Zivalisise - kukuba silwanyana?

Namhlanje singatsho kakuhle ukuba xa itywina ngenxa eziliqela iimeko kakhulu, wabulawa ngethuba zazivelela njenge uhlobo, ngoko ke Umhlaba wanzonza kakhulu a. Kutheni? Sizama ukuphendula umbuzo kweli nqaku.

Emva kokuyifunda, uya kufumana inkcazelo malunga nokuba siyintoni na isilwanyana lomsesane wokutywina, yintoni na ixabiso layo, yintoni features ngayo, njalo-njalo.

ulwazi jikelele

Common Igama zasemanzini ezincancisayo ezi ntsapho amatywina (lweCaspian, engqongwe kunye Baikalian) - ngetywina.

amatywina Sea eRussia isasazeka ukusuka Murmansk emideni wethu Strait, kuqukwa amanzi Franz Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya, Severnaya Zemlya, uLwandle White and the New Siberian Islands. Oku ezikuyo inxalenye yonxweme lolwandle Okhotsk, kuquka abaninzi zokupaka ayo amanzi onxweme ye-Tatar Strait, Sakhalin Gulf kunye East Sakhalin. uphawu yokuhlala ifikelela unxweme isiqithi Japanese ka Hokkaido.

Kukho kwakhona amatywina ezihlala echibini ngamanzi ahlaziyekileyo. Umzekelo, yayingeyiyo Russian Lake izimvu yaziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi hayi nje kuba edikeni ebalaseleyo nobumnandi. amanzi ayo kuhlala silwanyana esisodwa, leyo naphi na imithombo efanayo. Olu phawu, izezo zifumaneka kunye relict zezilo ephakamileyo. Libizwa ngokuba zamanzi uphawu.

incazelo

Ngoobani aba amatywina? Ezi ezanyisayo emangalisayo unawo umzimba fusiform, ngobunono ukuziqengqa sisentlokweni yakhe.

Ukwanda bafikelele 165 cm kunye nobunzima babo kg-50 ukuya 130. ezinamathele isilwanyana iqulethe isixa esikhulu namanqatha ongama, ngokugqibeleleyo igcina ubushushu emanzini abandayo yaye kunceda isilwanyana ukuba ulinde ixesha elide ukunqongophala kokutya, ngokunjalo kwamanzi abambelele ngexesha ubuthongo. Abalali kangangokuba yoyi ukuba nokuba kukho amaxesha xa lwawo ungalucima ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ebuthongweni babo.

isikhumba isilwanyana obomeleleyo ogubungele nzima, exineneyo mfutshane idyasi iinwele. Phakathi kweminwe banalo indlebe kunye zinamaphiko ngaphambili zixhotyiswe neenzipho ezinamandla. Kuyinto ngenxa seals omzimba phambi ngokwenza ofaka kwi ngumkhenkce, ukuphuma emva ezingela kwaye ukhululeke kwi ematyeni okanye ngumkhenkce, kwaye siphefumle umoya omtsha.

Uphawu unendlela elinawo ukuhlala phantsi kwamanzi imizuzu ukuya ku-40 ngokuqhubekekayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho imali encinane yokukhanya kunye nokuqulethwe zomongomoya onyibilikisiweyo egazini. Ngenxa ngemilenze isilwanyana isecaleni ngokukhawuleza phantsi kwamanzi, kodwa phezu kwayo kakhulu nexhala futhi.

Seal Lake zamanzi

Ngaphambili, i-izimvu uphawu isilwanyana gqitha ayeze, ingakumbi phakathi kwizizwe, lubaluleke kakhulu kwenkqubo yokuzingelwa yolwandle. Nangoku, ezinye i Orochi ufakwe emlonyeni itywina enencindi ikonofile endle kunye necuba, kuba oko kubo uhlobo yombingelelo Tam, apho uphawu kakhulu efanelekileyo ngenxa yokuba inkosi element zaselwandle.

Ngemihla yakudala, itywina lokuzingela zamanzi kwakubaluleke kwezoqoqosho kakhulu nobomi zasekuhlaleni, ukuveliswa kwezi zilwanyana lilinganiselwa kangako. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo iimfele itywina uboya (abaselula abadala ngokufanayo) yeyona ezingcono ekrwada uboya, ngoko ke ngaphezu noku.

Habitat izimvu zamanzi

Ehlotyeni (Juni) nonxweme kwiziqithi Ushkaniye ekujoliswe linani elikhulu kwezi zilwanyana - siqithi ngenxa kubo ofudumeleyo rookery yendalo yendalo. Ukutshona kwelanga, iintini baqale umbutho wabo yokunikana ziqithi.

