China: Indawo wejografi. China: labemi, imozulu, imephu

A elikhulu indawo lizwe na indawo entle geographical - China. Le elise East Asia. isiqabu yayo zahlukahlukene kakhulu. E China, kukho iintaba, iinduli, amathafa, enkangala, iintlambo emlanjeni, entlango. Yeyona lizwe kakhulu bantu baninzi ehlabathini. Kodwa iindawo China enkulu kakhulu kuyo. Ngapha koko, inkoliso yabantu buzinze ezinkqantosini.

indawo okuyo

China kwimephu yehlabathi kuthatha isikhundla kunxweme olusentshona i-Pacific Ocean. indawo yayo phantse kulingana naleyo lonke Europe. China ithatha indawo ka-million 9.6 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Xa indawo, ilizwe obugqitha Russia kunye Canada kuphela.

indawo eTshayina ibanga ngeekhilomitha 5200 ukusuka empuma kuye entshona kunye neekhilomitha 5500 ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi. Ingongoma yempuma lizwe imi ekudibaneni Ussuri kunye Amur Rivers, entshonalanga - in the Pamir kwiiNtaba, i yomzantsi - kuquka i Spratly Islands, i yomntla - kwi Amur River okwilizwe Mohe.

China kwimephu yehlabathi ngomoya wasempumalanga ngu kweelwandle eziliqela ukuba yinxalenye ye-Pacific Ocean. Unxweme yelizwe ibanga km 18.000. ELwandle e China kudala umda namazwe ezintlanu: Indonesia, Malaysia, eJapan, Brunei kunye Philippines.

Ukususela ngasezantsi, emantla nasentshona eyipasile umda komhlaba. Ubude bayo km 22117. Xa umhlaba, China abe umda ne-Russia, North Korea, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, India, iLaos, Vietnam, eMyanmar.

Isikhundla geographical of China kakhulu elungileyo kuphuhliso kwazo kwezoqoqosho.

ukukhululeka

Le ukukhululeka lizwe zahlukahlukene kakhulu. China, ogama geography ubanzi, uye landscape asinde. It iqulathe kumanqanaba amathathu, ukuhla ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma.

Emzantsi-ntshona zikarhulumente i Tibetan Plateau kunye malayas. Bona linqanam liphezulu kubume kwilizwe afana neTshayina. IJografi kunye nesimo sendawo ikakhulu ibandakanya ephakamileyo, umhlaba kunye neentaba. Eli nqanaba lisezantsi, equka weentili, ifumaneka kufuphi nonxweme.

ntshonalanga China

Inxalenye eliphezulu zentaba ehlabathini ise kumzantsi-ntshona weli lizwe. Ngaphandle China, malayas ndasolula kwi-Indiya, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan. Emdeni karhulumente phantsi ingqalelo yi-9 ka-14 ezintabeni umhlaba liphezulu - Everest Chogori, Lhotsze, Makalu, Cho Oyu, Shishapangma, Chogori, iincopho ezininzi Gasherbrum uluhlu.

Tibet Plateau ifumaneka kumntla malayas. Yeyona inkulu ubukhulu litshabalale ihewu liphezulu ehlabathini. It ingqongwe iintaba macala onke. Ukongeza malayas, Tibetan Plateau abamelwane - Kunlun, Qilian shan, Karakoram, iintaba Sino-Tibetan. Abokugqibela babo kunye ezikufutshane Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau iindawo ingafikeleleki. Wanqumla nzulu imilambo iteksti, i Salween kunye Mekong.

Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu yobume geographical eTshayina emazantsi-ntshona iphawulwa entabeni.

Northwest China

Emantla-ntshona kwilizwe elikufuphi Tibetan Plateau zezi Tarim Basin, Taklimakan Intlango kunye Turpan Depression. Injongo yokugqibela yeyona zinzulu e-East Asia. Eminye emantla ibekwe Junggar ethafeni.

East of the Tarim Basin uthelekisa indawo ngakumbi okuyo. China kwezi ndawo litshintsha landscape emaqeleni neentlango. Nguwo lo ummandla ongaphakathi Mongolia Ukuzilawula Region. Kubhaliwe ikwithafa phezulu. inxalenye yakhe kakhulu iyintlango kunye Gobi Alashan. I Loess Plateau nemelene kuyo ukusuka ezantsi. Le ndawo utyebe kakhulu kwaye osisityebi emahlathini.

mpumalanga China

Le yomntla-mpuma yinxalenye lizwe tyaba kakhulu. Akukho Ezintabeni phezulu entabeni. Kule nxalenye ye China kucacile Sunlyao. It singqongwe ziintaba amancinci - Hinggan Greater kwaye Njengomncinane, Changbai.

