Zezifundo zokuyalezwa kumathala: igama kunye nokubhaliswa

Ukuze zikwazi ukutsala abafundi kwithala leencwadi ngoku kufuneka ukuba ibe nobunzima kakhulu kwaye sijonge iindlela ezingekho semgangathweni ekuphumezeni imisebenzi yayo. Yaye ke inxenye kubo Sizibandakanye sokushicilela, nto leyo yindlela iincwadi zokufunda kunye izibhengezo, kwakunye indlela eziluncedo ukwazisa abathengi. Ngoko kwakukho zezifundo zokuyalezwa kwiilayibrari, ezinceda abafundi indlela phakathi iincwadi amaninzi. Kwaye ezi loluhlu uhlobo olunye kuphela ezinceda bibliographical. Kodwa ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba le fomu ulwazi uyakukhetha ngakumbi kubantu abaninzi.

Ulwahlulo kolwazi bibliographical izixhobo

Eyona eziphambili ze ezinceda lombhalo:

1. Zesalathisi.
2. List.
3. Overview.

Enyanisweni, kukho intabalala yezibonelelo, ezifana nesincoko, amanqaku encwadi, iintyilalwazi, iincwadi zokukhangela izinto-njalo njalo. D. Kodwa ekunokuthiwa ngamnye kubo ukuya kwenye yezi nkalo zintathu.

Amaqela aids bibliographical:

- ezinkulu - lathisi, izincoko, reference, iirivyu loncwadi kunye neengqokelela;

- Small - iincwadana, amaphetshana, izintlu, njl ...

Okwangoku, ukwabiwa ekhethekileyo wafumana iifom nje ezingephi izixhobo bibliographical, kwaye kule kukho eziliqela yezizathu:

- kaninzi ingqalelo abafundi, ngenxa yokuba ulwazi ngazo ngqo kakhulu kwaye ayifuni elininzi ukufunda kwexesha;

- ukuba lula ukwenza, kwaye ngoko ke usoloko uvuselele, nto leyo eyenza iziqhamo ezinjalo umhla;

- uprinte uluhlu lweebhukmakhi kwaye kufuneka achithe ngaphantsi kakhulu kunokuba upapasho zezincoko kunye anthologies, yaye ngoko, iindleko ezo ukuvumela ithala naliphi na inqanaba - ukusuka engingqi ukuya kwiindawo ezinkulu zasemaphandleni.

zezifundo zokuyalezwa kumathala eencwadi

Ngoku cinga umahluko esisiseko uluhlu olunjalo ngamanye ulwazi lombhalo kunye neenzuzo ukuba unjani zombini uyilo kunye nesiqulatho. Esi sicwangciso ukufunda kunye bibliography.

Ngenxa yoko, reference zezifundo kumathala eencwadi - ngolwazi-bibliographical izixhobo ezincinane, izintlu zeencwadi, sakhiwa izihloko inomdla kakhulu ngeli xesha, okanye naliphi icala. Umzekelo, "abathandi indalo Young", "encwadini yam yokuqala", "Ubuhlobo uyazi akukho imida", "eChernobyl kwinkumbulo yethu," njalo njalo. D.

Umehluko omkhulu ukusuka lweencwdi zokuyalezwa - a narrowness yesihloko elinikiweyo, ezi nkcukacha kulo naliphi icala. Umzekelo, yiya kule ncwadi ebhekisela listi iimbekiselo, leyo ngesiqhelo kwi kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo - .. neeDiploma, Izicatshulwa, theses zobugqirha kunye umninindlu, njl Kwakhona ibhibliyografi yohlukile kwenziwe ngobulumko, iinkcukacha ezithile zinokufunyanwa kuwo - isihloko, ababhali, unyaka wokupapashwa, kwegazi, kodwa eyibhalela phantse engekhoyo.

Izintlu isincomo iincwadi kumathala iqulathe iincwadi 15-20 nangaphezulu, kanti izicwangciso engekho ngaphezulu kwe-5-6 ukufunda. Enyanisweni, kokukhona musa zahlukile. Kodwa izicwangciso ukufunda kunjalo thaca njengoko izibonelelo senzelwe ukuba umfundi efuna ukufundisa baze bandise zexa nokusebenza kunye nobungcali.

zezifundo zokuyalezwa kumathala: ukuhombisa indlela

Isigaba sokuqala - ukuba beze ne 'ukuthetha' title elungileyo uthabathe uncwadi. Iincwadi kufuneka kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuvula isihloko ekhethiweyo, asiyongcamango ilungileyo ukuquka amaxwebhu ngekhompyutha kunye neendaba kwiminyaka 3-5 eyadlulayo. Izintlu isincomo iincwadi zabantwana elayibrari kuquka iincwadi 15-20 ngenxa abadala kusenokubakho kancinci. Ukuba igama ngakumbi, umfundi kunzima kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa.

Emva koko, zonke iincwadi yahlulwe yangamacandelo ezininzi - omnye kwi wonke lo mbandela, kwaye 2-3 kwi ukujonga kwicala elinye. It lungahlulwa-hlulwa kunye imithombo - iincwadi, imihlathi, iincwadi, i-intanethi, njl

zezifundo zokuyalezwa kumathala kufuneka ibe intshayelelo, unako kwakhona ukudibanisa izivakalisi ezimbalwa malunga kwecandelo ngalinye ngokukodwa. Izicatshulwa kufuneka ngamafuphi kodwa ulwazi.

ingqalelo eyodwa kufuneka ihlawulwe ukuyila - le ncwadi kufuneka umbala, eqaqambileyo, kunye nemifanekiso elungileyo. Banakho ubonise le ncwadi igquma, imifanekiso kubo okanye nje ilingane umxholo. Unako ukusebenzisa kuyilo kwiincwadi imisebenzi.

umzekelo

Ephawula kakhulu ngokucacileyo kwilisti yeencwadi ukuya kumathala? Amagama - ukuba umntu umfundi ezinokubakho zikhokelwa, kwaye into yokuqala ozithandayo iliso lakho. Kungenxa headwords eziliqela umntu ngokukhawuleza isigqibo ukuba ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi. Nanku umzekelo izihloko ngempumelelo kuluhlu lweencwadi.

"Dossier of Sherlock Holmes"

Elungiselelwe 125 nokukhululwa incwadi Arthur Conan Doyle kaThixo "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes"

1. "I-Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes", A. K. Doyle.
2. "I Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes", A. K. Doyle.
3. "London ukulindela Holmes," potter.
4. "Le Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes. The Return of Sherlock Holmes ", A. K. Doyle.
5. "Msebenzi yam ukwazi ukuba abanye abazi," Vladimir Gladyshev.
6. "Siza kunceda uGqirha Watson," N. Kordina. umdlalo yokuloba.
7. "The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes", A. K. Doyle.
8. "Detective bonisa" kaYuri Demchenko. umdlalo yokuloba.
9. "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Killer - umhlobo wam, "A. K. Doyl.
10. "Amabali Sherlock Holmes," A. K. Doyl.
11. "Umbhali-mbali Ayiphumelelanga Conan Doyle", E. Gritsaenko.