Iyiphi ukukhawuleza kwe-centripetal?

Khawucinge ngembono kwinqwelo edibeneyo. Imibala emibili ephuma kuyo yakha i-angle. Ixabiso layo linokumiselwa kumabini ama-radians kunye namadigri. Ngoku, kumgama othile ukusuka kwisiqendu-sikhokelo, siza kubhala isangqa. Umlinganiselo wecala elichazwe kuma-radians kule meko ngumlinganiselo wemathematika ubude be-arc L ohlukaniswe yimitha emibili kude kumgama weziko kunye nomgca wembuthano (R), oko kukuthi:

Fi = L / R

Ukuba ngoku sichaza inkqubo echaziweyo njengempahla, kungekhona nje ingcamango yecala kunye neer radius ingasetyenziswa kuyo, kodwa kwakhona ukukhawuleza kwe-centripetal, ukujikeleza, njl. Abaninzi babo bachaza indlela yokuziphatha kwephuzu eliseburongeni elijikelezayo. Ngendlela, i-disk eqinile nayo inokumelwa ngedethi yeesangqa, umahluko okude kumgama ukusuka kwiziko.

Enye yeempawu zenkqubo ejikelezayo yithuba lokuguqula. Ibonisa ukubaluleka kwexesha apho ingongoma engqambelayo ibuyela kwisithuba sokuqala okanye, eyona nyaniso, iya kutshintsha ii-degrees ezingama-360. Kwijubane lokujikeleza rhoqo, i-T = (2 * 3.1416) / Ug (apha nangemva kwe-Ug-angle).

Ixesha lokujikeleza libonisa inani lokuhlaziywa okupheleleyo okwenziwa kwisibini. Kwijubane rhoqo, sifumana v = 1 / T.

Ukunyuka kwenyameko kuxhomekeke kwixesha kunye nento ebizwa ngokuba yi-angle of rotation. Okokuthi, ukuba sithatha njengengqungquthela ingongoma engathandabuzekiyo A kwisangqa, ngoko ngexesha lokujikeleza kwenkqubo le ngongoma iya kutshintsha ku-A1 ngexesha, ukwenza i-angle phakathi kwe-radii ye-A kunye ne-A1-centre. Ukwazi ixesha kunye nekota, unako ukubala i-speed speed.

Kwaye ukuba kukho isangqa, ukunyakaza nokukhawuleza, kukho ukukhawuleza kwe-centripetal. Ngomnye wamacandelo achaza ukuhamba kwenqaku eliphathekayo kwimeko yesigxina sekhalenda. Amagama athi "ngokuqhelekileyo" kunye "nokukhawuleza kwe-centripetal" afana. Ukwahlukana kukuba isibini isetyenziselwa ukuchaza isindululo kwisangqa, xa i-vector acceleration ijoliswe kwiziko leprogram. Ngako oko, kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi kakuhle indlela umzimba (iphuzu) ohamba ngayo kunye nokukhawuleza kwe-centripetal. Ingcaciso yalo yile ndlela ilandelayo: yintsingiselo yenguqu ye-velocity, i-vector yayo ijoliswe kwi-vector eclipsecular to the direction of the speed velocity vector kwaye ishintsha utshintsho lwaloo mva. I-encyclopedia ithi uHuygens wayefunda lo mbuzo. Inkomfa yokukhawuleza kwe-centripetal ephakanyiswe nguye ibonakala ngathi:

Acs = (v * v) / r,

Kuphi irejista yokukhawuleka kwendlela ehamba ngayo; - isantya sokunyakaza.

Inkomfa apho i-centripetal acceleration ibalwa ibangelwa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwabantu abanomdla. Ngokomzekelo, i-theory eyaziwayo yayisandisiwe.

U-Huygens, ekuqwalaseleni inkqubo, uhamba ngokucinga ukuba umzimba uhamba kunye nesangqa seR radius R ngexabiso elilinganiselweyo kwinqanaba lokuqala A. Njengoko umvini we-inertia uhambelana nendawo ejikelezayo kwisangqa, sithola umzila othe ngqo kumgca AB. Nangona kunjalo, amandla e-centripetal agcina umzimba kwisangqa kwinqanaba C. Ukuba sichaza isikhungo ngo-0 size senze imigca ye-AB, BO (isibalo se-BS kunye ne-CO), kunye ne-AO, sithola unxantathu. Ngokuhambelana nomthetho wePythagoras:

OA = CO;

AB = t * v;

BS = (* (t * t)) / 2, apho kukukhawuleza; Ixesha li-t * t - lo likhawulezi).

Ukuba ngoku sisebenzisa indlela yePythagoras, ngoko:

R2 + t2 + v2 = R2 + (i * t2 * 2 * R) / 2+ (a * t2 / 2) 2, apho uR irejista, kunye nokubhalwa kombhalo ngaphandle kokubonakalisa ukuphindaphinda kwamandla.

U-Huygens wavuma ukuba, ekubeni ixesha elincinci, liyakunakunyuswa kwiibalo. Emva kokuba uguqule ifom yangaphambili, kwafika kwi-Acs = (v * v) / r.

Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni ixesha lithathwa kwisikwere, i-progression ivela: enkulu, iphakamileyo iphoso. Ngokomzekelo, i-0.9, ixabiso lokugqibela elingama-20% lishiyiwe.

Ingqiqo yokunyuswa kwe-centripetal kubalulekile kwizesayensi zanamhlanje, kodwa, ngokucacileyo, kusekuqaleni ukuphelisa lo mbuzo.