I-Ebola ntsholongwane. EOmsk sophele

Oko kubizwa ngokuba isigqebelo ukhohlakele isiphelo ukuba kwilizwekazi lase-Afrika kuye kwavela nobuntu kunye ezimbi, isifo esinganyangekiyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, njengoko AIDS kunye intsholongwane Ebola. Nangona kukholelwa ukuba bancedwa ukuba azalwe imvelo kuphela, kodwa songenelelo kwisangqa ezithile izazinzulu abafuna ukwenza izixhobo ezintsha iintsholongwane, kodwa inyani - esi sifo esibulalayo. Iindaba ezilungileyo kule meko, omnye kuphela - intsholongwane Ebola, ngokungafaniyo AIDS, Asikabi yandele kwamanye amazwekazi. Kwafunyanwa yokuqala izidumbu iinkawu ezinkulu (kwakunye AIDS) yaye ezinye antelopes ngo-1976

Esi sifo esibi ngumbulali komzimba womntu kwinqanaba subcellular. Lethality lufikelela 90%. Izazinzulu ziye okwangoku bazimisele njani abantu ukuba ezisindayo emva kwakhe. Oko athi ukuba intsholongwane udlule kwizigaba ezininzi zophando kwaye kuphela emva "yakhululwa". Njengalo okanye akunjalo, akubonakali siya Azi, nangona kumangaliswa kakhulu peculiarity yayo, asiqhenqethanga ngaphandle Afrika, njengoko kwenzekayo ne-HIV (AIDS). Kukholelwa ukuba le ntsholongwane Ebola asiqhenqethanga kakhulu ngezizathu ukuba beziphantse akukho xesha uphawu-free, xa isigulane, nto leyo inaso esi sifo, angalaziyo bobukho bakhe ize isasaze kwamagciwane emhlabeni.

Ezinokosulela abantu bafunde ngokukhawuleza ngesi sifo, kodwa ngoncedo lonyango kwiimeko ezininzi, kungekudala ife. Lo mkhuhlane esi sifo ukungafuni kakhulu. Uyaziva ngokupheleleyo eziphilayo izihlunu ngokunjalo ufile. Le ntsholongwane Ebola ungowommandla filoviruses amagqirha usapho (Filoviridae) kwaye zohlulwa ngokwendidi 5 ezahlukeneyo: Sudan, Zaire, Ivory Coast, Bundibugyo, Reston. Bona igama njalo kwiindawo apho kukho khona kokuqhambuka kakhulu kwesi sifo. Izifo ezininzi enkulu ezinxulumene iintlobo yayintsholongwane eyosulela kakhulu afana Sudan, Zaire, Bundibugyo.

Ebola intsholongwane ebangela isifo enxulumene ukopha. Usulelo lwenzeka kukudibana ngqo netuwa, negazi, amalungu kunye nezihlunu bento sifo. Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo isulelo ukuselwa ukutya ne ntsholongwane. Ingxaki enkulu kuba Afrika ukungabikho kumazwe amaninzi kwinkqubo esembindini ngokwentlambululo kwamanzi amdaka kunye nogutyulo. izinto ezingasafunekiyo yabantu badla wathi nje kwaye asetyenziselwa umgquba amasimi, kwaye intsholongwane endleni, ngesisa kuthunyelwa kwiindawo ezinkulu kakhulu. Enye into eyinkxalabo kubahlali engena amdaka emilanjeni kunye namachibi, apho abantu kunye nezilwanyana kudla amanzi.

Isifo uboniswe zombini yophela ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Lubonakala yi eDayalayo, intloko ebuhlungu kunye izihlunu iintlungu, ubuthathaka elibukhali kakhulu. Ngokufuthi oko kukhatshwa sorhudo, ukugabha, irhashalala, isibindi engaqhelekanga kunye nokusebenza kwezintso. unyango olusebenzayo kwesi sifo akakho. Oogqirha lula kancinci kuphela imeko yesigulane, ukuphelisa ezinye iimpawu ezihamba.

Ngelishwa, eRussia kukho ngokufuthi izifo kakhulu wentsholongwane egazini. Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, eOmsk ukopha. nakujoliso olutsha Natural losulelo sele zichongiwe kwiindawo ezininzi: eOmsk, Tyumen, naseNovosibirsk, Kurgan, Orenburg. Ubangelwa sifo sele zisekiwe ngokwahlula egazini abantu abosulelekileyo kunye namakhalane ntsholongwane kufutshane kobuchopho tick-umna. Ku fanele ku sodidi Flavivirus wentsapho Togaviridae. ukuba Eyona mithombo iphambili usulelo kuthathwa ukuba amabuzi amanzi, zasemanzini. Ukuze umntu intsholongwane ungena zokukorekisha Dermacentor marginatus kunye pictus xa ezilumayo. Kusenokwenzeka asulelekileyo yabantu abangena iziselo kwizilwanyana ezisulelweyo ngalo inxeba eluswini kunye inwebu yangaphakathi ekusetyenzweni iimfele, amachibi ukuhlamba, ngokunjalo ukutya kunye namanzi nge. Isifo kubhalwa ukususela ku-Apreli ukuya kuSeptemba, kunye incopho ngoMeyi no-Agasti.

Ixesha elisuke zentsholongwane - iintsuku 2-12. Isifo ine nokuqalisa nokoyika-40 ° C ne nangecesina, kuthibaza, ukugungxula ubuso, intloko ebuhlungu, inaliti sclera. Izigulane zibonakala iintlungu kwezihlunu, ingakumbi izitho umva. Iqondo eliphezulu emsebenzini iintsuku 3-4, emva koko lehla, kunye neentsuku 10-12 ifikelela amaxabiso eziqhelekileyo. izigulane ezininzi umkhuhlane 2 ngumtshangatshangiso zonke iimpawu, nangona ngaphantsi kakhulu. Ukususela kwimihla zokuqala zesi sifo kuvandlakanywa ukopha (ngokuqhelekileyo samarhanana). Phantse isinye kwisithathu lwezigulane ukuphuhlisa i-pneumonia Nedlac.

Uxilongo lusekelwe kwimbali nyhikityha, zululwazi intetho clinical. Izigulane esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Unyango ngokusebenzisa unyango detoxification, calcium chloride, novithamini K, ascorbic acid, glucocorticoids. Wayedla serum immunoglobulin okanye igazi labantu kuphila na kwesi sifo. Sase- ukubuyisa ngokuqhelekileyo intle. Kokuba kakubi umkhuhlane, kukho banawo kule ntsholongwane.

Prevention luyaphucuka umsebenzi nokuqhambuka kwezifo (inkqubo ukutshatyalaliswa izilwanyana zasemanzini - imithombo kunokwenzeka viral). Le nakujoliso olutsha kwesifo zisetyenziswa Izigxothi, iimpahla zokuzikhusela, uhlolo ukubhaqa ukubulala zokukorekisha. Xa efumanise nemalanana ochaphazelekayo wenza ugonyo serum egazini labantu wachacha.