Colonels - diktitura emkhosini eGrisi. iimpawu uphawu le uhulumeni

Ulawulo ngokozwi lakhe colonels eGrisi indawo ayithandeki kwimbali karhulumente. Iminyaka 7 ikhona kweli lizwe wabubhangisa bonke namaziko wethu entando yesininzi. Eliphikisayo uphangiwe, asekuthinjweni kumkani, amajelo eendaba zazilawulwa ngqongqo kakhulu. Xa waqalisa ukufunda eli thuba lembali yamaGrike, izazinzulu wababiza amandla kungekuphela nje ubuzwilakhe wamajoni-zwilakhe, bebanika anti-abantu bakhe uhlobo lo msebenzi.

Oonobangela kunye neemeko mdibi

Ngowe-1965, Korol Pavel wafa eGrisi, yena ngumpolitiki elungileyo. Wenza kwacaca ajika phakathi kwamaqela ezopolitiko, umkhosi kunye nabasebenzi bakarhulumente. Emva kokufa kwakhe, wanyukela sobukhosi, unyana wakhe uConstantine. Ngelishwa, indlalifa akazange abe onjalo nempembelelo kwi izangqa aphezulu ezopolitiko kunye emkhosini, njengoyise. Ilizwe singene kwixesha lentlekele kwezopolitiko. UKumkani nawuphi na urhulumente akwazi ukufumana ulwimi, ngoko ke idla itshatyalaliswa. Umphumo waba imeko sibi kakhulu ebomini lizwe opolitiko, leyo, ngokulandelelana, baba negalelo kuphuhliso loqoqosho nentlalo. Le meko yayikhona kuze 1967, xa i-Black Colonels (okanye uhulumeni) bambamba amandla.

Greece on olwandulela waba mdibi

Sele 1966, nokulatyuza imiboniso kunye awanalo. Xa abasebenzi logwayimbo NgoJanuwari nabasebenzi mali ka-80 amawaka abantu ngoJuni - 20 amawaka abasebenzi beebhanki kunye 6,000 abasebenzi zeposi, 150 namawaka abasebenzi bakarhulumente baseAthene wazithabathela ezitratweni, yaye ngo-Oktobha wakhwela abakhi lonke eGrisi, ukubala nezikhundla zayo 180 amawaka abantu . Iimfuno sihlasela ikakhulu abantu kwezoqoqosho kwindalo, nangona kwakukho slogans ezopolitiko: "unyulo Free", "Ezantsi kunye norhulumente".

Ezinye abezopolitiko kwangaphambili ukunyuka ukuya amandla lozwilakhe emkhosini. Ngenkulungwane XX imbali Greek kudla kwenzeka: ngo-1923, 1925, 1936, 1953. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le ngeqhudu wangumlawuli ixesha elifutshane ukuseka uzinzo nocwangco kweli lizwe, ngoko ukudlulisela igunya emphakathini. colonels Black eGrisi, 1967-1974 gg. Yaba ngaphandle.

Nangona abanye kwangaphambili ukunyuka ukuya amandla emkhosini, abanye baye babonisa ukuba Ixesha ngeqhudu sele kudlule eYurophu. "Abemi belizwe lethu kunye namanye amazwe liya kuba nxamnye nayo, kwaye ke amajoni ngokwabo, ukuba ufunge isifungo ukulwela amalungelo abemi akuyi kuwaphakamisela isandla kubo:" - Wathi ngoko uhulumeni namkhanyela ithuba lokuza emandleni. Noko ke, yonke into waya kanye kuloo! The University of IAthene nokuba ufunde uthotho lweentetho ezikhuthaza kuxhamle lozwilakhe kwiimeko ezinzima kwezopolitiko.

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Ngasemthonjeni ka-1967 ntlekele lezopolitiko iye yafumana enkulu ezothusayo. Aprili 21 isiganeko esibalulekileyo - amandla esemthethweni lizwe yabhukuqwayo. Xa eqeqesha urhulumente waba uhulumeni le colonels. Akuzange inguquko wamagazi, yaba ubhedu. Bavuka kusasa kwikomkhulu, labemi ndavuswa intshukumo amatanki kwizitrato baseAthene. I radio sele seva isaziso sokuba amandla ocande ezandleni emkhosini. Ke wathi: Greece phambi kokuba lika wahlala ilizwe ngokwaneleyo kwezopolitiko eYurophu, kunye namaqela ababambeleyo undemocratically. Power waba inkokeli, owakuchasayo, bavalelwa ngaphandle ndakukhupha kurhulumente. Yaba umbhodamo epheleleyo yokuziphatha kunye nezopolitiko.

