Xa ubukhoboka wabhangiswa eUnited States? UMongameli, emva kokuyekiswa kobukhoboka eUnited States

Abantu abaninzi bayazi xa waqalisa isithuba umntu wokuqala okanye Second World War. Ngaba abafundi bazi, xa ubukhoboka wabhangiswa eUnited States, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, elulolwakhe sempumelelo? Yayingubani lo mntu kulo msebenzi? Abraham Lincoln ngomnye wamaqhawe ezinkulu waseMerika ngenxa impembelelo yawo yokuvelela elimangalisayo kwi iindimbane.

Ebuntwaneni le umkhululi elizayo

Abraham Lincoln wazalwa eKentucky. Abazali bakhe baba uThomas Nensi Henks Lincoln. Uyise ngumongameli elizayo waba nguvulindlela eyomeleleyo kwaye sizimisele, ngubani uzuzele well-being elungileyo yaye uye kakhulu ohlonelwayo ekuhlaleni. UAbraham omnye udade omdala uSara, kunye umzalwana omncinane, uTomas, abafa ezelwe. Ngenxa ingxwabangxwaba le ntsapho kwanyanzeleka ukuba ifuduke imeko Kentucky e Perry, Indiana, ngo-1817.

Apha babephila ngokuzingela kunye nezolimo, yaye ekugqibeleni baye bakwazi ukuba imali ngentlawulelo yena umhlaba. Xa umongameli elilandelayo, yokuphelisa ubukhoboka eUnited States, wayeneminyaka elithoba ubudala, umama wakhe wasweleka. Yaba yabanjwa onzima lo mntwana. Abraham Lincoln wakhula ningazani kakhulu uyise cwaka lwabacaphukisa ukwenza umsebenzi onzima sele nto uyiphathisiweyo kuyo ukususela ebuntwaneni.

Ukulungiselela Ukwakheka Abraham oselula

Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokufa liqabane uThomas Lincoln watshata uSara, umhlolokazi Kentucky nabantwana abathathu siqu. Wayeyintokazi eyomeleleyo bubele uAbraham ngokukhawuleza wafumana ulwimi olufanayo. Nangona isibakala sokuba abazali bobabini le nkwenkwe baba kakhulu kusenokwenzeka abangafundanga, uSara wanyanzelisa ukuba Abraham Lincoln bafunda ukufunda. Le ncwadi baba kusilela omkhulu Indiana entlango.

Kunye Abamelwane kamva uyakhumbula, njengoko uMongameli Abraham elizayo wahamba iikhilomitha ezininzi, ukuboleka incwadi. Wayesoloko funda usapho iBhayibhile kunye nezinye iincwadi ethandwa ngelo xesha - ezifana "Robinson Crusoe" okanye "Iintsomi Aesop kaThixo".

Ukuqala ubomi ozimeleyo

Xa Abraham Lincoln wayeneminyaka emashumi mabini anambini, ikholelwa ukuba ifikelele i yobudala apho lixesha ukuqala ubomi elizimeleyo. Wayeyindoda umfana ezibhityileyo, kodwa emzimbeni womelele kakhulu, kwaye umyalelo kakuhle ngezembe. Lincoln Young bafudukela kuluntu elincinane New Salem, Illinois, apho iminyaka wasebenza umrhwebi.

Kulapha, phakathi kuluntu, oko irhweba izakhono zezentlalo hones italente ngumbalisi, ngubani owenze ithandwa phakathi bendawo. Ngowe-1832 iqala imfazwe phakathi eUnited States Native American, yaye uAbraham uza ngokuzithandela. Xa amadabi zomkhosi wayengekho inxaxheba, kodwa wakwazi ukufumana ezinye abafowunelwa ezibalulekileyo yezopolitiko.

Njengoko umsebenzi ngifuna wezopolitiko

Emva kwemfazwe, Lincoln waqalisa yakhe imisebenzi yezopolitiko kunye wonyulwa kwiNdlu yoWiso- e Illinois ngo-1834 njengelungu le-Whig Party. Nalapho ke baqale ukwakha izimvo zalo embi yobukhoboka. Kwaye hayi kuphela kwindawo yokuziphatha imbono kodwa nje imiqobo ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho.

Malunga nelo xesha, uAbraham wagqiba ukuba igqwetha, wafudukela Springfield kwaye iqala ukwenza ngendlela eqinile umthetho. Ngowe-1846, Lincoln wonyulwa ukuba United States House of Representatives, apho wakhonza isithuba esinye. Ngelo xesha, uAbraham ibonisa amandla iqela lakhe.

