I-Red Book of kummandla Saratov: uluhlu lweentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana

Region Saratov idume uhlobo lwalo: oovimba amahlathi zendalo, izilwanyana umdla kunye neentaka, ngokubanzi, kukho into ukuze ubone. Kuyinto lilikhaya leentlobo ukuba akukho kuphinda kubonakala kwezinye iingingqi zelizwe lethu enkulukazi.

I-Red Book of kummandla Saratov

Ngenxa indawo yayo wejografi ekwahlukaneni kweendlela, ka-Europe kunye Asia, imozulu, umhlaba kunye neempawu isiqabu idibane apha imimandla landscape ezintathu: emathafeni, emathafeni kunye nezo zibuntlangorha. Ngoko ke, uhlobo yommandla Saratov ngokwaneleyo eyahlukileyo. Kwi-Bank Right a zolondolozo ehlathini wasentla kwaye itshokhwe iintaba Hvalynschiny kunye Wolska, bedlula emazantsi ummandla ihlathi-emathafeni, ibhanki lasekhohlo iVolga kukho utyani engumxube, ngeentsiba ingca, emaqeleni fescue-umhlonyane, semi-intlango kumda kunye Kazakhstan.

Kuyo nayiphi na mmandla Russia akambonanga into enje. Ukohluka indawo kwakhokelela ukuba nentsusa kwento kunye incasa le enezityalo nezilwanyana yendawo Saratov: iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-1500 izityalo, iintlobo 250 zeentaka, 70 - ezanyisayo ... Kwaye oku luhlu epheleleyo. Ngelishwa, ngenxa yokuba uphuhliso zala mazwe emathafeni neminye imisebenzi yabantu intsalela yendalo kuphazanyiswa, kunye nabameli ebalaseleyo enezityalo nezilwanyana ezisagcinwe ikakhulu kwiindawo nzima ukufikelela: In phecana, njengeempuphuma kunye amachweba, imimandla ekhuselweyo Khvalynsk kunye Chopra, amahlathi kumysnyh Polyana. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kuphela uluhlu lweentlobo ezinqabileyo okanye phantse extinct enezityalo nezilwanyana kummandla wenza 541 imbonakalo.

Le ncwadi Red

Kuba okokuqala imfuneko yokulondoloza iyantlukwano ezohlukileyo enezityalo nezilwanyana zengingqi wathetha 90 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela kakade. Kwaye ngo 1996 yeza Red Book wokuqala kummandla Saratov, apho awabasondezayo uphuhliso eneenkcukacha kweentlobo ezinqabileyo okanye phantse extinct kwezityalo, izilwanyana neentaka. kweminyaka elishumi kamva wakhululwa kwakhona kuyo, yaye urhulumente wengingqi yamkele uluhlu lweentlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezidweliswe kwiNcwadi oluBomvu, achazwe izohlwayo ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwe ezi zinto. Basiwa kuzingela amanyathelo zolawulo ukulawula ummandla: ivaliwe awayezingela iielk, lirhangqwe phezu ixhama, nebhadi, nelinqa.

Ngokukodwa, kukho zimelwe izilwanyana Saratov mmandla, ezidweliswe kwi-Book Red (iintlobo 235), izityalo (iintlobo 286). Le ncwadana inemifanekiso ngokobutyebi, ibonisa iimaphu nokwabiwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezinqabileyo ziintlobo ezisengozini, iinkcazelo zabo, iingcebiso ukukhuselwa.

jikelele silwane

Okwangoku, kukho imfuneko yenye reissue. I-Red Book of kummandla Saratov kuhlelo olutsha ngenxa ngo-2016. Oku kuya kuquka iinkcukacha kwiminyaka yakutshanje ziphantsi kwesoyikiso yokuduka epheleleyo kunye engeze kunye neentlobo ezinqabileyo enezityalo nezilwanyana akhoyo akummandla wethu yaye adinga ukhuseleko ekhethekileyo. Izilwanyana ye-Red Book of kummandla Saratov thaca kweshumi ezimbini ezizodwa ezanyisayo, iintlobo-32 zeentaka.

Ukhuselo ezizodwa ifuna iintlobo 7 izirhubuluzi neentlobo 4 abemi bamazwe kunye namanzi. Phakathi iintlobo ezininzi umdla izirhubuluzi onokubonwa untulo emibalabala. Idla uhlala iindawo zomhlaba ohlayo ye emaqeleni and semi-iintlango, ubukhulu becala phezu kodonga lasekhohlo iVolga River, ingakumbi kummandla Marx. Ngamanye amaxesha bale iintlobo zazo zifumaneka emahlathini kwaye nkqu esezintabeni. Uhlala imingxuma nzulu apho athe wemba ngokwayo, okanye asebenzise amasele ngoboya, iimpuku nkqu izinze kwi neentanda kunye nemingxuma zomhlaba. Ukutya ngayo - izinambuzane ezincinane: iimpukane, izigcawu, iimbovane, imibungu. Okuzingela kusasa nesasemini. Lubeka amaqanda ubungakanani mikhulu - ukusuka ku-1 ukuya iisentimitha enye enesiqingatha.

Ukhuseleko nolawulo

Izilwanyana ye-Red Book of kummandla Saratov baphantsi ukhuseleko kunye nolawulo lukarhulumente wengingqi. Kuba umonakalo obangelwe lokuthengela intshabalalo mthethweni kunye ezilandelayo, kwakunye ukutshatyalaliswa okanye ukonakaliswa zokuhlala kwabo, imiqathango emisiweyo eziphathekayo kunye noxanduva lolawulo.

