Nur - Nur-Sarysu emlanjeni

inkqubo Water e Kazakhstan - kuyinto inethiwekhi enkulu yemilambo elisingise mgapha kwintsimi lizwe. Phakathi amachibi amaninzi karhulumente ubungakanani bayo ibalaselisa Nur-Sarysu. Yena asuka ezintabeni Kyzyltas. Eyona projekthi inkulu nkqubo wamanzi umlambo yi Nur. Oku ngaye kwaye kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kweli nqaku.

Ulwazi kwi Nura River

Nura - emlanjeni, obususela kumthombo ukuya emlonyeni Nur-Sarysu isitya, endihleli nsimu layo ngabantu abazizigidi 1. It avela kumathambeka wasentshona Kyzyltas ukuya Tengiz echibini. Umlambo imalunga 1000 km (978 km). Wamanzi uye nemingenela ezintathu eziphambili: Ulkenkundyzdy, Sherubai-Nur, kunye Akbastau.

Ummandla apho umlambo Nura, libhekisela omnye kwimimandla ezininzi ngokoma Kazakhstan, njengokuba kubhaliwe ibekwe ngaphakathi Kazakh inkangala - emathafeni indawo kunye iinduli ezincinane. ukuliphuphumalisa ixesha entwasahlobo. Summer umlambo ngokuqhelekileyo owomileyo kufuphi umthombo, yaye ebusika - iqina. Kwakhona kwixesha ishushu yaloo nyaka amanzi ezantsi kwe Nura uba amtyuba. Ngenxa kuqala ubusika ngoNovemba, emlanjeni igutyungelwe ngumkhenkce, eqala kuphela ukuba ndidilize ekuqaleni kuka-Aprili.

ungcoliseko umfula

Nura - umlambo eye ezingcoliswe komphutha weekhemikhali ukusuka mveliso. Ngoko ke, kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane lokugqibela, inkampani "carbide" enokulahlwa lidike malunga 1000 iitoni mercury. Kulo mba, njengeentlanzi ezibanjiswe kwezinye iindawo omlambo, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba adle. Noko ke, asiyiyo loo meko ezibalulekileyo njengoko kusenokubonakala xa efika kuqala. Mercury ukho kule adsorbed karhulumente, kwaye ngenxa yoko akuthethi ingxaki enkulu ebomini kunye nempilo yabantu balapha. Nura - umlambo ukuba unalo ezininzi "abahlobo xa ezibuhlungu." Umzekelo, iqondo esinombala iyilwe uye elwandle kufuphi nesixeko Japanese ka Minamata. izixa ezikhulu lesigidi akhutshelwe emanzini ngomnye izityalo ezikufuphi, sabangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimpilo balapho.

Ukuhlanjululwa Nura ukususela ngo-2001 kuye ngendlela ebaluleke kakhulu karhulumente Kazakhstan. Yaba ngeli xesha lwaqhutywa amakhulu-scale oluntsonkothileyo amanyathelo okususa ungcoliseko mercury lomlambo. Le projekthi ezithengwa nabasemagunyeni Kazakhstan ngokudibeneyo kunye neBhanki yeHlabathi.

ukuchithwa umfula

Entlakohlaza kukho iimpuphuma umlambo. Nur lisuke, njengoko inqanaba lamanzi liphuma kakhulu. Umlambo yenye inkulu ku Kazakhstan, ngoko nakuwo kubangela umonakalo omkhulu zokuhlala ezikufutshane. Ekuqaleni kuka-2015 umise irekhodi ngokuvusa inqanaba lamanzi kwi Velocity emlanjeni. Lenyuka 10 cm ngeyure nganye. Ukuze kuthintelwe imiphumela emibi onogumbe, yavelisa obhobhozayo kwamanzi uphothe kwi aphehla Nura.

Esona sizathu siphambili kuno eyomeleleyo hlobo Ukufudumala elibukhali onyaka, kwakunye isixa esikhulu kwezulu. Phantsi yempembelelo amanzi emvula efudumeleyo evela ezintabeni ukuqala amanzi emlanjeni.

abasemagunyeni Local elungiselela ngonyaka kuchitheke kunokwenzeka Nura ngenxa ingozi nezikhukula kwiidolophu ezikufuphi nasezilalini. Xa ezinjalo imimandla Kazakh Committee on Water Resources uthumela izinto zokwakha, kwakunye nezixhobo ezizodwa ukuba baphume olungxamisekileyo abantu balapho.

Usongo izikhukhula

Ngo-Epreli 2015 kwenzeka lonke zizikhukula. Nura River idla kweendonga zayo waphuncuka eweni, eyakhelwe ngokhuselo bezandyondyo kwiindawo ezikufutshane. Njengokuba kuphawuliwe, abasemagunyeni kwiidolophu, umonakalo enxulumene luthango phakathi, hayi edamini, ngoko nayiphi na ingozi enkulu. kuthuthwa lwethutyana kuya kuxhomekeka kuphela abahlali zezindlu ezikufuphi, ebekwe ngqo kwi ndawo Breakout.

Ngenxa Umlambo waba nako ukumelana kwixesha elifutshane ixesha wabulela izixhobo ezizodwa inani elikhulu labasebenzi.

Nura - umlambo kunye neempawu ezithile zendalo. Kungenxa yabo uze nezikhukhula zentlako-hlaza nezasehlotyeni, ekwindla yaye omisa ebusika ngaphandle emthonjeni. kwiidolophu ezikufutshane phantse yonke nyaka ngokuxhomekeke izikhukula, kodwa umonakalo omkhulu ayikho kuqhele ukuba njalo. Izikhukula ziye ingxelo kuphela phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Ukususela ngoko, kwakubon 'ukuba kukho idabi lobuchule kunye nabo abakwazi ukumelana pretty ngokukhawuleza, singavumeli amanzi omlambo abe amandla etshabalalisayo.