Chukovskiy uNikolay: biography kanye photo

Chukovskiy uNikolay Korneevich - unyana noyise edumileyo, Russian kunye nombhali Soviet Korney Chukovsky, amazibulo akhe, nayo inxulumene ubomi bakhe uncwadi, iinguqulelo ukubhala kunye nemibongo. Wazalwa e Odessa, ngoNovemba 4, 1965. Unina - Maria B. - wazalwa Golfeld. Emva komtshato, wahamba nomyeni wayo e London, ngelo xesha wayesebenza othile yePhetshana eprintiweyo "Odessa News." Emva konyaka, waba sele ngomhla kwinyanga zokugqibela zokumitha, babuyela Odessa waza wazala unyana.

UNikolai Chukovsky: biography

Bonke ebuntwaneni bam UNikolai awayichitha Petersburg kwilali iiholide (kummandla St. Petersburg) Kuokkala. Singqongwe ngokweentsapho zabo umona. Utata wam abahlobo kunye kakuhle badume ababhali zoncwadi kunye iimbongi ezifana K. හසුරුව isiphathi, N. Z, M. Slonimsky, Kaverin, njl Ngoko ke, unyana yena ngokukhawuleza waqalisa kule folda. Nicholas nethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba zifake kwimemori ka-Alexander Blok. Summer 1921, yena notata wakhe kwafuneka Litfonda Cottage ntu ezinkulu ezifana Osip Hope, Khodasevich, R. Dobuzhinsky kunye nabanye.

Imfundo kunye nokusungula ekuqaleni

Chukovskiy uNikolay Tenishev waphumelela kwikholeji ngo-1921, wachitha iminyaka emininzi kwi izifundo e Yunivesithi yase Petrograd IFF (de-1924). Emva koko, ngo-1930 waphumelela WMC kwi-Institute of Art Imbali e Lenigrada.

Yaye kungekudala waqalisa ukusebenza Nikolaya Gumileva kwi studio boncwadi "zabavakalisa esinkini." Kwaye ngoko Chukovskiy uNikolay waba kufutshane kakhulu kwi "nabazalwana Serapion" Petrograd yomanyano ngababhali abatsha. Xa wada waba iqhawe umsebenzi "intshisakalo" satirical uMikhail Zoshchenko.

Voloshin

Ukususela ngowe-1922 ukuya 1928 kwemibongo yakhe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ishicilelwe phantsi elabo uNicholas Radishchev. Imibongo yakhe evunyiweyo Gorky, UNikolai Gumilyov, Khodasevich. Ngowe-1928, Chukovskiy uNikolay ukhupha yokuqokelela yokuqala yemibongo "Ngokusebenzisa kwiparadesi zasendle", emva koko uqala ukuzibandakanya perevodamm enkondlo.

Uyise laqalisa unyana wakhe Maximilian Voloshin - imbongi Russian edumileyo, umgxeki loncwadi kunye artist landscape kunye Mykola wada ndahlala naye Koktebel. Apho waqhelana komnye umbhali Russian adumileyo kunye mbongi - Alexander White.

Phakathi ku-ehlotyeni 1932 tour Chukovskij iphakheji waya luphumlo ekhaya Litfonda ku Koktebel. Apho wabona imihla yokugqibela yobomi Voloshin, abafa zestrowuku yesibini, Agasti 11, 1932. UNikolai Chukovsky waba emngcwabeni wakhe. Abahlobo bayithwala ibhokisi kwi ngezandla zabo encotsheni yenduli Kuchuk Yanyshar.

deal

Kweli thuba ukususela 1937 ukuya 1938, igama Chukovsky, kunye amagama L. Nikulin, V. Kibalchicha H. Kuklin, B. Lifshitz, kunye nabanye ndathunyelwa kwiimeko enkundleni kukuphazamiseka anti-eSoviet phakathi ababhali eMoscow iLeningrad. Abanjwe, wasinda ngengozi.

Ngowe-1939, Nicholas wayilwa sokungena emkhosini. Ekuqaleni, waba lilungu imfazwe eSoviet-Finnish, uze emva koko kwiMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu wakhonza kwiphephandaba voenkorom Army "Red Baltic Fleet." NgoJulayi 41 Chukovskiy uNikolay weza ngeenyawo ukusuka kwizibuko lweBaltic ka Paldiski ku Tallinn kunye naye iqela labantu ezininzi ukusuka bomber 10 Air Brigade, phantse kutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo amaJamani ngemihla yokuqala yemfazwe.