Military luphumelele ngaphandle enkulu ukuba athimbe amandla, okt. A. Abemi phantse 100% yayikukuba. Emkhosini ngenxa kwinkulungwane XX lonke wabumba umfanekiso 'iijaji "ukumisela uzinzo kunye nokulungelelana ebudeni benkulungwane yonke. Ukongeza, inkxaso yabantu Black Colonels uphumelele emva iingxelo zabo ukuba babenolwazi iingxaki kunye neminqweno yabantu abaqhelekileyo.

triumvirate 1967-1974

Emva mdibi lizwe ngokusemthethweni walawula ngokuhlangeneyo, kodwa amandla kanobom buzinze ezandleni triumvirate - G. Papadopoulos, S. Pattakos, uN Makarezos. Eyokuqala kwezi kamva waba ngumlawuli Greece. Ngowe-1967, emkhosini weza ngamandla, nto leyo, eneneni, oMnyama Colonels. Greece emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 yedemokhrasi wakhumbula ukuba ngeqhudu enjalo.

Papadopulos Georgios

Ndazalelwa kwintsapho ootitshala ezisemaphandleni iPeloponnese. Ummandla ngokwembali ulihlwempu kakhulu, ngoko abantu mhlawumbi badla ngokuthi ndiwuyeke, okanye baya emkhosini, yaye bahlala apho. Loo ezimanyumnyezi ezehlela George. Yena ngokukhawuleza waya phezulu leri corporate, unyuka usiya isikhundla sikhulu. Ethatha inxaxheba kwimicimbi emfihlekweni, oko inxaxheba ekusekweni abafowunelwa kunye inkonzo yezobuntlola Mexican kunye CIA. I lavalwa kakhulu kwaye nokusola bungenza.

Makarezos Nicolas

Ngokutsho memoirs ababephila, yena ngaphezu ngengqondo phambili amalungu nabameli triumvirate. ukuqina okuphawulekayo wengcibi yokuluka, bakwazi ukufumana nokuzalisekisa i original ngokwenene yaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, iingcamango eziyimfuneko. Ndaphulaphula ngabacebisi bakhe kwaye uphulaphule. Ngexesha ngeqhudu waba uxanduva kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo kurhulumente - uqoqosho, bekholelwa ukuba ulwabiwo yalo kunokwenzeka kuphela phantsi komqathango uzinzo phakathi karhulumente. Njengelungu le-triumvirate "Black Colonels", kusekho nomxhasi azinikele sefowuni republic.

Pattakos Stillianos

Ku ngokupheleleyo "tixi" iimpawu zomkhosi, nangona abanye wahlala umntu kunokuba eliqingqiweyo, Noko ke, akazange azame ukuba akhangeleke ngathi ngokwasengqondweni. Ngowe-1940 waphumelela akhademi zomkhosi Papadopoulos. A isici esasenza ngowama Ngokungafaniyo nezinye amanani aphezulu-simo xesha akazange abe yamafanankosi. Wayeyindoda unqulo kakhulu kwaye wayenxibe yonke kunye icon nentsapho. Wayedla endaweni Papadopoulos kwiintlanganiso ezisemthethweni.

Ukuzama counterrevolution

Kuwo onke amalungu le-Elite lezopolitiko imo "dohuntovskogo", omnye kuphela ibe nokumelana evuleleke ngokozwi lakhe. Kwacaca ukuba Korol uKonstantin. Wafumana ayehamba ezimbini, ezibe P. Kanellopoulos kunye G. Papandreou. Ayazi kakuhle ukuba amathuba abhukuqe le triumvirate kukho kancinane, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, le nkosi.

Colonels babeyazi loo counterrevolution ezayo kwaye nkqu bona baphambana kuyo. Ngomhla we-12 kuDisemba, Balizisa ultimatut savela apho wayeza zisuswe kwisikhundla sokuba yinkulumbuso K. Kolliasa kunye nazanachit Papadopoulos endaweni yakhe. Sami aduma ngosuku olulandelayo. Lwabe walithimba kwisithuba oyintloko abasebenzi yomkhosi. Ukumkani wathetha kwenye kwizitishi kunye ngokubhekisele kubantu zamaGrike. Noko ke, yabemi Greece akenzanga nto iphume ukuze, njengoko ebizwa ngokuba iNkosi uPhilip. Ngaphezu koko, abantu bahlala benyanisekile Papadopoulos, lo kwezithandani le mvukelo Kwadlula cwaka njengokuba ebeqalile. Ukumkani ngokwakhe kwanyanzeleka ukuba baye ekuthinjweni yokuzithandela eRoma.