Northern China

Kumantla China swi ummandla omkhulu kwezolimo. Le yinxalenye lizwe yenziwa amathafa enkulu. Bona kakuhle ukutya imilambo kwaye echumayo. Ezi ithafa Lyaohesskaya kunye North China.

mpumalanga ye China

I-mpuma weli lizwe lususela Ridge Huayyanshan ukuya Qinling etintshaveni. Ukuze oko kubandakanya kwisiqithi Taiwan. Lo mhlaba wendawo ibandakanya ikakhulu iintaba, iintlambo ngelinye kunye nemilambo.

Southern China

Emzantsi zindawo Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan kunye inxenye. Kwakhona iquka unyaka-ngeenxa zonke iiholide kwisiqithi Hainan. Lo mmandla lendawo eqhuba iinduli neentaba ezincinane.

Climate and sezulu

Imozulu yeli lizwe ayikho iyunifomu. It iphenjelelwa indawo. China kwimimandla emithathu zemozulu. Ngoko ke, imozulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe yahlukile.

Northern nasentshonalanga China kwindawo nganiso imozulu lizwekazi. Kobushushu apha -7 ° C ngexesha lasebusika, nangona kukho, oko kusithwa 20 ° C. Ehlotyeni, ubushushu ke + 22 ° C. Kuba ebusika kunye ekwindla luphawulwa yimimoya anamandla babebona.

Central China ukho kwindawo isimo esihle. Ebusika ubushushu umoya 0 ukuya -5 ° C. Ehlotyeni, ukuba igcinwe + 20 ° C.

Southern China kunye iziqithi babe zemvula sezulu. Kukho sikali Ibanga ebusika ukusuka +6 ukuya + 15 ° C, kwaye ihlobo eyandileyo + 25 ° C. Kuba le ndawo lizwe uphawuleka zizaqhwithi ezinamandla. Baya kuthi ebusika kunye ekwindla.

imvula yonyaka kunciphisa kunye kumzantsi mpuma-ntshona nomntla - malunga 2,000 ukuya kuma-50 mm.

labantu

Ngokutsho idatha ka-2014, 1,36 billion abantu sikarhulumente. A lizwe enkulu, China likhaya kwi-20% abemi komhlaba.

Le urhulumente yayisecicini uhloba lobunzima ukufuduka. Ngoko ke, urhulumente uyasokola ngezinga sokuzalwa eliphezulu. injongo yakhe - to omnye umntwana ngosapho. Kodwa nkqubo yezibalo yenziwa eguquguqukayo. Ngoko ke, uvunyelwe ukuba azale umntwana wesibini amaqela eentlanga, kunye neentsapho abahlala kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ukuba umntwana wokuqala - intombazana okanye ezingaqhelekanga ngokwasemzimbeni.

Inxenye yabemi oluchasene-nkqubo onjalo. Yena ingakumbi ungonwabi emaphandleni. Ngapha koko, kukho imfuno ephakamileyo ukuba ukuzalwa inani elikhulu lamakhwenkwe njengoko abasebenzi elizayo.

Kodwa ukwanda kwabantu kulindeleke iya kuqhubeka bekhula, ngale nto. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2030 China uya kuphila abantu kwebhiliyoni enesiqingatha.

nengxinano yabemi

Abemi isasazwa edyokhweni kwilizwe liphela. Oku kungenxa iimeko ezahlukeneyo ngeendawo. Ukuxinana avareji labemi ngabantu 138 square kilometre. Eli nani kubonakala yamkeleke kakhulu. Akaphindi athethe ukwanda. Ngapha koko, eli nani efanayo ekuso ukuba amanye amazwe aseYurophu.

Kodwa avareji akubonisi meko. Kweli lizwe kukho iindawo apho phantse akukho mntu uhlala kunye nobomi babantu 21.000 square kilometre e Macau.

Isiqingatha sabemi lizwe cishe kuyo. amaTshayina abahlala nezitya emlanjeni, amathafa echumayo. Kwaye kwiinduli Tibet, ezinkqantosini ka Gobi kunye Taklamakan phantse akukho zokuhlala.

nokwakheka kaZwelonke zabemi kunye nolwimi

Ilizwe likhaya beentlanga ezahlukahlukeneyo. Inkoliso yabantu iqwalasela ngokwako Hans. Kodwa ukongeza kubo, 55 mahluko uhlanga eTshayina. Iintlanga ezinkulu - Zhuang, isiManchu, eTibet, kwenqwaba ubuncinane - le ngokungqalileyo.

