Diamonds Jikelele (Grishin-Almazov Alexei): biography. Army Siberian. intshukumo emhlophe

Aleksey Nikolaevich Almazov wazalwa November 24, 1880 kwintsapho amanene Tambov. uyise wakhe igosa (a unobhala Collegiate). Ngokwahlukileyo kulo mzekelo, unyana wagqiba ekubeni azahlulele ubomi bakhe emkhosini. Waqalisa ukufunda kwi Voronezh-Mikhailovsky yeCadet lweSizwe, ngoko baphumelela Mikhailovsky zokudubula School ngo-1902. Lonke eli xesha sele awukabi ndawo, Diamonds Jikelele wanxiba igama lakhe lokwenyani Grishin.

Russian-Japanese imfazwe

Igosa mfana zange abalahlekileyo nokufunyanwa isikhundla kwigosa. Ngowe-1904, imfazwe Russian-Japanese. Alexei Grishin waba nkonzo naseManchuria. Embi kakhulu kweli phulo Japanese kuba idabi Liaoyang (Agasti 24 - Septemba 3, 1904).

amajoni Russian wazama ukuba akhulule ePort Arthur, kodwa emva kokuba ukungaphumeleli kwakhe phezu ukuzithethelela. Liaoyang ngazo wahlasela umkhosi waseJapan. Alexei Grishin phakathi ngaphezu kwe-100 lamawaka bakhaya, aye aqalisa umendo yotshaba. idabi Bloody yakhokelela ekulahlekelweni enzima macala omabini, kodwa ekugqibeleni kwafuneka ukuba Russian baleka.

Imiphambili of the World Lokuqala

Emva kokuphela kwemfazwe Russian-Japanese, i-White Guard Jikelele elizayo wahlala phezu imida okwimpuma yeli lizwe. Iminyaka ibe mithandathu ndasebenza Amur Military weSithili kunye kweliso uqeqesho iqela kwesimo begqolozele i Amur Region kunye nommandla Ussuri.

Eyaqala ngo-1914 I-First World War kwanyanzeleka ukuba ashiye Grishina ikhaya kwindawo kuye. Ekuqaleni, yena wanikela ngekhonkco 5 Siberia Army lweSizwe kwaye mkhosi kukumthetheli oku enkulu. Ngo-Epreli 1915 Grishina wenza umthetheli. lifikile ixesha lokuba umthetho ibhetri kunye zokudubula nomkhosi. Igosa abandakanyeka kwimisebenzi ukuzithethelela, ekhubekisayo. Uye ufumene iimbasa ezininzi kunye honours, kubandakanywa i- George Cross, leyo yanikezelwa kumthetheli emva kokuba isicelo amajoni zayo.

th 1917

Yi revolution Grishin-Almazov Alexei wayesele sikhulu Lieutenant. Ebudeni bexesha Provisional kaRhulumente, wahlala abafowunelwa kunye Socialist-mbuso (nangona inxaxheba iqela) kunye obala kwiBolsheviks. Emva kokuba October Revolution, igosa wakhumbuza isikhundla sakhe - wagxothwa emkhosini.

intshukumo White iyithathele ingqalelo kwayo bagxothwa Grishina. Ekuqaleni waye Njengevolontiya Army, lo gama Jikelele uMikhail Alekseev akazange athumele ukuba eSiberia lombutho imisebenzi komhlaba anti-yamaBolshevik. Igosa beyeka zingeniswe igama lakhe - ngoku Kwazeka oko njengoko diamond.

In komhlaba

Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1918, Jikelele wawa Diamonds e West Siberian Commissariat of the Provisional kaRhulumente, leyo wema intloko kwikomkhulu lomkhosi. Kwiiveki yomsebenzi komhlaba iye yaseka iseti iiseli ezimhlophe kwizixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo ukususela Kansk ukuya eOmsk. Kunye ne Almazov eSiberia waya Socialist Revolutionary Pavel Mikhailov, ngubani de ngoko wonyulelwa ukuba liyichithe iNdibano neqela.

umbutho Amagosa 'ngokuchasiweyo kwiBolsheviks, bebesethubeni ekwanti, ndilihlwempu. Diamonds jikelele ukwenza uqhagamshelwano nentsebenziswano phakathi kwabo. Eyona nto inzima yalo msebenzi ukufumana ingongoma ukuvumelana yezopolitiko kunye umkhosi lwembono: bebonke ukuxhasa intshukumo komhlaba, apho igunya ukuthobela. Ndaweni ithile phaya emva, kodwa ethile umnikelo, Almazov ikwazile ukwandisa rhoqo zichasene enye kwiseli nganye. Lonke eli xesha le iiBolsheviks bamfuna, kodwa ke zange azame lizingela phantsi, bamba umsebenzi komhlaba ayiphumelelanga. Nanini kubaphathiswa baya trail yakhe, asinde iKGB.

