Unkonkonko: iimpawu, unyango, uthintelo. unkonkonko: sibaphathe njani?

I-Pertussis yintsholongwane echaphazelekayo yokuphefumula yendlela yokuphefumula, engabangela ukuxhatshazwa komzimba. Esi sifo sihamba kunye nokukhwehlela okunamandla. Eyona nto, ifunyanwe kubantwana, ingakumbi iintsana, kuba ukukhusela kwabo kubangelwa yimpembelelo yangaphandle. Nangona ulutsha kunye nabantu abadala abangazange bagonywe banokusuleleka ngentsholongwane yokukhwehlela.

Sisiphi isifo?

Ukuququzelela ukuphuhliswa kwe-pertussis i-Bordatella pertussis. Esi sifo somoya-moya sisasasazeka, phantse wonke umntu emva kokuqhagamshelana nomntu osulelekileyo uya kulahlwa. I-Pertussis iye yajongwa njengengxaki yokuphela kwengane, kodwa kungekudala inani labantu abadala kunye nolutsha luye landa. Olu lukhuni lunzima kunanoma yiphina iminyaka.

Ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela, ixesha eliphumayo lisuka kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-14. Le ntsholongwane idluliselwa kuphela ngamaconsi. Ubungakanani bexesha lesi sifo ubuncinane kwiiveki ezintandathu. Isitofu sokukhupha umkhuhlane awukhuseli ngokupheleleyo umzimba, nangemva kokuphindaphinda, unokusulelwa kwakhona.

Isi sifo sahlukelelwe ngeendlela ezimbini: ukukhupha nokukhupha. Kwimeko yokugqibela, ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela kuyabunqabile, kungabikho ukunyuka okukhulu kweqondo lokushisa. Ifomu lokukhupha libonakaliswe ngokuphuhlisa. Okokuqala kukho ukugubungela emqaleni, ngoko kukho ukukhwehlela kokukhwehlela ngaphandle kokuqhuma. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva koko, iimpawu zesifo zingahamba nawe. Kodwa kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba i-pertussis iyingozi ye-pathology, kwaye ukuba ayifumaneki ngexesha, iingxaki, ngamanye amaxesha ezibulalayo, ziyakwenzeka.

Izizathu zokusuleleka kubaktheriya

Umthombo oyintloko wokusasazeka kwesi sifo ngumntu osulelekileyo. I-pathologies eyona yingozi kakhulu ngeendlela eziphambili okanye ezigugile.

Ukusasazeka kwesi sifo kunzima ukukhusela ngenxa yokuba ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa alikwazi ukubonwa, kwaye i-catarrhal pertussis ilula. Yingakho abantu abaninzi bengayithobeli imiqondiso yokuqala yesifo. Isigulane siqala ukukhathazeka, xa ukuhlahlela ukukhwehlela kunye ne-pertussis kudlulileyo imizuzu emininzi, kukuthintela ukuphefumula. Ukunikezelwa kwezi zixhobo zesigaba sesi sifo kunye nokuqala kokuphuhliswa kwayo, akumangalisi ukuba ukuhlukaniswa komntu osulelekileyo kwiimeko ezininzi kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izifo zentsholongwane ngokusuleleka kwizilwanyana zasemakhaya nakwizilwanyana zasendle ziye zabhalwa, nangona i-pathology kule ngxaki ithathwa njengesifo se-pertussis. Kule meko, loo mntu uphathelelekile ngokukhwehlela.

Ukukhwehlela komzimba: iimpawu

Njengoko sele kukhankanywe, lesi sifo sihlala malunga neeveki ezi-5 ukuya ku-6. Ikwahlula zibe zigaba ezintathu eziphambili: i-catarrhal, i-paroxysmal kunye nesigaba sokubuyisela.