Ngosuku olulandelayo colonels abamnyama ngokwabo kunomathotholo. Bathi ingxelo ukuba umbutho mthetho babefuna ukuba atshabalalise karhulumente ukusulela amandla, esebenzisa uKumkani. Ngoko ke, lo mlawuli singabalelwa. Ngaphezu koko, amalungu karhulumente aye abonisa ukunyaniseka kwabo ukumkani, kwaye eni of the amagumbi basebukhosini 'zinokuhonjiswa "kubakhonzi bakarhulumente.

iimpawu nezopolitiko uhulumeni

Colonels uncuma Greece ulandelwa ngokucacileyo ulandelelwano ethile izenzo zabo nokuthembela eziphathekayo "izikhonkwane."

Okokuqala, kwakukho umzabalazo kunye yonke inkcaso. It zavalwa, nabo bonke abo iimbono ezahlukeneyo kwezopolitiko, batshutshiswa. Ngeli xesha, lo msebenzi yandiswa kwiinkampu zoxinaniso.

Okwesibini, yonke le minyaka ngamandla, lo uhulumeni kwenzeka phantsi slogans womzabalazo yobukomanisi. Greece waba phezu macala onke singqongwe amazwe yali. Kwaye, ngokutsho uRhulumente, ubukomanisi wayeza "singene intloko yesiGrike kaThixo."

Okwesithathu, ipalamente itshitshisiwe kwaye onke amaqela ezopolitiko kweli lizwe. Ngaloo ndlela Papadopoulos waphika umqondo yokudala iqela lakhe, t. To. Ngokwembono yakhe, akukho mfuneko. Power ukuze ukumelana noxanduva lwabo ngokupheleleyo.

Okwesine, colonels abamnyama ideology wadala umoya lwamaGrike lamaKristu, ngokuchasene ndawonye abo walwa unqulo. Uhulumeni ukuze kwakhiwe uluntu olusekelwe phezu nemibono yobuKristu, ngenjongo kokudalwa 'abantu abakhulu zamaGrike. " iingcamango zamaKristu luqhutywa yonke: ezikolweni, kumaziko emfundo kwaye nkqu emkhosini. Kuyo yonke imizi Greece baba iipowusta ubiza zokulinywa lwamaxabiso zamaKristu.

Ixesha lobunzima kwezoqoqosho ka 1973-1974. kwaye ukuwa le uhulumeni

Colonels weza igunya phantsi kwebhanile yesisombululo iingxaki kwezoqoqosho, ezopolitiko kunye nezentlalo. Ukuba yinxalenye yabantu abakholelwa kuyo, kule minyaka Ndaphoxeka kumandla emkhosini, abazange ngubani kukushiya, enikezela amandla urhulumente yomphakathi. Njengoko iminyaka ihamba, imeko yezoqoqosho yayisiba. Qala inkqubo emali, izinga elo liphezulu kakhulu ukukhula umvuzo kweli lizwe. Abemi ayisa sekelwe le uhulumeni. Ngoko ke urhulumente wagqiba ukumisela umda ekukhuleni kwamaxabiso abenzi basabela kakubi kakhulu, ngoko ke ngokozwi lakhe Colonels bathumela ixabiso lokudada mahala kweentlobo ngaphezu kwe-150 yempahla kunye neenkonzo. Amaxabiso bavuka ngakumbi!

Kukho unangoku ndithethe nxamnye ulawulo kunye neemfuno kunyulo lwentando yesininzi, kwakunye ukubuyiswa yokumkani. On amabango imivuzo ephezulu, uRhulumente waphendula ukuba inqanaba lomvuzo kuxhomekeke imveliso, eyenza kucace ukuba ukwanda kungalindelekanga. Kuqhubekayo zocindezelo.

Ubunokwazi ukuba kuphazamise abantu iingxaki zangaphakathi, urhulumente Colonels ligqibe ekubeni lenze imfazwe encinane woyisileyo, ekulindeleke ukuba bahlomela eSipro. Kwathi ngoJulayi 1974. Noko ke, ukuhlaselwa Greece zakhe ungayithandi, abantu banyanzelwa ukuba bashiye eso siqithi. Emva koko, lo uhulumeni uye wasuswa, namandla ocande ezandleni ngurhulumente wedemokhrasi. Kule minyaka-7 colonels eGrisi yaphela.

Kule minyaka ngamandla, lo Colonels akaphumelela ukuzisa Greece ngaphandle yeengxaki zopolitiko noqoqosho. Le meko iye sibi ngakumbi kweli lizwe, abemi ufumana ahlwempuzekileyo ngosuku. Bonke kwakhokelela yokuba kombuso counter kwenzeka, ukuba ulinde kuphela ukunganeliseki incopho nguzwilakhe aphezulu. Kwathi emva kwenye ukusilela eSipro. Ababusi afunyaniswe enetyala. Papadopoulos, Makarezos, Pattakos agwetyelwe ukufa, kodwa kamva kwatshintsha isigwebo sobomi entolongweni. Yaphela kanjalo ixesha, i indawo abamnyama kwimbali yempucuko zamaGrike.