Iinkqubo zoLwazi lweNdawo

Ukufumana idatha yokuqala, ukuba nawuphi na umzimba ohambayo unako ukubala ukubaluleka kokukhawuleza kwawo, ukunyuka, indawo (izilungelelaniso), njl. Zonke ezo zibalo zenziwa kwi-kinematics. Nangona kunjalo, eli candelo lenzululwazi alinakuzifunda kanye iinkqubo ezivela ngexesha lokunyakaza komatshini. Ukuze uphendule imibuzo malunga neempawu zokunyakaza, isizathu sokuqhuma kwe-acceleration can be dynamics.

Sithatha amabhokisi ngomdlalo omnye ngaphakathi kwaye siqala ukuwuhambisa etafileni kwicala elifanayo ngesantya esifanayo. Kwenzeka ntoni kumdlalo? Ngaba iphumla okanye ihambe? Konke kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lesalathiso esinyulo oluphambili. Ngokumalunga nebhokisi, umdlalo uphumle, kodwa ukuba ukhangele oko kwenzekayo kwicala (umzekelo, ityeyibhile efanayo), ihamba. Into eqhelekileyo kumabini omabini kukuba isivinini somdlalo siyaqhubeka. Ukuze uyitshintshe, kufuneka usebenzise impembelelo yangaphandle kwibhokisi kunye nomdlalo, umzekelo, ukuwukhupha kwitafile. Yiyo le nto ibonakalisa amafomathi angabonakaliyo. Masithi sisebhokiseni ecaleni komdlalo. Ekubeni isenzo sangaphandle asibonakali, ngexesha lokuwa ungacinga ukuba umdlalo ngokwawo uhambile, ufumana ukukhawuleza kokukhawuleza. Kodwa ukuba ukhangela oko kwenzekayo ngelixa etafileni, ukuziphatha komdlalo kulula ukuchazwa ngenguqu kwisantya sokunyakaza kwebhokisi. Enyanisweni, siye sachaza amaxwebhu angabonakaliyo kunye namagumbi angabonakaliyo. Okokuqala, isenzo semandla angaphandle sisigxina, kwaye okokugqibela, ukunyuswa kwamaxabiso ngamandla angaphandle akunakucaciswa. Kulo mzekelo, iifom zeferensi ezingaphelelanga zixhunyiwe kwi-table kunye nomnye into ngaphandle kwebhokisi, kuba ngokucacileyo kuyimpembelelo yangaphandle kwinto ephantsi kokufundisisa. Ingxaki yeefowuliso zenkcazelo yayinomdla kwezo zenzululwazi ezibalaseleyo zakudala njengeGalileo noAristotle. Ngenkulungwane ye-17 kuphela. UNewton ngokusekelwe komsebenzi wabo wenza ulawulo lwakhe lokuqala lwe-inertia, olwaziwa ngokutsha njengoMthetho wokuQala wokuqala kaNewton.

Ithi ubukho balezi zihlomelo zoluhlu luyakwamkeleka, phantsi kwayo akukho mpembelelo wangaphandle kumzimba ovela kwamanye amabhunga, kwaye isantya sokunyuswa asitshintshi nokuba yixabiso okanye kwicala. Ukuba kukho imiphumo emininzi, kodwa iyalinganisekile, ngoko umgaqo ofanayo osebenzisa iifom zesalathisi ezingenayo (ISO) isebenza. Ukuba sibheka esinye isalathisi esichaphazelayo kwesinye, kunye neyomodyuli kunye nokuhamba rhoqo, ngoko sinokuthi kukho ixabiso elikhulu le-ISO kwimvelo. Ngenxa yoko, izakhelo zokubhaliweyo ezizungeze ngathi yonke indawo.

Kulula kakhulu ukuqonda uMthetho wokuQala kaNewton ukuba umntu uyaziqonda izigqibo zakhe zangaphambili - uAristotle noGalleo.

U-Aristotle wachaza ukuba ukuba umzimba awunayo nayiphi na impembelelo yangaphandle, ngoko ulawulo lwalo lwendalo luxolo. Kwimeko yokuthutha umzimba ngesantya esiqhubekayo, kufuneka ukuba kubekho amandla angaphandle.

UGalleo wongezelela ezi zigqibo: ukungabikho kwempembelelo yangaphandle akuthethi ukuba umzimba awukwazi ukuhamba ngokulinganayo kwaye ungatshintshi indlela. Yona kanye inamandla eyenza umphumo ichitheka ngokuhlawula ukukhanga, ukuxubana, njl njl.

Inkqubo engenamandla isekelwe ngokupheleleyo kuMthetho WokuQala, ngokubhekiselele kuwo nawuphi na umzimba ophumla okanye ohamba ngokulinganayo, de kube amandla angaphandle aguqula ilizwe. Isici esibalulekileyo: lo myalelo awukwazi ukuwenziwa kuzo zonke iifom zokubhaliweyo.

Inkqubo engenamandla iqinisekiswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye isebenzise ngokusetyenzwa kumatshini asezulwini kunye ne-cosmonautics (inkqubo ye-heliocentric). Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba akukho sikhokelo esinjalo esinokuthi singenalo inertial kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezinokwenzeka kwiinkqubo ezicetywayo.