Ukukhansela ukuhamba eRashiya. Ukucinywa kohambo lwelizwe eRussia

Njengoko uyazi, ukuhamba kwangaphakathi kusebenza kwintsimi yaseRashiya. Xa ushiya ummandla ongummelwane, umthengi kufuneka akhokhe iifowuni kwixabiso elibi kakhulu. Ngaba kukho isisombululo kule ngxaki? Ukukhansela ukuhamba eRashiya kuye kwaxutyushwa yonke indawo, kodwa ngaba kuya kwenzeka kwikamva elikufutshane?

Kwixesha elizayo elisondeleyo, amaRussia kufuneka alindele ixabiso elitsha lomrhumo, apho iindleko zeefowuni ziza kuhlaselwa kwinqanaba lekhaya, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni indawo yokuthungatha inethiwekhi. Ngaphantsi kwemithetho emitsha, xa ufumana iifowuni ezivela kwamanye amadolophu kunye nemimandla, umrhumo awuyi kuhlawulwa. Imithetho yerhafu kulo lonke ilizwe iya kuhlala ingatshintshi.

Ingaba iingcali zibika?

Ulawulo lwe-Finam, kumntu wohlalutyi uMaxim Klyagin, uxela ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwale nyane kufuneka kwenzeke kungekudala, ekubeni ukupheliswa kohambo lwelizwe eRussia kuxazululwe kwaye akukho bunzima obukhethekileyo.

Kufanelekile ukuphawula ezinye iingongoma eziza kubangela ngokukrakra ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi. Intsimi yeRussia Federation ine-ubude obukhulu kunye nokungahlanjululwanga kweendawo, kwaye oku kunzima kakhulu umsebenzi kumbutho weziseko, kunye nokwandisa indleko yokugcinwa kwayo. Enyanisweni, kubalulekile ukuphawula ubunzima bokuqulunqa i-initiative ngokusebenzisa imigangatho yomthetho. Inxalenye ephambili yeendleko zemali iya kuthwala ngumthengi. Njengoko iingcali zithi, xa kutshintsha umthetho, kuya kubakho ukunciphisa kakhulu indleko yemirhumo kubemi ekuhlawuleleni i-intranetwork ehamba.

Imizamo yangaphambili

Ngo-2010, kwakukho iphini eliyilungu lezomthetho ukuphelisa ukuzula kwelizwe. Kodwa, ngelishwa, kwi-State Duma, kwakucatshangelwa kungekudala ukuphelisa iikhowudi ezikhoyo, ukuphikisana ukuba abaqhubi babamba iindleko ezongezelelweyo ekuncediseni iifowuni kumgangatho ophakathi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, umthetho onokukhansela ukuhamba eRashiya awunikwanga.

Yintoni ehambayo kunye nezinye izinto?

Ukuzulazula kwelizwe kukusetyenziswa kwenethiwekhi yomnye umqhubi weselula kwiimfuno zokuqala. Ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuphazamiseka kakhulu kubathengi, ukuhanjiswa kwesebe kuthatha indawo yeenkonzo ze-IP-telephony.

I-Intranet ihamba - apho umqhubi omnye usasaza iinkonzo ze-telephony kwi-intanethi yayo phakathi kwemimandla eyahlukeneyo yelizwe.

I-Volp (i-voiceover IP) - iteknoloji yeprotocol ye-IP ye-telephony kunye noqhagamshelwano. I-teknoloji ingasetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa komsindo, ukulandwa kwevidiyo, iifayile ezivakalayo kunye neenkqubo zokuxwayisa. Kwakhona ingasetyenziselwa ukusasazwa ngokusasazwa kweewebhu, iifilimu, imiboniso yeTV. Ekubeni ukurhoxiswa kokuzula eRashiya akukwenziwanga ukusebenza kuze kube yimanje, ukusetyenziswa kwezi zindlela ziza kuthi zithandwa kakhulu ngenyanga.

Oku kwenzeka ntoni?

Ngokutsho kweengcali, ukunyuka kwamanani kwesi sihloko kubonisa ukwanda ngokuthe ngqo kumncintiswano kwiimakethi zokuthengisa. Okokuqala, iteknoloji yeVoIP iya kunciphisa kakhulu indleko yeefowuni. Kungekudala, bonke abaqhubi beefowuni baya kunciphisa iindleko zeefowuni ekuhambeni, ukwenza iiphakheji zerhafu ezikhethekileyo.