Isigaba se-catarrhal singadlulela iintsuku ezili-14. Ngethuba lexesha elidlulayo, umntu uphazamiseka ngumkhuhlane owomileyo oqhubekayo. I-Pertussis kule nqanaba idlula ngaphandle kokuphakamisa ubushushu. Kule nqanaba ukuba ukuxilongwa kudla ukuphosakeka. Isigulane sinokuthi sifumaneke nge-bronchitis okanye i-ARVI. Ngokuphuhliswa kwesifo kukho ukukhwehlela okuqinileyo. Ukukhwehlela oku kuleso sigaba kuyasasazeka, kodwa ukuyeka ngeli xesha kulula.

Iibhaktheriya ezenza ukuba le ntsholongwane ilahlekelwe ngumsebenzi wawo imihla ngemihla, kwaye ekupheleni kweveki yesithathu bayabuthathaka ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ngeli xesha ixesha isigulane sinokubamba abantu abaninzi abajikelezile.

Iiveki ezingama-2-3 emva kokusuleleka, kukho isigaba se-paroxysmal. Kule nqanaba, kukho ukukhwehlela kwe-spasmodic. Ngaphandle kwezihlaselo, isigulane sivakalelwa kakuhle, ukuziphatha kwakhe kuyafana. Xa abantwana beza kwi-spasm, benoyika, bekhalaza ngomqala. Emva koko ukukhwehlela (kunye ne- pertussis kubantwana kwandisa kancane kancane) kuya kuba yinto engxowankulu kwaye idibeneyo. Ngenxa yakhe, kuba nzima ukuphefumula.

Xa imeko iqheleke (njengomthetho, oku kwenzeka emva kweentshukumo ezili-12), umoya ungena kumphefumlo wokuphefumula ngokumemeza. Lo mzuzu ubizwa ngokuba yi-reprise.

Ngethuba lokuhlaselwa, kukho u-3-6 ukukhwehlela kwe-spasms ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Kule meko, ubuso bomntu osulelekileyo bujika obomvu okanye obomvu, ulwimi luqhutyelwa phambili, kwaye iimvumba zivuvuka entanyeni. Ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa okunjalo, i-cramps okanye ukuvuthwa ngokukhawuleza kwenzeka. Ukulahleka kweengqondo. Yingakho abazali kufuneka bazi ukuba ukukhwehlela kukuphi ukukhwehlela ukukhupha ukuphepha.

Ekupheleni kwe-spasm, ininzi ye-viscous and sputum ehlukileyo iyahlukana, ngamanye amaxesha iya kuhlanza. Ukuhlaselwa kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, umzekelo, ngenxa yeemvakalelo ezinobundlobongela, ingxolo okanye ngokukhawuleza. Ngethuba le-paroxysmal, ubushushu buba lula. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ihamba kunye nokukhwehlela ebusuku, engavumelekanga ukulala.

Emva koko, iqela lokubuya liqala. Kukholelwa ukuba le nqanaba iqala kwinyanga yesibini yesi sifo, ukuphuculwa kwempilo ngokubanzi, kunye nokukhwehlela kuya kuba mnqabile.

Umqathango emva kokugula

Umkhuhlane emva kokukhwehlela ukukhwehlela usenokukhathaza ixesha elide umntu ogule nale ngozi. Khumbuza ngalo ixesha elide, konke kuxhomekeke ekukhuselweni. Ukukhwehlela komzimba kungumzimba we-asthmatic kunye nokugula, ngoko kungcono ukuba uhlolwe.

Ukuba khona kweso sibonakaliso kuchazwe kukuba kwimeko yesifo sokukhwehlela iziko liyakhathazeka kakhulu, kwaye emva kokubuyiselwa, iiseli ezigqithisileyo zikhupha umkhuhlane emva kwe-pertussis ixesha elithile. Ngelo xesha, oogqirha bacebisa ukuba baqaphele izifo ezahlukeneyo.

Ungayifumana njani isifo?

Le ngozi yokuphefumula kunzima ukuxilonga. Ngokuqhelekileyo ididekile kunye ne-para-pertussis izifo ezifanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba i-agent agent yeso sifo isasazwa kuphela ngamaconsi. Ukuqhwala ekukhwehleleni kubantwana kunye nabantu abadala kakhulu ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba ugqirha unokukwazi ukubona isigulo kuphela emva kokuva umntu osulelekileyo.

Ngaphambi kokufumana unyango, ugqirha kuqala uqokelela i-anamnesis ngesigulane. Iziphumo zivame ukubonisa intsholongwane enokwenzeka ngexesha loqhagamshelwano lomguli nomntu oye wangena kwi-pertussis ngaphambili. Emva koko, le ngxaki ayikwazi ukuvela kwimvelaphi yezifo zokuphefumula okanye kuba yingxaki yezinye izifo.

Xa ufumanisa ukuba kunzima ukuhlukanisa le ntlupheko kwizifo ezikhoyo ezingapheliyo ngexesha lokuxhatshazwa kunye nezifo zomsebenzi zenkqubo yokuphefumula.

Iimpawu zokukhwehlela zibonisa ukuba khona kwesi sifo, kuba ukukhwehlela kunye nento ecacileyo. Ukucacisa ukuxilongwa kwesigxina, isigulane sithatha isityalo ukuba sihlukaniswe ngexesha lokukhwehlela ukufunda indawo ekhethekileyo kunye ne-microflora ephuhlisayo kuyo. Ukongezelela, kwenziwa iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukuvavanya yonke imeko yesigulane.

Iingxaki ezibangelwa ukukhwehlela

Njengoko sele sele saziwa, abantwana abaselula kakhulu, ikakhulukazi abantwana, banokuchaphazeleka kakhulu kwesi sifo. Kwaye iintsana ziyakwazi ukunyamezela ukukhwehlela ngaphandle kokukhwehlela. Kodwa banakho ukuphakama okukhulu kweengxaki emva kwesifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo le ntsholongwane yebhaktheriya ibangela iingxaki ezilandelayo:

• Ukuxhatshazwa kwamanzi;
• Ukulibaziseka ixesha okanye ukuyeka ukuphefumla;
• I-pneumonia (ngamanye amagama, i-pneumonia);
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngenxa yokuhlanza rhoqo;
• Ukuxhalaba;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
• Ukungaphumeleli kwe-Renal, efuna i-dialysis yesikhashana.

Kwaye ukuphulwa komsebenzi wengqondo kunye ne-pneumonia kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi, kwaze kwaba sekufeni. Enyanisweni, loo matyala awanqabile.

Kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana abakhulileyo, esinesifo esinjalo, iingxaki zikhula, kodwa kungekho rhoqo kubantwana, kwaye kulula ukunyamezela. Imiphumo embi kakhulu ye-pertussis ibandakanya ukubonakala kwemivimbo kwiimbambo kunye neempumlo ze-nosebleeds ngenxa yokukhwehlela okuqinileyo, kunye nokukhupha ubuso, ukubunjwa kwezilonda emlonyeni naselulwimi. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-otitis media ingahlakulela.

Ukuba owesifazane okhulelwe ukhulelwe nge-pertussis, unokujamelana nokukhulelwa kwesisu. Kakade ke, loo matyala awanqabile kakhulu, kuba abantu abadala baninzi begonywe kule ntsho. Nangona kunjalo, kwenzeka. Xa uphatha umntwana, inkambo ebalulekileyo yesifo iyingozi kakhulu, xa ukuhlaselwa ukukhwehlela kwama-30 kwenzeka ngosuku. Nangona kunjalo ukusuleleka kwebhaktheriya kunokuchaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwengane.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukukhwehlela ngokukhwehlela ukukhwehlela kuyisimboli esona sikhulu salesi sifo. Ukuze ugweme le miphumo, ngokukhawuleza emva kokuvela kweso sigulo, kufuneka udibane nodokotela.

Ungayichitha njani isifo ngamachiza?

Ukhuhlane kunye nokukhwehlela kunzima kakhulu ukunyanga. Unyango lwalolu phiko luhlala luqhutyelwa ekhaya, luthunyelwa kwisibhedlele ukuba isiguli sinokukhubazeka kwengqondo kunye nomsebenzi wokuphefumula.

Ekubeni umntu ngexesha lophuhliso lwentsholongwane yebhaktheriya enokukhwehlela okukhulu, oogqirha bazama ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa imeko yakhe. Ukunyanga ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela, izi zi yobisi zilandelayo:

• Iziyobisi zeMucolytic. Ziye zisetyenziswe ngokuyinxalenye yokwenyuka kokunyuka kwe-sputum, ukwenzela ukubonelela nge-outflow free.
• Bronchodilators. Bawuthintela ukuba kwenzeke izidalwa ze-spasms kwaye kukhuthazwe ukwanda kwe-lumen ye-bronchi.
• IiVasodilator kunye nezidalwa. Ezi zonyango zikunceda ukuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi kwingqondo, oko kukuthintela uphuhliso lwe-oksijini yindlala.
• Antitussives. Azinqabile ukuba zichazwe ngenxa yokuba zisebenzise kakhulu ukukhwehlela.

Ukuba ulandela zonke iziphakamiso zogqirha, unokukhawuleza ukuphilisa ukukhwehlela. Ingqungquthela emva koko, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokungahoywa kwesifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, unyango lolo sulelo luqhutyelwa ngeenjongo ezithile, kuba isifundo sesi sifo kumntu ngamnye sihluke.

Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umntwana uhlaselwe ngumkhuhlane, okanye ukuba i-degree of pathology enamandla ikhula, umngcipheko wokwakha i-hypoxia iyanda. Kule meko, yenza i-oksijini yonyango. Ngethuba le nkqubo, itente ekhethekileyo kwiintsana okanye i-mask inikwe umzimba wabantwana ngomoya ogqitywe nge-oxygen ecocekileyo. Namanje wenza unyango ngeziyobisi ze-nootropic ukuphucula imetabolism yengqondo.

Ukongezelela, banokumisela i-glucocorticosteroids iintsuku ezimbini zokuphelisa ukukhwehlela. Ukunyangwa komkhuhlane kusebenza ngolu hlobo: ubukhulu bokuthinteka kweempawu zinciphisa, ukuyeka ukuphefumula kwexesha elifutshane kupheliswa.

Kwimeko apho umntu one-pertussis ene-hypersensitivity okanye ukunganyanzeliseki komntu nawuphi na iziyobisi, oogqirha babala i-antihistamines. Ngexesha lokubuyiselwa nokubuyiswa, izigulane zicetyiswa ukuba zithathe amavithamini, ngokukodwa amaqela B, A kunye neC. Aya kunceda ukuphucula imisebenzi ye-immune nokubuyisela umzimba ngokukhawuleza emva kokugula.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukukhwehlela i-pertussis kubantu abadala kucebise ukunyanga ngamayeza okulwa kuphela kwiintsuku ezili-10 zesifo okanye ngokuphuhliswa kweengxaki ezinjenge-pneumonia ne-bronchitis. Eminye i-antibiotics ayinamandla.

Ukulwa nentsholongwane ngeendlela ezingaqhelekanga

Ukunciphisa ukukhwehlela ngokukhwehlela okuza kunceda iyeza zendabuko. Eyilwe kakuhle ekhatheni kwesi sifo ukutyunjwa kwe-asparagus. Ukuze wenze oko, kufuneka udubule esi sityalo, esifanele sichithwe, songeza kwi-thermos, uthele amanzi aphekiweyo uze ushiye iiyure ezingama-3. Isiselo esilungeleyo sisetyenziswe esinye isipuni ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngosuku emva kokutya.

Susa umkhuhlane ngokukhwehlela okuza kubangela ukuqokelela imfuyo equkethe i-thyme, izithelo ze-anise, i-pine buds, i-spores, imbewu ye-dill kunye neengcambu zeengcambu. Zonke ezi zixhobo kufuneka zixutywe kwiindawo ezilinganayo (1 teaspoonful) kwaye uthele ngamanzi ukunyuswa. Emva kweeyure ezimbalwa, umxube kufuneka ugqitywe ngomlilo kwaye ubiliswe imizuzu emi-2. Umhluzi obangelwayo kufuneka ucolile, uze udibanise kakuhle. Se benzisa kufuneka ibe sisiqingatha seyure ngaphambi kokutya kathathu ngosuku ngemitha eyi-150 ml.

Isiphumo esihle ekukhupheleni ukukhwehlela ngunyobo ngomsila omnyama. Imifuno enzimpande enkulu isetyenziselwa ukulungiselela eli liyeza. Okokuqala israsi ihlanjululwe kakuhle, emva koko inxalenye ephezulu inqunyulwa kuyo kwaye inyama isuswa ngaphakathi. Kwi-deepening received deepened for the honey,, emva kokufakela isivuno sesityalo kunye nenxalenye esinqunyiwe, ushiye ii-2,5 iiyure zokwabiwa kwejusi. Emva koko lo mxube uthathwa esinye isipuni esincinci ubuncinane amahlanu ngosuku ngaphambi kokutya. Yaye i-juice yerusi kunye nobusi ivumelekile ukuba inikwe abantwana ukunyangwa kokukhwehlela. Olu unyango luye lwade lude ludlulele kudlule kwisigaba sokubuyiswa. Nge sixhobo esinjalo kuya kunokwenzeka ukuba kungekhona nje ukunciphisa imeko yesigulane, kodwa kwanokuphepha ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki.

Esinye isilungiso esilungileyo sokukhwehlela ukukhwehlela ngumxube wezinyosi kunye nembewu yelanga. Kulula ukupheka: okokuqala imbewu imisiwe epenini okanye kwi-oven, ke ihlabathi kwaye ithululelwe ngamanzi nobusi. Esi sixhobo siziswa kwi-thumba kwaye siphekwe kuze kubekho isiqingatha sezinto eziseleyo epanini. Umhluzi uphuhliwe, ucocekile kwaye unxiliswe ngemini kwi-sips encinci.

Ukuphilisa ukukhwehlela ekhaya kuya kunceda amafutha abalulekileyo e-camphor kunye ne-fir, iviniga 6%. Ezi zithako zixutywe ngamanani alinganayo kwaze kwafunyanwa ubunzima obufanayo. Kuyo, iqela elincinci leetyhuse lixutywe, eliye linyanzelwa kwaye lisetyenziswe kwingxenye ephezulu ye-thorax. Yenza icompress ibe ngcono kusihlwa ngaphambi kokulala. Kuyinto engathandekiyo ukwenza le nkqubo kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-13 ubudala.

Ukuphelisa impawu zokukhwehlela nge-anion syrup, okulula ukwenza. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuba ucoce ngokukhawuleza i-anyanisi ngaphandle kwee-husk uze uyifake kwisitya seglasi. Kulesi sitya kufuneka udibaniswe ezinezipuni zeeshukela, uze uzigubungele ngesiqhekeza uze ushiye iiyure ezingama-4. Ngeli xesha, i-anyanisi iza kubanika i juzi eyaneleyo, eya kuba yonyango yokukhwehlela. Phuza injalo isiraphu kufuneka ibe yimini ye-1 encinci yepuni nganye iiyure ezingama-2. Inkqubo yokwelapha ihlala ifikelele ekuhlaleni ngokupheleleyo.

Amanyathelo okuxhasa

Nangona emva kokukhwehlela kuphilisiwe, ukukhwehlela ixesha elide kuya kumkhathaza loo mntu. Ngoko ke, oogqirha bancomela ukuba bahambe kakhulu kwaye bavame ukuphucula imisebenzi yokukhusela yomzimba. Ukugqwesa, ukuba kukho ithuba lokuchitha eli lizwe kwilizwe okanye kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, tyelela ehlathini kunye naso ngasemanzini. Umoya othobekileyo ngaphandle kokuphuma kwegesi, ogcwele i-oksijini, kuya kunceda ukubuyisela amandla emva kokugula.

I-Pertussis ayisona isifo sexesha, njenge-influenza okanye i-ARVI, ngoko ke uyayifumana nakwihlobo. Ebusika, i-hypothermia kufuneka igwenywe ngexesha lokuhamba. Kufuneka ukuba rhoqo uhlambulule imanzi, ingakumbi kwigumbi labantwana. Ukongeza, kufuneka ulahle iipatethi, iimathoyizi ezithambileyo nezinye izinto eziqokelela uthuli.

Ukuba awukwazi ukuphesela eso sifo, ngoko kufuneka ukuba ucoce umoya wezilwanyana, ezivusa ukubonakala komkhuhlane. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo malunga neenjongo ezinjalo ukusebenzisa i-humidifier. Xa igumbi litshisa kwaye lomelele umoya, i-spasm ye-sputum (kwaye isele i-viscous) ihamba nobunzima, nto leyo ingakhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kweengxaki.

Ukukhwehlela ukugaya ukutyumba amayeza kuphela, kodwa ukwenza ukutya:

• Ekudleni kudibaniswa ukutya okuveliswe ngamavithamini weqela B - amaqanda, isibindi se inkukhu, i-cottage cheese.
• Akunqunywanga ukuba badle ukutya okufuthi kunye okucwebileyo.
• Akukhuthazwa ukusela itiye, utywala kunye nekhofi.

Kungcono ukutya isobho se-rubbed kunye nale ngozi. Kwaye kukho imfuno yokwahlula-kwiincinci ezincinci kwaye ubuncinane amaxesha angama-6 ngosuku.

Awukwazi ukufumana i-pertussis?

Nangona le nkalo isifo esithintekayo kakhulu, namhlanje kukho iindlela ezaziwayo zokuphepha ukhuseleko. Indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu ithathwa njengegciwane.

Beka umntwana wakho ukugonyelwa unkonkonko izihlandlo ezithathu - kudluliswe kwiiveki ezi-6. Kwaye ke kunjalo lokuqala ukusukela kwiinyanga ezintathu zobomi. Revaccination lwenziwa xa umntwana ujika kwiminyaka emithandathu ubudala. Emva uvelisa okukwazi ukulwa usulelo engu-5. Kodwa ukuba ukukhusela ngokugqibeleleyo zokugonya unkonkonko, ngelishwa, akakwazi. Inceda kuphela ukuba ukudlulisela esi sifo lula.

okukwazi egcinakeleyo senziwa emva kokuba abantu ebegula nesi sifo. Nangona kwakhona-HIV kunokwenzeka ukuba imisebenzi ibakhusela eziphilayo buthathaka ngenxa ezinye izizathu. kusetyenziswa Pertussis lwamachiza, ezifana 'Infanrix "kunye Dube. Ichiza lokuqala Belgian, ize eyesibini - Russia. Kakade ke, kukho abanye, kodwa ezi ngokufuthi zisetyenziswa ekulweni usulelo.

uhlobo ezahlukileyo candelo pertussis lokugonya. Iseli Dube lonke, kwaye kwi "Infanrix" - acellular. Isitofu yokugqibela kuyabiza, kodwa izazinzulu ukucacisa ukuba ukutshintshwa kwamachiza akuthethi ukudlala indima enkulu, yaye aluthathi ukunciphisa ukusebenza. ugonyo Russian jikelele, njengoko isicelo nokuthintela unkonkonko, hayi nje kuphela, kodwa ukubola komqala kunye nominxano. Emva kokuba abantu ukuphuhlisa antibodies ukuba basengozini antigen yebhaktiriya.

pertussis ugonyo abadala ayibeki njengoko sele wambumba omzimba emva kogonyo ebuntwaneni. Ngaphezu koko, uninzi amatyala abantu ebomini babo ubuncinane kanye, kodwa uthwele sifo, nangona ekwimo onomoya wayibamba ingqele eqhelekileyo.

Njengoko iyaziwa, a ngezifo ezifana sisasazwa ngamathontsi emoyeni, kuyo isigulane siyasulela kakhulu ngexesha kwinqanaba lokuqala sifo. Ngoko ke, ufanele wazi ukuba uhlobo ukhohlokhohlo kwi unkonkonko ukuthintela iingxaki. Umntu onesifo kufuneka uyazimela lonke usapho iiveki 2-3, ngokuxhomekeke khosi yesi sifo. Rhoqo kufuneka pholisa igumbi apho emi kuyo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuphuhlisa unkonkonko ikakhulu kubantwana abaneminyaka 6-7.