Ngexesha kuneqabaka okunzima eSiberia chibi iqina ngokupheleleyo. Phambi kokuqala ngengqele itywina yezulu usebenzisa amazinyo, xa ihamba phambili neenzipho ezibukhali dig uphefumla imigodi ngokwabo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ebusika phezu komhlaba ichibi ekhenkcezisiweyo ixesha elininzi nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.

Kwimveliso industrial

Zivalisise - isilwanyana, equlethe izixa ezikhulu namanqatha eqaqambileyo, inazo iimpawu luncedo ekwenzeni amayeza. Ukuveliswa woqoqosho amatywina namhlanje, ezifana kumakhulu eminyaka eyadlulayo, ukusukela iinjongo ezifanayo.

Namanqatha esilwanyana ngabantu abaninzi isetyenziswa ngempumelelo unyango lwezifo ezithile ezinxulumene emzimbeni (nangokurhala, frostbite), kunye nenyama yayo isetyenziselwa ukutya kunye ukuswela ivithamin C (ezifana kwi ukhwekhwe).

Sekunjalo, izizathu eziphambili ezinkulu-isikali imveliso noshishino - iintsuba zexabiso isilwanyana. Iminqwazi nempahla ukusuka shinyi, koboya kunye ngelaphu ngokobunene zithandwa kakhulu kubahlali North, kwaye kwimimandla ekumzantsi ngakumbi.

buphindwe

uphawu amantshontsho, ngokuqhelekileyo livela phakathi ku-Matshi. Emva kokuba Ekupheleni kobusika, imazi akhasa ephuma emanzini kwi umkhenkce azale iintsana. Kodwa ke kuqala female akhe den kwikhephu ngenxa abafundi zabo elizayo.

Ngelishwa, ngeli xesha itywina engqongwe lujongene nengozi enkulu - ukuba lula ixhoba abangenamvume ezininzi kunye abazingeli. Ziyindlela seals azalwe usana, kodwa babe babini, okanye ngaphezulu.

ubunzima Ukuzalwa, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga 4 kilograms. Bona ozalwa iintsuba ezintle kunene ezimhlophe, ewanika imfudumalo kunye sifihle inokuthenjwa ekhephini.

Emva kuhluma ngophawu Lithole unenxaxheba uboya ubuhle.

sokuphila

Ukukhula itywina njengoko ubude kunye nobunzima, kukho ixesha elide (ukuya kwiminyaka eli-20). Ezinye izilwanyana afe 'nedorosshimi ", njengoko iminyaka yabo avareji kubemi ilingana kwiminyaka 8-9 kuphela. Kukho iimeko abanye amatywina Zinokuphila zide zibe neminyaka 40-60, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu. Malunga nesiqingatha sabo bonke abantu - itywina oselula malunga neminyaka emi-5 ubudala. izilwanyana abadala (iminyaka 6-16 ubudala) ezenza inxalenye enkulu enye isiqingatha amatywina.

Zivalisise - esi silwanyana singaqhelekanga ngengqiqo yokuba ubudala bakhe, oosonzululwazi baye bafunda ukuba ubazi aso okanye iinzipho, apho ubona amakhonkco yonyaka, afana nalawo kufuneka ukugawula imithi.

ukudla

Isiseko lamatywina ukutya elwandle - intlanzi kunye saselwandle esineqokobhe, ngazo aggregations ezinkulu kwiingcamba ophezulu amanzi.

Okona kutya ndikuthandayo itywina izimvu - i izimvu kunye goby fish golomyanka. Kulo nyaka, isilwanyana usebenzisa ngaphezu kokuba ton feed yezilwanyana. Maxa wambi lungena ukutya kunye Cisco nama-3% yokudla zemihla ngemihla.

anika umdla

1. Dlinnomordye kunye izibuko amatywina kunye iindlovu ulwandle babelana yokuhlala efanayo - ulwandle.

2. Tywina - ukuba loo Diver enkulu, nako ukufikelela kubunzulu iimitha ezingama-400.

3. Ngokubanzi, amatywina musa ukuphila kumanzi acocekileyo, kodwa chibi izimvu eRashiya iye yaba ikhaya wokwenene amanye amalungu entsapho. Njani abantu kwezimvu e Lake zamanzi? Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, lona luhlala ingaziwa. Ngokutsho legend mnye, kwezi ndawo kukho abathile channel ezingaziwayo komhlaba osuka kwelo chibi olwandle. Izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa akukho bungqina oku. Eyona kwikhondo i izimvu ngokulitywina Angara kunye Yenisei. Oku kuqatshelwe ukuba apha ngendlela efanayo kwaye betha i omul iintlanzi.