Intlawulo yerhafu iyahlawulwa ngomzuzu. Ukuba unxibelelwano lwenziwe malunga nemizuzwana emithathu ibandakanya, intlawulo ayihlawulwanga. Xa ukuxhuma ababhalisi bevela kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo, abaqhubi bamaseli basebenzisa indawo kunye namanethiwekhi omde omde. Kwiimeko eziye zaphuhliswa kweli nqanaba, xa umthengi axhunyiwe kwilizwe lokuzulazula, inkqubo isebenzela inkonzo "yokuxhuma kwe-intranet".

Xa umthengi uya kuhamba kwenye indawo, enze i-intraregional ikhwelo apho, uya kuhlawula nge-network network.

Malunga nokuhamba kwelizwe

Ngenxa yokuba amanxibelelwano abaqhubi abakwazi ukumboza umhlaba wonke, banesidingo sokungena kwisivumelwano esivumelanayo kunye nabaqhubi bezinye imimandla yaseRashiya kwaye basebenzise ukufikelela kwabo ukuze baxhumane. Ngenkcazo, umnxibelelwano womninimzi nguye lowo ubhalisayo, apho yena ngokwakhe eba ngu-roumer.

Ukuba kukho ukupheliswa kwe-intranet ejikelezayo eRashiya, oku kuya kuba nefuthe kwimiphumo engapheliyo kwindlela yokulahleka kwengeniso kwabaqhubi beefowuni, ekugqibeleni ekuchaphazela umthengi wokugqibela, njengoko baya kubandakanya isabelo esibalulekileyo ekulahlekelweni kwengeniso. Lo uluvo lwabahlalutyi abadliwano-ndlebe abavela kwiRIA Novosti. Ngaloo nto, kubalulekile ukulindela ukwanda okukhulu kwiindleko zeefowuni.

Ukukhansela ukuhamba eRussia yinto yokukhawuleza ixesha?

Intloko ye-Antimonopoly Federal Service (FAS), u-Igor Artemyev, ngaphambili yathi kuyimfuneko ukukhansela ukuhamba kwekhaya, ngakumbi eCrimea. Ingqungquthela yobulungiseleli yabongoza uNgqongqoshe wezoNxibelelwano ukugqiba umsebenzi kulolu hlobo.

Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko wokunyuka kweerhafu uhlala ingxaki enkulu. Ngokutsho kwabahlalutyi, ukuzulazula kunika u-3-5% weengeniso kubanikezeli beefowuni.

NgokweNtloko yeSebe lezobuchwepheshe be-wireless Vitaly Solonin, emva kokupheliswa kokuhamba kwelizwe, kunye nomgaqo okhoyo weendlela ezihamba kude, inzuzo yabaqhubi be-telecom iya kuba malunga ne-3-5% yemali yabo yokunxibelelana.

Ngaba kukho ukwanda okwenyuka kwexabiso?

Ngokutsho kwakhe, ukuba awuvumeli ukuguqulwa komthetho, kukho umngcipheko wokunyuka kwentlawulo yezonxibelelwano zeselula. Kufuneka ulawulwe njani ukurhoxisa ukurhoxiswa eRussia? Kwiimeko zokukhula kwemali yabaqhubi kunengqiqo ukuqala kwakhona ukulungiswa komthetho wegatsha kummandla wendlela yokudluliselwa kwezithuthi, kwaye emva koko kuphela ukucima ukuhamba ngaphakathi kwelizwe. Ngaphandle koko, oku kuya kuchaphazela intlawulo yabasebenzisi bokugqibela, oko kuthetha ukuba abaqhubi baya kufuneka bahlawule ilahleko zabo.

UKonstantin Ankilov, ummeli we-TMT Consulting, naye wavumelana nesi sikhundla esingentla. Ngokutsho kwakhe, imali evela kwi-roaming i-5% kwingeniso yabaqhubi beefowuni. Le nxalenye ebalulekileyo kakhulu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabanikezeli abafanayo abafana ne-MTS kunye ne-MegaFon. Ukukhanselwa kokuhamba eRashiya kwiimeko ezinjalo, xa i-marhwebo ingasakhuli, iya kubangela ukunyuka okukhulu kwiindleko zonxibelelwano. Abaqhubi baya kuhlawula imali elahlekileyo ngokunyusa iirhafu, beshiya malunga nezinga elifanayo lokuzuza.

