Yintoni kwebali kwimaphu? Iintlobo imiqondiso yemephu aqhelekileyo

Legend - akukho nje ibali elibuntsomi malunga isiganeko okanye umntu othile. Kukho lo gama enye intsingiselo. Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha ntoni na banentsomi kwimaphu yejografi. Yintoni na yaye yintoni efunekayo?

Yintoni kwebali kwimaphu?

Map - oku geography aphantsi. Ngaphandle ngayo, kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba ucinge ukuba inzululwazi ngokubanzi. Ikhadi yenye izixhobo eziphambili zophando lwalapha. Ngelo xesha, yena sisithethi rhoqo kwaye kucacile ukusuka kumsebenzi oosonzululwazi kunye zejografi.

Maps, kwakunye nayiphi na incwadi, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukufunda ngayo. Ke ukuba iincwadi ezibhaliweyo ngoncedo oonobumba, amagama nezivakalisi, ngoko ke ikhadi une "ulwimi" yayo ethile. Njani ukufana? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, simele nje ukujongana nesibakala sokuba loo mqambi imephu.

Legend (Engl:. Imephu legend) - oku luluhlu zonke iimpawu ezazisetyenziswa ekulungiseleleni ikhadi ethile, kunye ingcaciso isicatshulwa neentsingiselo zawo. Kunokuthatha ngokohlobo itafile okanye uluhlu olulula.

ikhadi Legend ifakwa kwisithuba simahla kwimakhishithi, kaninzi - inxalenye yayo esezantsi okanye iimbombo. Ngo-atlasi ezintsonkothileyo geographical ingafunyanwa kwi kumaphepha ngamnye incwadi (ekuqaleni okanye ekupheleni). Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa ilivo zonke iisimboli zihlelwe. Okt abizwa ngokwahlukileyo elikhankanyiweyo imizimba nemin (imilambo, imigxobhozo, amachibi), iindawo zokuhlala, utyani, kuthetha zonxibelelwano, njalo-njalo. D.

Ngoku ke kucacile ukuba loo lamandulo imephu. Mhlawumbi akukho akufuneki ukuba uwazi iintlobo eziphambili imiqondiso yemephu.

Types of imiqondiso yemephu

Iimpawu ezisetyenziswa nokuzoba iimephu, kakhulu kunene. Noko ke, ukuba yahlulwe ngokwamaqela ezine eziphambili:

• Isikali (okanye nentaba polygonal) - ezo anokuthi luboniswe isikali imaphu (umz ehlathini, intsimi, indawo yokuhlala isixeko).
• Scaleless (point) - jonga izinto ayikwazi ingavezwa isikali imaphu (umz kudutyulwa, mveliso, ibandla).
• Linear - iimpawu, esebenzisa apho iimephu zibonisa izinto ezongeziweyo (iindlela, imida zesizwe, iintambo zombane, njl ...).
• Iimpawu achazayo - ukuba zonke iintlobo utyikityo, ubungakanani bamagama, nebonelela indawo obuvezwa izinto kuphawu olongezelelweyo.

Ngoko ke, ngoku uyazi yintoni mqambi imephu. Ngalo ungakwazi "funda" nayiphi imephu geographical ukucatshulwa kuyo ulwazi oluninzi eluncedo umdla malunga bendawo ethile. Kodwa oku, Kakade ke, kufuneka ufunde onke iisimboli ezisetyenziswa mphandle mihla.