Xa ekwindla waloo nyaka bazibhala kufuphi eMoscow wabulala umninawa wakhe Boris. UNikolai ubunzima nzima kakhulu kukufa umzalwana wakhe.

Leningrad

Ngexesha abanya iLeningrad CHUKOVSKAYA mna edolophini. Wandula wenza abahlobo kunye abadume mhlalutyi, bibliophile A. Tarasenkova. Ngo-Oktobha 1943 wamiselwa umluleki Jikelele weSebe Political of Navy eSoviet Union, abapapashi Navy Sebe. ngokungummangaliso Omnye umbhali wasinda, kuba indlu overstayer ongasekhoyo Z Rachmaninoff kaThixo, akazange ukuphatha kukuvusa iibhulorho. Xa efika ekhaya kusasa, wabona ukuba indlu yakhe laqhushumbiswa.

Ngowe-1946, Nicholas exhaphaza. Kwaye ngoko ke waqalisa ukuguqulela imisebenzi ezithandwayo abadumile ababhali amazwe afana Marko Twain, R. L. Stivenson, E. Seton-Thompson, J. Tuwim kunye nabanye.

Kule 50 Chukovskij ezibandakanya memoirs. Xa Ngasekupheleni kobomi bakhe wayelilungu le-Union of Writers waseUSSR kunye RSFSR, waba ngusihlalo waloo candelo abaguquleli Union ezifanayo Writers yaye "Umbhali yiSoviet 'kulawulo yendlu lishicilela.

UNikolai Chukovsky: Book

umsebenzi lomsebenzi wakhe waqalisa imibongo, zemveli ngokupheleleyo ekwimo kunye nomxholo. Ekuqaleni yashicilelwa anthology "ushkuynikov" ngo-1922 phantsi elakho AN Radishchev, kwaba ezintathu yemibongo wakhe: "Kule uphahla zegolide", "umphefumlo" nelithi "Yaye ke izibane atshisa etempileni."

Kulo nyaka-ndaba "eve" une ezininzi kwizibongo nemibongo yakhe. Waza waqala ipapashwe indlwana "Russian Contemporary", "iLeningrad", "Red Unomyayi", "isinki zabavakalisa", njl Gorky inkxaso ngamandla amava echaza indoda aselula aneziphiwo. kuphela incwadi yakhe yemibongo "Ngokusebenzisa kwiparadesi zasendle" iya kukhutshwa ngo-1928.

wakhawuleza waqalisa ukusebenza kunye namaphephancwadi abantwana "lokhwalimanzi" yaye "Murzilka" apho ukubhala umbongo abantwana, kodwa wavakalisa ukugxekwa neze kakhulu, bathi, ukuba buthathaka kwaye akukho mfuneko ukukhumbula kubo.

Emva koko ishiya izibongo zabantwana naxhamla ngenxa inoveli yakhe "Youth" (1930), emva konyaka epapashwe ingqokelela Iinoveli amabali amafutshane, "Ikhaya kwelanga", emva koko ngo-1933 - ethi "The Tale", umhlalutyi esemthethweni wathetha kakubi ngabo: umbhali watyholwa imimango elinganiselwe.

impumelelo Creative yaba inoveli "Yaroslavl" (1938) malunga kwimvukelo anti-yiSoviet e Yaroslavl, 1918.

Emva kwemfazwe, umxholo ubuqhawe yaba enkulu. Xa inoveli yakhe "Sea Hunter" (1945) yenziwa bhanya-bhanya. Enye ankrelekrele ilungileyo imisebenzi yakhe yaba inoveli "Baltic Sky" (1955).

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

UNikolay Korneevich Chukovsky Wafa ngoNovemba 4, 1965. Ngokutsho umfazi wakhe linguLidiya, emva kwesidlo walala phantsi ukulala kwaye zange wavuka. Ukufa unyana ka Korney Ivanovich oneminyaka eli-83 ubudala simo esibuhlungu. Emva koko badla wabhala ngayo kwiidayari bakhe kunye neeleta.

N. K. Chukovskogo wangcwatywa eMoscow emangcwabeni Novodevichy. Wazimanya ne-Marina Nikolaevna Reinke (1903-1993 gg.). Wamzalela oonyana ababini - Nicholas (injineli-signalman) kunye Dmitri (director kamabonakude).

Ngomhla lokukhumbula ukufa lomnye "Serapion" kubhala ukuba Chukovsky waba enkulu umbhali 30, 40 no 50, kodwa indoda engama-20, obubonakala ngokuba yincwadi evuliweyo ulwazi luxanduva okhonzayo enkulu uncwadi, emlinganisweni incasa kunye nemifanekiso.