Xa intloko yomkhosi eSiberia

Ngowe-1918, zonke intshukumo White eSiberia, ulindele nje ukuba uphawu ukuqala xa imigudu emanyeneyo anti-yamaBolshevik intetho? Umfutho ngokuba yaba imvukelo Czechoslovak Corps. Phezu yokufunda, abangaswele kuthobela mntu wakhe, Jikelele Grishin-Almazov wayalela yonke imibutho komhlaba elawulwa nguye ukuvukela igunya eSoviet. May 28, 1918 igosa waba yintloko ye West Siberian Military weSithili kunye bayivakalisa inkxaso yabo Czechs. It lasungula ekhubekisayo kuwo onke amanqanaba.

NgoJuni, oko wadalwa Provisional Siberian kaRhulumente, kwaye ndingumthetheli womkhosi eSiberia baba ngakumbi kunye noMphathiswa of War. Diamond wabonakala nomhleli emangalisayo. Ke kwangena umkhosi ingqeqesho engqongqo, wenza kuyo amandla enamandla ekwaziyo ekubalulekeni kuphela uhlaselo Red Army, kodwa ukuya West yedwa.

Umququzeleli abanengqondo

Ngu ngehlobo lika-1918 phantsi umyalelo Almazov sele 60 amawaka kwakunjalo. Kunye nezabelo Czechoslovak umkhosi irhetywe ngokupheleleyo eSiberia iiBolsheviks. Ngoku White ukulungele ukuya kummandla iVolga, uze ukuza eMoscow.

Ukuzama ukuba lande ubukhulu komkhosi waso, AN Grishin-Almazov lehla ukusuka yokugaya odlulileyo ngokuzithandela yaye baqalisa ukuba zibarhwebeshele kwisibheno ngokugxininisa bume Sasungulwa le. Ngokungafaniyo amajoni abo babesilwela imiphambili yeHlabathi Okokuqala, abantu belali babengenayo bangenwe kakhulu yamaBolshevik ubuxoki. Ixesha lubonise ukuba idayimani wathabatha simse zonke. Ekwindla ka-1918 Siberian Army liye landa nge 175 amawaka abantu.

ukuba ehle

Ukusuka kwindawo kwezopolitiko lwembono, Diamonds wahlala monarchist kunye nomxhasi igunya namandla kwindawo enye. Kukho iimeko xa ngokomyalelo kwakhe empini owenza umhobe "UThixo Gcina i Tsar!", Nakuba amaphulo anjalo nambeko. Urhulumente ngokubanzi wasala, lo gama i-jikelele babekholelwa ukuba slogans Socialist revolution yolawulo lwentando yesininzi nje nephupha kwimfazwe yamakhaya wangqungisana alunakwenzeka nje. Le mbono ongalithandanga ngamandla abalungiseleli kunye Samara Komuch.

Diamonds jikelele waba inxalenye White intshukumo, Nezingathanga singafani ukungenela namahlakani angaphandle kweli imfazwe yamakhaya eRashiya. Akazange alibazise uphikise Unozakuzaku yaseBritani, ebonisa ukuba akazekeleli uncedo zamaNgesi. Alexei yayahlukile gqitha ngoogxa bakhe kurhulumente. ingxabano yakhe namanye abalungiseleli kwakhokelela yokurhoxa Ngokubanzi, wathabatha indawo ngoSeptemba 5, 1918.

Umfazi Alexey Almazov

Kungathenjwa ncam i-Social njengabalweli benguqu epheleleyo wenza Almazov bahambe eSiberia azibandakanye nomkhosi amavolontiya Anton Denikin, esebenze ezantsi weRashiya. Ngaphambi kokuba ahambe, lo jikelele wamshiya eOmsk umfazi wakhe Maria Alexandrovna (wazalwa Zakharov). Waye baba zizihlobo Kolchaka wakhe oyintanda ekukruqulayo Timirevoy waza wangena isangqa engaphakathi kiso Russian.

umfazi Almazov wahlala eOmsk de ngobungxamo mzi emhlophe. Maria Alexandrovna waya empuma kuloliwe ka Kolchak. Ebutsheni bowe-1920, yena wabanjwa usebenza e Irkutsk Polittsentr pro-eSoviet. Almazov waba entolongweni, aza abona imihla yokugqibela yobomi Kolchak. Le ntwazana lucky - waye amnestied yaye yakwazi ukuya eTshayina, apho liye lapapasha memoirs zabo. Neqabane Almazov akazange abone.