I-Red Book of kummandla Saratov kukho uluhlu olubanzi izilwanyana abahlala kummandla Saratov. Ezi ntlobo zilandelayo: Screaming muskrat, KwiMarmot ohleli emaqeleni, noctule, ebetha kunomzimba waso ingxilimbela. squad Avian zezi curlew ilitye, eagle wayesemva, umdla Saker, ikhwaza bustard, tyuvik, Crane (Belladonna), inyoka njengexhalanga, irhanisi Red-, Lapwing kufike abantu, spoonbill, crested nengcwangube, emhlophe-tailed eagle elwandle, kwakunye abaninzi ngakumbi phantse nazo leentlobo umhla ohlobo .

Xa inani eliphezulu iintlobo ezinqabileyo zeentaka squad, bustard eseyiphantse ukungabikho kwaphela, bustard encinane alifumaneki, ilityalwe inyoka ukhozi kunye nabanye abaninzi.

iintaka

Xa "Red Book of kummandla Saratov. Birds "kuba umdla neyi-ibhili nesihuluhulu. Idla zabhidaniseka nengabangaba Black-headed, kodwa ngokungafaniyo iintlanti yakhe imibala intloko ezimhlophe yakhe, ayikho mnyama, ngathi ingabangaba. ubuhle Special imfanelo intamo bomvu, umsila kunye nomzimba ongezantsi, yaye le imibala ekuso kwixesha ehlotyeni. Ngasemva kunye amaphiko imivumbo zingwevu, abamnyama nabamhlophe kwi umsila kunye iincam ngeentsiba abamnyama, ngokunjalo umlomo ebomvu entle imilenze ngubo ngokupheleleyo ijuba ebukekayo. Bird enkulu ngokwaneleyo - ngobude ukusuka ngeesentimitha 39 ukuya kwisiqingatha semitha, namaphiko malunga semitha. Oku kubonakala phezu kodonga lasekhohlo kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni.

eagle Golden - intaka inzima

Ezinye iintaka zifakiwe kwi-Red kwiNcwadi kummandla Saratov - ukhozi segolide. Oku ngummeli entle sidwelise kwiintaka, ubude iinzipho zayo iisentimitha 7 kuphela, imilenze ngeentlobo ukuya neenzipho. Oko: Umlinganiseli ukusuka neekhilogram ezintathu ukuya ezisixhenxe, ubude umzimba malunga mnye yeemitha. Ngenxa abamnyama kunye Ndileka segolide entloko, entanyeni umbala kwaba isihloko wokuqala, IsiNgesi ilizwi iyalila "Golden Eagle". Kids amhlophe njengokhozi. Ngaba umbono enkulu, ubona ixhoba kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-4. Isantya yokubalekela likude kakhulu ngaphezulu kwe-100 km / h.
indawo ophilayo - amahlathi, iintaba. Esafunyanwa Khvalynsk reserve. Lukhuselwe. Uyidle up amadada, woodchucks, ookhwalimanzi nkqu nendwe kunye nenyoka. ukomiwa, ukuba badle nkqu ixhama, nebhadi, nelinqa. Bavame ukuba ahlale ethembekile omnye komnye de kube lusuku lokugqibela. Iindlwane ngababini eziliqela, amantshontsho aqandusele ukuba iintsuku ezingama-45, kulandele malunga neenyanga ezimbini, luphe into etyiwayo.

izityalo

Jonga "I-Red Book of kummandla Saratov. Izityalo "Kwakhona olunzulu kunye umdla ngokwaneleyo. Ngenxa yoko, le ncwadi yesibini iquka iintlobo zezityalo 286, i-1 - ulele usapho, 14 mhoobraznyh 3 akhazimlayo, pteridophytes-10, gymnosperms kunye nohlobo-2 256 - angiosperms kunye zenyathi 20 zomngundo. Umthi kunye ityholwana iintlobo ziquka ezinde ezimhlophe, umtshayelo waseOstriya, Cotoneaster Aronia. Of umdla ezithile izityalo ezingamayeza yeNcwadi oluBomvu: ezi Adonis iVolga, Angelica, ingqalelo ichiza, ngumhlonyane ityhefu. Inani ezinqabileyo iquka iintlobo ezininzi zokuhomba: wrestling emantla, iintlobo 11 astragalus, cornflowers (naschityvetsya zabo iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela ubuncinane ezine ezahlukeneyo), kwaye onke orchid mmandla, zasendle elaziwayo, Dactylorhiza kunye unique emathafeni sisityalo - barnyard ingca.

I-Red Book of kummandla Saratov esazisa ukuba iintlobo engaqhelekanga yefeni: lady-omfisi, Botrychium Lunaria kunye nabanye. Kukwaquka zihlale zasendle: Chii ezikrelekrele Zmeevka splayed.

Kule ndawo ingqalelo eyodwa

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwa kummandla Saratov ka ukukhuselwa iintlobo zeentaka ezifana ememeza bustard, tyuvik, Crane (Belladonna), kwakunye nezo eziye kuluhlu kancinane ngaphambili. I-Red Book of kummandla Saratov iquka iintlobo 14 iintaka amaxhoba, kuquka ukhozi, nosilwangangubo, igriffon nonomakhwezana, nesangxa kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ixabiso kokupapashwa Book Red mkhulu kakhulu.

Izilwanyana yommandla Saratov, ezidweliswe njengoko ezisengozini phantsi kolawulo lukaRhulumente yeNgingqi, nto leyo yenza isiseko yonke imisebenzi yendalo mihla kule ngingqi.