U-Ankilov wachaza nesimo sakhe sengqondo kwimirhumo ehambayo eCrimea kumajelo eendaba, ekuboneni ukuba ukwanda kwintlawulo yeentsebenziswano zezinye iinkampani.

Umbono ochaseneyo

Ngexesha elifanayo, umlawuli jikelele we-arhente yeendaba ezihlalutyo iTelcomDaily uDenis Kuskov ukholelwa ukuba ukuzula kwelizwe akuvelisi imali engaphezulu, kwaye ukucinywa kwayo akufanele kuthinte ukukhula kweerhafu. Ngokuya kuye, abaqhubi banamaphepha-mvume kwinqanaba lezemfundo kwaye banyanzelekile ukuba baqinisekise umsebenzi omnye kulo lonke elaseburhulumenteni. I-Minkomsvyaz ithatha indawo engafanelekanga - ungayithobeli into eyenzekayo kwaye uvumelane nezenzo zabasebenzisi. Njengoko i-EU iphumelele ukucima ukuzulazula ngokupheleleyo, kuthetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwenza eRussia, Kuskov ikholelwa.

Ukukhansela ukuhamba eRashiya: i-MTS kunye nabanye abaqhubi

Abaqhubi bee-cellular baxela ukuba ngoku basebenza ukunciphisa iirhafu zokuhamba.

Inkokheli yenkonzo yenkcazo yomniki-nkonzo "MegaFon" uDorokhina uJulia ukhunjulwe ukuba ngoku, abaqhubi baphethe i-traffic ngokusebenzisa amanxibelelwano omgama omde, othe wathonya ixabiso lokuqala lokuhamba. Kwixesha elizayo, ezi zindleko ziya kuncitshiswa ngokusungulwa kobuchwepheshe obutsha, kunye neendlela zokunxibelelana kwee-data (umzekelo, i-VoLTE), kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuwasebenzisa ngenxa yokungabi naso kwesiseko somthetho.

Kwakhona wachaza ukuba ngaba namhlanje ababhalisele iMegafon abahlala bejikeleza ngeRashiya banethuba lokudibanisa ukhetho olubizwa ngokuthi "Yiba ekhaya", ixabiso eliyi-ruble ezili-15 ngosuku. Oku kwenza kube lula ukunxibelelana ngohambo kwiindleko zommandla wekhaya.

Ziziphi iintlobo ezivela kwi-MTS Russia? Umqhubi uceba ukukhansela ukuhamba. I-MTS yayikhansela ngo-2015 malunga neentlawulo zee-series ze-Smart: umthengi, ekuhambeni kwelinye indawo, uhanjiswa ngokwemiqathango yerhafu yekhaya. Oku kwaziswa ngokusemthethweni ngu-Dmitry Solodovnikov - UNobhala wencwadi ye-MTS.

"I-Beeline" iqhuba umgaqo-nkqubo wokunciphisa amaxabiso ekuhambeni kwabo abathengi bawo. Xa usebenzisa amanani ephakheji "BONKE" ababhalisile banamakholi angenamkhawulo ukusuka kumboneleli "Beeline" phantse kulo lonke elaseRashiya. Kule meko, umsebenzisi ufumana isethi yamaminithi athobileyo, i-SMS kunye ne-intanethi ye-intanethi ngeendleko ngokulinganayo namaxabiso ommandla wekhaya. Ngaphezu koko, xa uhamba kwintsimi yeemimandla ezininzi zaseRashiya, unxibelelwano lunikezelwa ngamanani afanayo njengasekhaya. Oku kwaziswa ngokusemthethweni ngu-okhulumela i-Anna Aybasheva.

Ngako oko, amanyathelo asebenzayo sele esetyenziselwa ukuqeda ukuzula kwelizwe. Ngaba kuya kuba luncedo kwaye kulungelelanisi abathengi-oku kuya kubonakala kungekudala.