Yerevan: labemi kunye Imbali emfutshane komzi

Esi sixeko sikhulu Armenia kunye yenye yezixeko ezindala ehlabathini namhlanje inabemi ngaphezu kwesigidi. igama lakhe lu dityanisiwe isizwe owayephila ngexesha elinye kula mazwe, ngoko ke amagama abaphathi, ukuba kungekhona ilivo kanogumbe. Legend yokuba i uNowa notorious wakhwaza: "! Kwathi" "Erevats", oko kukuthi, ayifiki nokubona ilizwe kunye nento yokuba inkunkuma yamanzi onogumbe. Esi siganeko senzeke kanye kwindawo apho ngoku ikomkhulu Armenia. Enoba lwalunjani, abemi Yerevan kudala imbali sixeko kangangamawaka eminyaka.

Kwisiseko inqaba Erebuni

Umhla isiseko isixeko-inqaba Erebuni phezu kodonga lasekhohlo Ararati kwintlambo (phezu komlambo Araks) ithathwa 782 BC. King of Urartu - imeko yamandulo, apho ibekwe ngaphakathi kwimida eArmenia namhlanje, kwimpuma Turkey, kumntla-ntshona Iran kunye republic elizenzekelayo Azerbaijan, Argishti I ngomnyaka wesihlanu wobukumkani bakhe, elasekwa entsha yokuhlala, nto leyo kamva yayisetyenziswa njengendawo isiseko ngenxa onyuka kwindawo of Lake Sevan kunye kukhuselwe Ararati entilini. Amanxiwa, ngokutsho legend, yaba yokusabela i uNowa eBhayibhileni kunye nentsapho yakhe zombini phambi kwezikhukula emva, awafunyanwayo inxalenye yomzantsi isixeko mihla phantsi igama Yerevan.

Inani labantu ezinqabeni kwi ekupheleni BC ngenkulungwane yesibhozo kakhulu amabanjwa (phantsi enye inguqulo - amajoni) abasuka kwimimandla esentshona yasethafeni Armenian, leyo, enyanisweni, abenza umsebenzi enxulumene isiseko mzi. irekhodi yokukhumbula bakushiya apha ilitye phezu kwentaba kunye yemihla. labemi Yerevan ngoko yaba 6.600. Emva kwexesha elithile, satshatyalaliswa inqaba, emva koko ubungqina ebhaliweyo isixeko ekhoyo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngenkulungwane yesithathu BC, Yerevan, abemi neziye zithi ke ngoko yaba ngumKristu okanye uluntu Manichean ziqhubekile ukubakhona phantsi kolawulo ezithile "umlawuli."

Khankanya kwi "Incwadi of Izincwadi"

Ephakathi Yerevan waba kummandla yeemfazwe engaphele Iranian-aseByzantium waba isihlalo yokuvukela ngamaxesha yabantu balapha. Ngelo xesha wafumana ukukhankanywa yokuqala mzi imithombo Armenian - "Book of Izincwadi". Ukongeza, kwakusazeka ukuba kwinkulungwane elinesine, esi sixeko abemi abantu malunga neshumi elinesihlanu ukuya ezingamawaka amabini, kwaye Yerevan yaba liziko ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko. Nangona kunjalo, abantu sendawo kakhulu lancitshiswa emva kokoyiswa ngu Tamerlane, yaye ezinye izakhiwo ukuba ngoku nisuke naba zesikhumbuzo zembali yatshabalala.

Arena Ottoman-Safavid iimfazwe

A nefuthe elibi kwi imeko demographic kummandla kunye nokwakheka yesizwe yabemi ziye imfazwe buhlungu phakathi Ottoman kunye Safavids, kunye mbuya, apho abalawuli yobulali esetyenziselwa ukuba ahlwayele ingxabano kwaye buthathaka abahlali balapha. Ngokuphawulekayo kwanciphisa labemi Armenian, yaye ngowe-1580 imikhosi Ottoman phantse watshabalalisa isixeko waza wasithimba 60,000 Muslims kanye namaKristu.

Indawo ngamandla ukurhoxiswa wayalela bonke abantu balapho ukuba wasePersi Ottoman wangena ezweni zasala, ngoko zivutha nje yonke indlela, Ukuphila indawo zizizwe zalapho. Ngokomzekelo, kwinkulungwane yeshumi Yerevan (zabemi nje izizwe amadlelo), Karabakh kunye seGanja wathabatha iintsapho amawaka amahlanu, yaye kungekudala inani labahlali uzandisile izihlandlo eziliqela.

Ngenxa yeemfazwe elide yaye ukungazinzi jikelele kummandla ngo-1804, wayehlala esixekweni bebonke abantu abamalunga namawaka amathandathu. Noko ke, emva kweminyaka engamashumi amabini kamva, bakhona abantu abangaphezu kwama amabini amawaka.

kwiphondo Erivan

Ulwazi lokuqala ibhalwe malunga nenani nokwakhiwa nobuhlanga yabemi Yerevan yabonakala kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, xa sixeko saba likomkhulu kummandla Armenian ngaphakathi Russian uBukhosi (wabumba Yerevan, okanye Erivan, iphondo kunye embindini kwisixeko Yerevan). Labemi (ubuzwe yangoku abahlali kuxoxwa ngezantsi) koko ubukhulu becala wafudukela wasePersi, ukuze inani abahlali balapha sele wehlile, efikelela kwi-11 300 abantu ngo-1833.

Ukwakheka yesizwe abemi abaninzi beso sixeko (ngokwe data for 1829) zahlulwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Armenia uyayenza 36% abahlali bendawo;
• Azerbaijan baba phantse 64% yabemi;
• Russian, Yezidi kunye Kurds kweso sixeko kwakukho nto konke konke.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, labemi Yerevan iye banda abantu abamalunga namawaka amathathu. iye yaguquka kunye nokwakheka yobuhlanga. Ngowe-1897, kwakukho 43% of Armenia, Azerbaijani - 42%, Russian - 9,5%, Yezidis kwaye Kurds - 0.22%, ezinye izizwe - 4,5%.

Njengenxalenye yoBukhosi baseRashiya kunye nesimo isixeko lephondo Yerevan umlondolozi uhlobo lali yephondo. umthamo Production abamelwe yi mveliso ezimbalwa zendawo, iifektri kwezitena cognac, yaye ecaleni kwizitrato ezincinane Wasolula izindlu zodaka olulodwa kunye ezinemigangatho emibini.

Yerevan eSoviet Union

Ngokusekwa kwe amandla Soviet Yerevan saba likomkhulu weRiphabliki Armenia. Ngoko nangoko waqalisa ngokutsha elikhulu-isikali mzi:

• umbane, amanzi kunye nenkqubo yogutyulo bathwalwa phandle;
• phantse zonke izakhiwo kwakhiwa ngaphambili, yatshatyalaliswa;
• izitrato, babeka omtsha nokuhlela kumahlathi ezikhusela isixeko iziphango eluthulini;
• akha izinto zenkcubeko: zemiboniso, lo elinguvimba-ngqangi yamandulo, amaziko olondolozo kunye ezikhumbuzo.

Kuloo minyaka ayenziwa Yerevan. Population, nto leyo yanda ngokukhawuleza, waba kuzwelonke-ojolise. Ngoko ke, ukuba ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, Armenia uyayenza 43% yabemi, ngoko ngo-1959 inani labo lanyuka ukuya 93%. Kwakuloo nyaka mnye, inani elipheleleyo yabemi Yerevan yaba sisiqingatha sesigidi sabantu.

inani labantu

ixesha ayinakutshintshwa ayikwazanga ukosula isixeko ngaphandle map - Namhlanje ikomkhulu Armenia ozimeleyo Yerevan. Inani labemi sezixeko likhulu lizwe ngaphezu kwesigidi abantu, olubalelwa kuba sesithathu bonke abemi karhulumente. Ngaphezu kwama-64% yabemi waseArmenia (yabantu Armenian abantu abamalunga nezigidi ezithathu) bahlala kwizixeko ezikhulu (Yerevan, Gyumri kunye Vanadzor), ukuze kweli lizwe kukho izinga eliphezulu kwabantu ezidolophini. Isiqingatha sabantu ezidolophini ohlala ngqo e Yerevan.

kuqamba National

Ngokutsho kubalo, abemi Armenia 2001 (apho owona idata yokugqibela), ukwakhiwa uhlanga enikwa maqela:

• Armenian (98.5%);
• Russian (0.5%);
• Yezids (0.31%);
• Ukrainian (0.06%).

Kwakhona ifumaneka e Yerevan, namaPersi, amaGrike, Georgians, Kurds kunye Asiriya.