Iziyelelane kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe nazo ezahlukeneyo. Umahluko phakathi kwabo omkhulu ukuba ngumhlali esemazantsi China akaqondi i North. Kodwa kwilizwe kukho ulwimi putunha yesizwe. abahlali Chinese, ukusuka kummandla ukuya kummandla, zinyanzelekile ukuba bayime, ukuphepha iingxaki zonxibelelwano.

Kwakhona eqhelekileyo kweli lizwe Mandarin okanye Beijing lwesigodi. Kokuba kube nokuqwalaselwa isicelo indlela putunhe. Emva Mandarin onelungelo-70% yabemi.

Inkolo kunye neenkolelo zoluntu

Ukususela phakathi kwinkulungwane XX e China njengokuba urhulumente wamaKomanisi, zange yamkelwa ukuba balandele iinkolelo zabo zonqulo neenkolelo. UThixo Akakho yaba kwiimbono esemthethweni.

Kodwa ukususela ngowe-1982 kwabakho utshintsho kulo mbandela. Lo mgaqo-siseko sabhalwa ilungelo lenkululeko yonqulo. Iinkonzo zixhaphakileyo apha ubuConfucius, Buddhism nobuTao. Kodwa othandwayo ubuKristu, Islam, kubuYuda.

Imizi inkulu

E China, oluninzi kwizixeko ezikhulu. Abemi beli lizwe akayi zasedolophini. Kodwa apho iqala ukwakhiwa komzi, ngayo ikhula ilingane sixeko enkulu, uzalela ndawonye inani elikhulu zokuhlala, ushishino, urhwebo, ushishino kunye neendawo zezolimo. Ngokomzekelo, Chongqing. Yeyona ngummeli inkulu mizi. Ngokutsho 2014 bakhona abantu abazizigidi 29. indawo yayo phantse ngokulinganayo ukuya kummandla Austria kwaye 82400 ezikwere zeekhilomitha.

Ezinye imizi emikhulu Shanghai, Tianjin, Harbin, Guangzhou kunye, Kakade ke, Beijing, ikomkhulu China.

Peking

I-Chinese ukubiza Beijing Beytszin. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwikomkhulu wasentla. design Urban features geometry elula. Streets oriented iindawo zehlabathi.

Beijing - ikomkhulu China kunye enye imizi umdla kweli lizwe. Intliziyo yakhe Tiananmen Square. Eguqulelwe lithetha "Isango Yoxolo oseZulwini." Eyona isakhiwo kwi square - le yamangcwaba ka Mao Zedong.

An nal ebalulekileyo iSixeko Akuvumelekanga. Ibizwa ngokuba National Palace. Kuyinto entle yamandulo ebhotwe.

Akukho umdla kangako kunye Summer Palace Yuanminyuan. Oku izakhiwo umyezo-ebhotwe. Akumangalisi ke zidibene imilambo ezincinane, iibhulorho nobumbejembeje, iingxangxasi, izakhiwo zokuhlala. I-atmosfera okuhle kunye nomoya wobunye phakathi komntu kunye nendalo.

Kwikomkhulu, kukho iitempile ezininzi iintshukumo zonqulo njengamaBhuda, ubuConfucius, nobuTao. Enye yazo kakhulu umdla. Oku Temple of Ezulwini Tian Tan. Nguye isakhiwo zonqulo kuphela enembonakalo setyhula. Kuye udonga ekhethekileyo. Ukuba uthi ilizwi ngayo, nkqu ukusebeza kwakuzolile, uya kulo ubude bayo.

Enye into ebangel 'itempile ongunaphakade ukuchulumacha Lama. It Isakhiwo zonqulo Lamaist. Kukho oqingqiweyo Buddha, zaba nemikrolo ukusuka buti enye sandalwood. Ubude bayo ngu-23 leemitha.

E Beijing, esebenza kakhulu lwembali. Ingakumbi okuphawuleka National Art Gallery. It zindlu ingqokelela enkulu yokudweba Chinese. Akukho umdla kangako ke Museum of History yeSizwe, nabanako ndazilanda zonke indlela kuphuhliso eTshayina.

Attraction i Street Wangfujing. Le yindawo abayithandayo xa uhamba phakathi zombini abakhenkethi kunye nabantu basekuhlaleni. Ibali Street yaqala kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-700 eyadlulayo. Ngoku ngokutsha. Le esitratweni ifumaneka kwiziko lokuthenga. It ngokuvumelanayo idibanisa inkcubeko bamandulo mihla.

Kufuphi Beijing Great Wall iqala. Ngayo, uninzi lwabantu kunye lizwe enxulumene. Esi sakhiwo grand. Ibanga km 67.000. Ukwakhiwa udonga ubukho kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-2,000.