Lincoln uhleba Mexican-American War, waza wabhala oyilwayo yokuphelisa ubukhoboka kwisiThili Columbia, nembuyiselo abanikazi, kodwa uyala umthetho oyilwayo, njengoko wasilela ukuqokelela abaxhasi ngokwaneleyo. Ngelishwa, akunjalo alikafiki ixesha xa ubukhoboka wabhangiswa eUnited States. Kwaye kukho inkxaso encinane kakhulu-nkqubo ezinjalo. Ikota yesibini Avraam Linkoln awuqalanga ziqhubeke umthetho wakhe nokuziqhelisa Springfield.

Xa United States uyekwe ubukhoboka. Unyaka ekuqaleni kwembambano eqolo

Ngo-1850, ikhoboka nangoku zomthetho kwi-United States. Kodwa jikelele kuso phantse eUnited emantla, kuquka Illinois, ogama yokuqala siseko ka-1818 lithintela yobukhoboka, njengoko kufunwa yi-sigqibo North-Western. Ngoko xa ubukhoboka wabhangiswa eUnited States? Kwaye yintoni oku Lincoln?

Xa th 1854 Congress udlula Kansas-Nebraska Act, leyo lwatshitshisa Missouri Compromise. Wabalela wobukhoboka yemihlaba Mississippi River. Kwaye ngoku ethile intsimi tiendlela xiboho ngokwabo, kufuneka sivumele ubukhoboka okanye hayi. Umthetho kwavusa inkcaso olomeleleyo Kansas kunye Illinois. It yavusa inzondelelo kwezopolitiko ka-Abraham Lincoln, ngubani ofuna ukuba ekugqibeleni zipheliswe ubukhoboka eUnited States. Ngowe ngo1856 waye wajoyina i-Republican Party.

Ngowe-1857 th kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo wanika phantsi isigqibo impikiswano, echaza ukuba African-Amerika ayengabemi kwaye musa ukuba akukho amalungelo azalwa. Kodwa Lincoln wathi ngokupheleleyo bonke abantu badalwe kunye namalungelo athile bucala kwenye. Ude Imiceli uStephen Douglas endaweni US Senator. Kodwa yowiso onyulwe Douglas.

Kwaye ngo 1860 abapolitiki e Illinois lahlela umkhankaso exhasa Lincoln ukuba ngumongameli. Kunyulo jikelele, uAbraham wavuka mane ekhulwini kuvotwe. Phambi kumiselwa, umongameli omtsha elinesithandathu - Lincoln, ngoMatshi 1861, uthi ezisixhenxe wasezantsi arhoxa olo manyano. Yaqala ezibiza kakhulu kwaye ungquzulwano esabulala of America. Kodwa ke eli xesha kwakhokelwa ixesha ubukhoboka wabhangiswa eUnited States.

Ukuqala imfazwe kunye nokupapashwa umthetho omtsha

Abraham Lincoln wasabela ntlekele, ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye umongameli phambi naye alinge. Ukuthatha evela ebuncwaneni kwezigidi ezibini zeerandi ngaphandle kwemvume Congress, wachitha ngalo izinto imfazwe ekuthiwa amavolontiya amashumi asixhenxe anesihlanu amawaka emkhosini ngaphandle isibhengezo yemfazwe. Nangona kokoyiswa yokuqala, uyakwazi ukugcina isimo salo Union Army, kunye January 1, 1863, wadlula umthetho bonke abantu abathe zigcinwa njengamakhoboka, ngoku ukuba akhululwe. Lo ibingunyaka xa ubukhoboka wabhangiswa eUnited States.

Ngokuthe ngcembe idabi weza esiphelweni. Kananjalo, no-Aprili 9, 1865, Jikelele Robert E. Lee wanikezela imikhosi yakhe. Le impi. Ngelishwa, Abraham nje eninzi sabaxhasi, kodwa ubuncinane abaninzi iintshaba, ongazange ukuxhasa iimbono zakhe zopolitiko, abe uphuhliso eqinileyo ekukhuseleni amalungelo nenkululeko yomntu ngamnye. Kwaye Aprili 14, 1865 lowo owakubhangisayo ubukhoboka eUnited States, owabulawa umdlali odumileyo kunye esihloko limise Dzhonom Uilks Booth. Ngoko ke ngesiquphe kuphazamiseka ubomi kunye nomsebenzi yezopolitiko ngumongameli elinesithandathu eUnited States.