Emzantsi

E Ekaterinodar, apho kwakukho Denikin, Alexey Almazov wathunyelwa kwisixeko isiRomania Iasi. inkomfa Kukho kwabanjwa inxaxheba yabameli zamazwe Entente kunye nabathunywa omzabalazo White. Kwesi siganeko, lo jikelele afunde ingxelo enkulu kwi imeko kummandla yaseSiberia.

Ekupheleni konyaka-1918, Alexey obephethe umkhosi Odessa. Ngoxa isixeko waziwa kakuhle ezahlukeneyo memoirs koogxa, kuquka memoirs 'Days Uqalekisiwe "Nobel Prize Ivan Bunin. Jikelele wakwazi kwakhona ukuba alungiselele umkhosi omtsha zomkhosi, kwelinye icala, wamelana kwiBolsheviks, yaye kwelinye - yeni kwisixeko Ukrainian bezwe.

Odessa Military Governor

Odessa Aleksey Almazov ekhunjulwa entloko nzima, ngokuhlaziya phantsi ngesantya esiphezulu ukusuka nasiphi na isoyikiso igunya labo. Ngenxa yoko, naphakathi iiBolsheviks, naphakathi abamhlophe, yena wayesaziwa ngokuba uZwilakhe. Wabizwa ngokuba wamazwe kunye kuthelekiswa kunye amabhongo uNapoleon. Kwangaxeshanye, lo diamond ngokwayo wabonisa ngamandla ukunyaniseka kwabo umphathi kwi intloko zamavolontiya Army of Denikin.

Ezimandundu elibuhlungu irhuluneli mkhosi kungekuphela iiBolsheviks, kodwa mthetho, abo baba baninzi ngakumbi kwizibuko Odessa. Odessa izaphuli Inkokeli ngelo xesha nesabasilaleleyo odumileyo Mishka Jap. ephikisana Almazov kwakhokelela iinzame eziliqela kwaza jikelele. Kanzima nezaphuli, irhuluneli emkhosini akazange athandabuze ukuba babhenele wokubulawa extrajudicial, kunxunguphala ngoku. Bebonke isiphelo sinye wawa iiBolsheviks, apho diamond iye yaba ngomnye amanani ezininzi ezibi kwintshukumo yonke White.

mission Last

E Odessa nani Almazov a alunakulungela abaninzi. Ngo March 1919 wagxothwa post yakhe, waza washiya isixeko loo mini. Ngomhla kususwe jikelele kwamalweyile ngendlela amagunya French wanyanzelisa ukuba ngelo xesha eneneni wabamba umzi ezandleni zabo. Nje ezimbalwa kwiiveki njengabaphambukeli ngokungxama abasuswe Odessa, eyiyeka ukuzikhusela phambi Red Army kunye abavukeli Ukrainian. Kungekudala isixeko yathinjwa ngamava encinane ataman Nikifor Grigoriev.

Ngelo xesha, Diamonds Jikelele wabuyela Lamatsha Army. Anton Denikin wathumela kuye kwintloko igqiza Alexander Kolchak, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, wathi yena umlawuli omkhulu Russia. Emzantsi, kwi Almazov ukuba unalo igama exutyiweyo. ESiberia apho emkhosini wayezimisele, yena ezinxulumene impumelelo kwixesha lokuqala War Civil. Ukongeza, i-General wayengakwazi ukulinda ukuba ubuyele emfazini wakhe.

Indlela kwecala badlula kuLwandle lweCaspian abantu 41. White ngaphandle ngesiganeko baqhubeka nohambo enqanaweni "ULayla", ngoxa inqanawa yabo iye abamba kufuphi Fort Alexander kaThixo (namhlanje Fort-Shevchenko, Kazakhstan). Inqanawa amancinci elinye omnye umbhuqi abaqeqeshwe kakuhle "Karl Liebknecht", kwibhodi ye ezazilungiselwe ukuhlasela lee inani Red Army of Denikin.

Aleksey Almazov, eqonda nokuphela imeko yakhe aze angafuni ukuba kubanjwa bethinjiwe lutshaba, wadubula wumbi umpu wakhe. Yaphela kanjalo ubomi omnye kakhulu akrelekrele zomkhosi iinkokheli intshukumo White. Kule Diamonds eSoviet Union waba ngumzekelo oqaqambileyo jikelele yokugula okhohlakeleyo kunye umlinganiswa ezingentle imisebenzi ezininzi zobugcisa.