Yintoni ubunzima photon?

Abantu baye kudala ibihlaba isibakala sokuba omnye iimpawu nantoni ubunzima. It sizalwa nje kuphela izinto ezinkulu njengoko iiplanethi kunye neenkwenkwezi, kodwa kunoogxa babo ukusuka sekuba ongabonakaliyo ezinjalo - protons kunye electron. Sir Isaak Nyuton ngexesha lakhe yakhiwe yaba ubudlelwane imikhosi omxhuzulane kunye izihlwele, leyo umzimba. Njengenxalenye theory akhe wenza izibalo ubucukubhede yasezulwini ngempumelelo. Emva kwexesha emva kokusekwa kwethiyori Newton, kwakuyimfuneko ukuba uphuculo olumandla, njengokuba ezinye iziganeko ahlale Akuchazwa. Le ngxaki isonjululwe Einstein, yena aliqulunqileyo "mbono ekhethekile 'yakhe. Kwafika ke E indlela odumileyo = m * (c * c ), ebonisa ubudlelwane lwamandla, ubunzima kunye isantya yokukhanya. Ukusebenzisa ifomula ukuya amasuntswana ngokukhawuleza kwacaca ukuba ubunzima photon (isuntswana ukukhanya) ngu zero. Ekuqaleni, oko kuchasene ingqiqo, kodwa yonke into kakuhle. Ubunzima photon kwi zero uqina sesindululo yayo zero. Kodwa xa isuntswana weyisayo amawaka 300 km / s -. Kuba ubunzima obuqhelekileyo. Noko ke, kutshanje kukholelwa ukuba ubunzima photon, kodwa zero. Kwaye ngoko ixabiso lulandelayo kwifomula H * v = m * (c * c ), i ubunzima relativistic. Ngoko ke, yintoni ngokwenene ubunzima photon? Ngokwenene ifomyula. Kuphela nje ezinokuntsonkotha ubalo lwenziwa usebenzisa ixabiso umfutho yamasuntswana.

Ekubeni amandla E le photon ilingana H * v, ngoko ifomula na ukufumanisa ubunzima:

m = (H * v) / (c * c)

Noko ke, ekubeni photon, enyanisweni, ukukhanya ukuba umgaqo akakwazi ayisekho ngesantya ngaphantsi kwe "c" (300 amawaka. Km / s), ubunzima eliphezulu wafumana ichanekile kuphela karhulumente motion.

Amaphupho inokufumaneka nge

p = (m * v) / SQRT (1- (v * v) / (c * c))

Ubume Ubukho ibonisa amandla. Eneneni, ukuba sifaka iwaka izandla phantsi imitha yelanga, kwaba ngokucacileyo ubushushu ngosuku zasehlotyeni. Lo mkhwa kungachazwa transfer amandla nayiphi yamasuntswana ukuba mass ethile enambuzelayo ngesantya esiphezulu. Le ke yile nto wazibona ngokumalunga ehlabathini. Ngoko ke, ubunzima kunye noncedo lo photon ibaluleke kangaka, nangona kule meko akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba ukusebenza kunye iingqiqo njengesiqhelo.

Kumaqonga amaninzi kwi-Internet kukho mpikiswano malunga nohlobo ukukhanya nendlela ukwenza izibalo. Ngokucacileyo ke, umbuzo wokuba yintoni na ubunzima photon, akakwazi noko kuthathwa zivaliwe. Neendlela ezintsha ukuvumela indlela eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo ukuze achaze iinkqubo saphawula. Ngesayensi, njengoko kusoloko kunjalo, umzekelo, inkolelo yokuqala Newton yaba luphelele namaxabiso okomqondo, kodwa kwakhawuleza kwacaca ukuba kufuneka inani izilungiso. Ngaphandle koku, akukho nto kuthintela ukusetyenziswa iimpawu sele eyaziwayo obhobhozayo ukukhanya: indoda bafunda ngoncedo izixhobo ukubona emnyameni; iminyango iivenkile ngokuzenzekelayo umtyeleli evulekileyo; uthungelwano nabizayo ziye zakhokelela amazinga ngaphambili ezingabonwayo ukudluliselwa data digital; kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa kuvumela ukuguqula amandla kwelanga kube ugesi.

Kutheni le photon ukuphumla enobunzima (kunye imane)? Kukho yingcaciso eziliqela. Okokuqala - esi sigqibo lulandelayo iifomyula. Elesibini - ukususela ukukhanya yohlobo elikabini (ufana nokulatyuza kunye flow yamasuntswana), kucacile ukuba ingqikelelo ubunzima asisebenzi ngokupheleleyo kwimitha. Okwesithathu - logic: zicamange ivili ejikelezayo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ujonga kuyo, endaweni iiasi ingabonwa nenkungu, inkungu. Kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuqalisa ukunciphisa isantya ujikelezo, njengoko inkungu ngokuthe ngcembe shwaka, kwaye kuphela iiasi aba kwindawo yokumisa epheleleyo. Kulo mzekelo, inkungu - ilungu, ebizwa ngokuba "ziluhlaza." It ibonakala kuphela eshukumayo, yaye kwisantya echazwe kakuhle. Ukuba isantya sibe ngaphantsi kwama-300 lamawaka. Km / s, lo photon shwaka.