Imveliso iron Pig - isiseko ushishino ngentsimbi ye

Kukho ixesha kwimbali yabantu ebizwa i-Iron Age. Ngaloo mihla, weza ngokubuyisela izixhobo ilitye kwiimveliso ezifanayo ezenziwe ngentsimbi. Nangona le metal ibe ncinci linyibilike kakhulu ngaphambili. Oku ikakhulu intsimbi enencindi awe esibhakabhakeni. Umzekelo, Iraq kunye Syria ezikhumbuzo wafumana izinto zentsimbi zaye. A "umhla wokuzalwa" litye - i-BC kwinkulungwane yama-27. Kodwa revolution kwezobuchwepheshe yokwenene Kwathi ngelo xesha abantu bafunda ukuba lengca intsimbi ngentsimbi ekrwada. Ekuqaleni afunda ukuyenza Western Asia, ngoko obu bugcisa weza eGrisi, Italy kunye Wayitwabulula lonke elaseYurophu. Le nkqubo ngcono ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, yaye ngokuthe ngcembe imveliso zentsimbi kunye intsimbi ithe yaba isiseko kwamanye amacandelo ezoqoqosho.

Inkqubo ezingundoqo kushishino Foundry le yinkqubo kukhala eziko. Kwaye kwenzeka eziko udubulo. Modern udubulo somlilo - yinto unit enamandla kakhulu kunye nokusebenza kwaye kukho inani elikhulu kwibhetshi kunye udubulo uza ihagu yentsimbi. intlawulo Metallurgical ngumxube izinto, nto leyo lilayishiwe ezikweni ukuze yokunyibilikisa ngakumbi. Le ekrwada intsimbi kudityaniswe amafutha. Fuel ngaphandle apho imveliso domain intsimbi kube nzima, ngokuqhelekileyo coke nto leyo maxa wambi indawo amalahle ungacolwanga okanye igesi yendalo. A coke - yamalahle enye, nto leyo calcined ngaphandle ufikelelo emoyeni. Kuye lobushushu yokutsha ophezulu kunye ipetroli omhle inkqubo udubulo.

Udubulo neziko yenzelwe ukuze imveliso yesinyithi yinkqubo eqhubekayo. Le oksayidi zentsimbi kunye carbon bahleli besoloko zihamba ezikweni shaft ukusuka ezantsi ngasentla, kwaye ihamba ukuya emoyeni. I-carbon eziqulathwe kule coke, leyo idlala indima mbini kule nkqubo. On omlilo ngayo kumo ngokwayo eziko kwiqondo lobushushu olufunwayo uze kwangaxeshanye yakha a CO igesi. Kwaye ngale intsimbi igesi oxide is kuguquka metal. Ngenxa yale yokusabela ifunyenwe carbon dioxide, nto leyo ifumaneke kwi phezulu eziko kwaye ke etyhidiweyo, evela emazantsi kwayo. Kwaye le nkqubo wayeka kuphela xa kufuneka ukuba benze ukulungisa ezikweni udubulo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa ulungiso ezinjalo utshintshe ngaphakathi ababedume (nqanawa), apho buye bungabonakali ngokuhamba kwexesha.

A imveliso self intsimbi eziko enjalo linokuchazwa yi quadratic ezilula. Umoya ophephuka ezikweni wadibana ne-coke kunye 'imikhosi' ukuba zibaswe. umtshiso ophelileyo, yenza carbon monoxide, leyo urhulumente sukube. Le igesi idlala indima enkulu ekunciphiseni oxide yentsimbi. A kwakhona oku kwenzeka xa umxube lobushushu esikrwada coke ifikelela degrees 600-700. Oku kukhokelela intsimbi eqinileyo, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe kunye nomsi-. Emva koko ihamba ukuba, inxalenye esezantsi shushwana eziko (iziko) apho linyibilike kwaye uyakhululwa ngaphandle.

Kodwa ezi zibalo zingasetyenziswa kuphela ukuba inkqubo efanelekileyo. Ngamanye intsimbi oksayidi kufuneka acoceke yaye simahla ubumdaka, oku kwenzeka ngokufanayo le carbon. Kwaye kuvuthuza umoya iya kuqulatha neoksijini. Ke imveliso intsimbi luhambe mpuluswa yaye ngokutsho inkqubo echazwe apha ngasentla. Kodwa ke eneneni iqulethe eninzi yentsimbi ekrwada (50%) zamatye inkunkuma, nto leyo ibandakanya ubukhulu becala silicates. Kwaye emoyeni, njengoko wonke umntu uyazi, iqulathe ncakasana nitrogen, idlule nge eziko, hayi waphendula. Kodwa ke ingxaki ephambili ilele kubantu silicates. Kwaye ngoko ukuba bahlukane intsimbi kunye ingakhutshwa kuphela eziko, ezi silicates kufuneka kuziswa kwimo engamanzi. A silicates zokunyibilikiswa kuphela emva ngekalika cao. Kwaye ngenxa yale njongo kwelo ziko kunye ekrwada ebizwayo isixa esithile lekalika (obhobhozayo). inxalenye yawo eliphezulu zicwangciswe ezikweni nokuphalazeka kwelifu, nasemveni iguqulelwa indlela lime zabo. Kunye elimsulwa silicate intsimbi ekrwada zakudibana nale ikalika zanyibilika ukuba urhulumente ulwelo anokulahlwa zeBlack udubulo eziko. Kwaye zeBlack ukuba ngaphantsi kancinane kunalowo yentsimbi.

Emva Ukuqinisa i zeBlack iguqulelwa ngento yiglasi Umbala emnyama. Yaye amashishini kutsha nje kufuphi metallurgical wabona zitsho izinto eziphathekayo. Kodwa ngoku imveliso ihagu intsimbi ithe yaba uhlobo lwenkunkuma-free kuba zeBlack isetyenziswa kule mihla ngokubanzi. Oku kusetyenziswa njenge lokufaka ukuba ebambekayo zokulinganisa kaloliwe. Ukusuka liveze uboya SLAG, kwaye nalo ke iindlela daka anti-skid. A intsimbi ihagu evela kwiziko udubulo sele sisiseko imveliso ngentsimbi, kwaye isiseko zonke iintsimbi ayoni.