenyaniso.