I-gravity anomaly: inkcazo, intsingiselo, iimpawu kunye namaqiniso anomdla

Kwintsimi ye-physics ye-theory, i-gravity anomaly ngumzekelo we-gauge anomaly, enye yeempembelelo ze-quantum mechanics. Lo umehluko phakathi kokukhawuleza okuphawulezileyo kokuwa kwamahhala okanye ubuncwane kumhlaba kunye nenani elihambelanayo nomzekelo oqikelelweyo wensimu yokukhusela umhlaba. Njengomthetho, kukho inamba yokwenza lula ukucinga, kubandakanywa ukunyakaza okuzenzekelayo nokujikeleza, apho uMhlaba uthatha uhlobo lwe-ellipsoid.

Anomaly kunye nomhlaba

Ixabiso le-anomaly, njengomthetho, lingaphantsi kwexabiso le-gravitation ngokwayo, apho iingcamango zesilinganisi esiphezulu seplanethi, ukujikeleza kwayo kunye nokucwangcisa ukudibanisa kuhlobene. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuphazamiseka komonakalo eMhlabeni kukuphela kwendawo yendawo yokukhusela. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zinto zibangelwa umdla wokwenene we-geophysical and geological and one of the things of the geophysics.

Izizathu kunye neempawu

I-anomaly ye-gravity ingenzeka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, ngokuqhelekileyo ezintabeni. Ukunyuka kwamatye okungahambi kwamandla okuxhatshazwayo kunxulumene nokusabalalisa okwexinzelelo kwiMhlaba. Imilinganiselo yokusila amandla inceda ukuqonda isakhiwo sangaphakathi seplanethi. Imiphumo ye-scale ye-gravitation field ingafunyanwa kwithuba njengemiphumo ecaleni yemisebenzi ye-satellites.

Ukubuyiswa kweGrivity kunye nemozulu

Kwiinkqubo ezixhomekeke kuphela kwindalo, kuvela ukuba umntu ngokwakhe unako ukuphazamisa, ukuvula ama-satellites anokufumana ukuguqulwa kwamandla kwiMhlaba. Ukongezelela, ezi zinguqu zinokumelwa ngendlela yezinto ezinobunzima bokuhluka kwexesha. I-Gravity idlala indima ebalulekileyo, ichaphazela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuzilawula komhlaba kunye neenkqubo zayo zemozulu.

Izikhokelo zentsimi yesithintelo

Intsimi yentlabathi yomhlaba iboniswe kwiindlela ezimbini eziphambili: iimpazamo zobukhulu bemephu kunye nemephu ye Geoid yomhlaba.

• Ukungahambi kakuhle kweemaphu kubonisa ukuba ingakanani intsimi yokuzikhusela yomhlaba ngokwawo ihluke kwintsimi yokuvuthwa kwayo. Ugxininisa umahluko kwimikhosi yokukhusela emhlabeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzeka kwiindawo zengcinezelo engaqhelekanga yeendlela ezithile zomhlaba, umzekelo, ubukho beentaba zeentaba okanye i-depressions of oceanic.
• I-Geoid iyindawo yokujonga umhlaba, eyona nqanaba elwandle elingaqhelekanga ekungabikho kwemimoya, imizila kunye namanqatha amaninzi. I-Geoid yinto ebonakalayo ebhekiselele kuyo. Inquma i-horizontal, kwaye amandla okugungqeleka asebenza ngokubhekiselele kubo.

Ukufumana imodeli eyiyo yegooid yaba ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Idatha evela kuma-satellites amaninzi, kunye nemilinganiselo yomhlaba, kwafuneka idibaniswe ukudala imodeli yenkalo yesithintelo. Ulwabiwo lweempawu ezinkulu luzilungele ngokupheleleyo, ezingenakutsholwa malunga neempawu zomntu wendawo, apho kubakho imfuneko ukuchaza ngokuchanekileyo imiphumo echaphazela ixesha, njengaleyo ehambelana nomjikelezo we-hydrological.

Ukubonwa kude kunye negradugraphy

Ezi ndlela zibonelela ngegalelo elikhulu lemilinganiselo yezenzululwazi ezisetyenziselwa i-oceanography, i-hydrology, i-geology kunye nezifundo ezinxulumene nazo. Ukubonwa kude kunye negradugraphy zisetyenziselwa injongo kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, kuquka:

• Ukulinganiswa kweenguqu kwiininzi zeqhwa elisezantsi;
• Ukutshintsha utshintsho kwimithombo yamanzi kumhlaba;
• Inkcazo yemifudlana engancinci kunye nolwandle olunzulu;
• Ukunqunywa kwinqanaba elwandle kuguquka ngenxa yokuguquka kweqondo lokushisa;
• Ukuqonda okungakumbi malunga nokutshintshiselana kwamanani, njengowomoya-olwandle;
• Inkcazo yemikhosi eyenza intsimi ye-geomagnetic yoMhlaba;
• Ukuqonda imikhosi engaphakathi kwiplanethi, ukunyakaza kwamacwecwe e-tectonic ngenxa yeziganeko zokuzamazama komhlaba kunye nokuqhuma kwe-volcanic;
• Ukuphucula ukubikezelwa kweengozi zemvelo.

IAnomali iheha abatyelelo

Siphila kwixesha xa phantse wonke umntu ehlabathini anako ukufumana ulwazi ngokukhawuleza. Nangona bonke abantu banokufumana yonke into ayifunayo, kukho ubunzima kwihlabathi, kwaye kukho ezininzi ezihlala ziyimfihlakalo, enye yazo yinto engabonakaliyo.

Kukho indawo eplanethi leyo inokumangalisa, apho imvelo yendalo yendalo ingasebenzi, apho iqondo lokulahleka lilahlekile, apho imoto inokukhuphuka kwinqanaba kunye nokunye. Izinto ezinjalo zibhekwa njengento engalunganga ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga ngayo ukucinga kwabantu.

Iindawo ezinjalo ezingaqondakaliyo zifumaneka kwihlabathi lonke, nangona kungabikho kuzo zonke ezinokuthi zifumaneke kwimimandla yezinto ezihamba phambili, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo ezinye ziyakwazi indawo yokumisa abavakashi abakhathele.

Ukuchazwa kwezinto ezinobuncitshisi kunye nezibane

Iimpazamo zamagnetic zenziwa ngokugqithisileyo kwendawo yokugcina i-crystalline kunye ne-magmatic material. Uninzi lwepasipoti lunokuthi lucatshangelwe njengobunobumba obucacileyo, oko kukuthi, ukuba ne-susceptibility ephantsi.

Ngaloo ndlela, ukuchithwa kwedatha yamandla kungabonakalisa indlela efanelekileyo kunye neyobuchule yokuphanda iindawo ezinzulu kwaye zihlala zizinzulu.

Ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo kwi-echibi okanye umhlaba kungabandakanywa nokuhlukunyezwa kweziqulatho ze-subsurface (ukungena kwangaphakathi, iimpazamo, imida yemida yomlambo, njl.).

Kuthetha ntoni "GA"?

Ukuphazamiseka kwemvelo, "GA" kwifom echanekileyo, iyigama eliqhelekileyo lokuchaza amacala okulungisa iimeko eziqhelekileyo zentsimi yokuvelisa. Le nkcazo ichaza ixesha elivela kwiimeko zokuphikisana phakathi kwendlela yokubamba imathematika elandelwayo ngokubanzi kunye nolunye uhlangothi olungangqinelani nesiseko sobume bobuchule bokusebenzisana.

I ntsi ngiselo

Ukufundwa kweempawu kunye neepropati ze-Earth's gravitational field inendima ebalulekileyo kwaye ifumene isicelo esisebenzayo kumasebe amaninzi oqoqosho. Kukho ulwalathiso olunzulu lwezesayensi - i-gravimetry, ehambelana nezinye iinzululwazi malunga noMhlaba (geology, geodesy, astronautics, oceanography, seismology nabanye). Isihloko sophando lwayo sisona sikhokelo esinamandla, kuquka.

Anomalies of gravity

Utshintsho kumandla adla, adibene nomhlaba onjalo njengobuninzi be-inhomogeneity, awunalo ukuhlala rhoqo kwaye ubonise ukuphambuka kweempawu ezivela kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-anomalies of gravity. Njengomthetho, umahluko phakathi kokuvakala okuqhelekileyo nokungavumelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchithwa okuncinci kunceda ekufundeni ngcono iipropati zomhlaba, kunye nokukhangela izimbiwa.

