Yabemi Irkutsk kunye neentshukumo zayo kule minyaka. umphakathi wakhiwe emzini

Irkutsk - isixeko esikhulu eSiberia, ibekwe neekhilomitha ezingama-60 ukusuka odumileyo Lake zamanzi. Yintoni yabemi Irkutsk? Indlela itshintshe kule minyaka? Abameli kwezinye iintlanga iintlanga zihlala lo mzi namhlanje?

Irkutsk: labantu ndawo

Irkutsk - i enkulu East Siberian isixeko kweenxweme Angara River. Oku neziko elibalulekileyo zemfundo lizwe kunye nenani elikhulu ezikhumbuzo zenkcubeko bokwakha. Irkutsk - isixeko zembali. central indima yawo kungekudala ukongeza kuluhlu lwe-UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Isixeko ligubungela ummandla ezikwere zeekhilomitha 277. Inani labemi Irkutsk - abantu malunga nowama-625 namawaka (ngo-2016). Ngoko ke, lo ukwanda kwabantu kuloo mzi 2250 abantu. / Indawo km macala onke.

Kufutshane ezinye isixeko ezimbini: Shelekhov kunye Angarsk. Sikunye Irkutsk ke zenza ekuthiwa-Irkutsk agglomeration, apho kanzulu malunga-40% yetotali yenani labafundi bebonke kule ndawo. Agglomeration yaqala ukuvela kwisiqingatha sesibini kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Inani labemi Irkutsk ndawonye izixeko ezibini yisathelayithi abantu 1.1 million.

Emzini Administrative yahlulwe iiyunithi ezine indawo - izithili (Sverdlovsk, Oktyabrsky, Leninsky kunye Right Bank). I-ofisi yesithili kakhulu ezinabantu Sverdlovsk. Kuyinto ekhaya ukuya ngaphezulu kwama-200 amawaka abantu.

Indlela ukutshintsha abemi abaninzi beso sixeko?

Irkutsk yasekwa kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XVII. Ukuba uyakholwa i "iincwadi umbhali" ngenxa 1686, abemi yokuqala sixeko wasuswa kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo bukhosi. Ngokomzekelo, phakathi kwabo kwakukho Muscovites, abantu abavela Ustyug, Pinega, Yenisey, Pskov, yaye omnye Ukrainian. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo kwenkulungwane XVII inani labantu Irkutsk sele ifikelele kwi abantu 1000.

Ngenxa indawo yayo wejografi, isixeko owakhulayo yaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Phakathi kwinkulungwane XIX e Irkutsk, kwakukho malunga-25 amawaka abantu, yaye ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane enye, inani liye phantse kabini. Ngokutsiba eliphezulu kwenani Irkutsk yabonakala kwi imi--30 lwekhulu XX. Ngeli xesha, esi sixeko "wathola 'abantu abangama-20 amawaka ngonyaka.

Abemi liphezulu isixeko sabhalwa ngo-1991 - 641 000 abantu. Kuyo yonke le ntlekele i '90 yaye kwiminyaka yokuqala esibhozo kwewaka entsha, wase enqaba. Kodwa ukususela ngo-2009 abemi Irkutsk uyakhula chu.

umphakathi wakhiwe Irkutsk

City wayesoloko isakhiwo kunokuba mixed yobuhlanga abemi balo. Kwenqwaba uninzi ubuzwe Irkutske in Russian (85%). Bona ilandelwe Buryats, apho kukho ngaphezu nje-2%. amaqela zobuzwe, ogama amanani e Irkutsk abantu abangaphezu kwama-2,000 - Ukraine, nangezinto, Kyrgyz, Azerbaijani kunye Armenia.

Izibonda Wabonakala isixeko 1860s. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho ezininzi izazinzulu abanetalente kunye namanani zenkcubeko. Yeyona imali yoluntu Polish e Irkutsk i zeniyo-, isiGothic ibandla entle lwezitena ezibomvu yakhiwa ngo-1881. Kude kube namhlanje, esi sixeko iziko yenkcubeko Polish 'ibunzi. "

A uphawu olukhulu kwimbali nenkcubeko yesixeko wabashiya uluntu ezimbini yobuhlanga - amaYuda nezibonda. Embindini ye XIX kwinkulungwane Irkutsk kwasekwa yamaYuda enamandla kakhulu koloni. Bona oyimbumba kuhlala ngaphakathi isitalato mihla Karla Libknehta. ikakhulukazi amaYuda Irkutsk inxaxheba kurhwebo, kushishino kunye namayeza. Hi ndlela leyi, lo awayephila wasebenza wezifo edumileyo, unjingalwazi imvelaphi yamaYuda ZG apho Franz Kamenetz.