Ubuncwane obuncitshiswayo bubonakala bobabini emhlabeni womhlaba nangaphakathi. Into ebalulekileyo yangaphandle kule meko yinkxaso. Ngokubhekiselele kubangelwa phantsi komhlaba, baquka ukunyuka kweendlela ezikulo migca ecacileyo kunye neendawo ezingezantsi, kunye neenguqu ekubunjweni kwezixinzelelo zala macala. Into enje njengento engabonakaliyo yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwi-geology. Izindlela zeGravimetry zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi ngexesha lokukhangela iifomethi ze-iron ore, ioli kunye negesi.

Imimangaliso, kwaye kuphela!

Unyaka ngamnye kukho ulwazi oluninzi malunga neendawo ezingaqhelekanga kwilizwe. Ezi ziindawo apho ukugqithisa kwanyamalala ngendlela engummangaliso, ibhola okanye amanzi achithekile aqala ukuphakama umthamo okanye iminye imimangaliso eyenzekayo engenakho ukulungelelanisa nayiphi na ingqiqo.

Izona zidumileyo yiBeit Shemesh kwaSirayeli, i-Gorge Gorge eYordan, idlula eLadhaka (eIndiya), kunye neempembelelo ezinobungozi eRussia, kufuphi nedolophana yaseGalashki, isithili seNevansky kwii-Urals ephakathi, apho umlambo onokungaqhelekanga ufumaneke khona.

Yintoni eyenzekayo ngokwenene? Ngaba zonke iindawo ezingavamile? Uninzi lwabo lunento efanayo, oku:

• Ngokubanzi, ezo ndawo zihlala kwindawo yentaba.
• Uninzi luhlala kwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba.
• Isalathiso sinobukhulu obuncinci, ukuba le yindlela, ubude becandelo elingonakaliyo aludluli, njengommiselo, 600 m.

Yintoni ekujoliswe kuyo?

Ukungabikho komonakalo kwinkqubo yoMhlaba kunye neNyanga kuyisiseko senzululwazi, ukubandakanywa kwabo kungabonwa, umzekelo, ngoncedo lwamatye.

Kwaye malunga neendawo ezininzi apho inkohlakalo yokukhanga isebenza khona? Ngaba konke okubonakala kungenakuqondakala kuyinto engavamile? Masiwuthathe umzekelo ngomgwaqo weentaba wommandla ongenamandla. Ukunyuka phezulu kunzima kunokuhla. Kutheni kunzima ukuhla? Oku kungenxa yokuba umzimba unzima ukukhohlisa, ngokungafani namehlo. Kunzima ukukholelwa, kodwa uninzi lwezinto eziyimfihlelo eziyimfihlakalo ziyizinto ezibonakalayo.

Ukuchithwa kwezinto eziyingqungquthela yinto ebalulekileyo ebalulekileyo yendalo yonke, eye yaphazamisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo izazinzulu kusukela ekufumaneni kwayo. Iipropati ezizodwa zemvelo kunye nesimo sengqondo esibukhulu sinceda ubomi bube khona, kwaye ungabikho kwi-space. Xa le nto ihamba phezulu, ifumana amandla enamandla, kwaye isixa sayo sincike ubunzima bezinto, ukuphakama kunye namandla okukhanga. Kwimvelo, kukho iimeko zokuphazamiseka kweendawo ezinobuncwane. Iimpawu ze-Anomali ziyinto engqongekileyo, engayichaza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziganeko. Enyanisweni, ukubonakaliswa kwabo kukumgangatho wobulungisa wenyama okanye umba.

Imimandla enobungcipheko ingaba nempembelelo ephawulekayo, enokuzibonakalisa ngokwahluleka kokusebenza kwazo zonke iintlobo zobugcisa. Ngokomzekelo, iwashi liyeka ngokukhawuleza okanye liqale ukuhamba kwicala elichaseneyo, ikhupha iifowuni, ikhuphe izixhobo zeefoto kunye nokunye. Zonke iziphazamiso zexesha kunye neendawo zifuna ukuba zibonwe ngokubanzi, kwaye kungekhona kuphela kwizinga lokubonakalisa izinto ezibonakalayo.