Ungafunda njani ukubhala isicatshulwa kwiincwadi? Isicwangciso sokwakhiwa kweencwadi

Ungafunda njani ukubhala isicatshulwa kwiincwadi? Inqaku lethu lizinikele kwimpendulo yalo mbuzo. Ukubhala isicatshulwa ngumnye wemisebenzi ebalulekileyo kunzima ekufundiseni. Okokuqala, makhe sijonge ngelizwi ngokwalo. Ukubunjwa ... Ukubunjwa kwalo kubandakanya ingcambu "inqanaba." Intsikelelo yalo "ulawulo", "ulandelelanise". Ngamanye amagama, ukubunjwa kukuhlelwa kweengcamango, ezichazwe ngolu hlobo lokuhlalutya kunye nomxholo okhethiweyo.

Kutheni kubonakala kunzima ukuba abafundi bathathe iingcamango?

Umbuzo wendlela yokufunda indlela yokubhala isicatshulwa kwiincwadi ngokuphindaphindiweyo abuzwa kuphela ngabafundi besikolo abanganikiweyo ngalolu hlobo nangayiphi na indlela, kodwa nabazali abangenako ukunceda abantwana babo, kunye nootitshala abafuna iindlela ezintsha nendlela zokufundisa abantwana ukuba babhale olu hlobo Umsebenzi. Kwabaningi abantwana besikolo, lo ngumgubo wangempela, kwaye abaqondi abafunda nabo, xa babhala ukubunjwa, bavula amehlo abo.

Kutheni oku kwenzekayo? Sonke sabantu abahluke kakhulu. Omnye uthanda ukucinga, ukwenza, ukuphikisa, ukuqiqa. Ngoko, njengomthetho, ndiyakuthanda ukubhala iincwadana. Ngokuqhelekileyo bawutyeshela iingcebiso kwaye basebenza ngokuphefumlela. Umbuzo wendlela yokufunda ukubhala isicatshulwa kwincwadi, phambi kwabantu bantu abanenhlanhla ngokuqhelekileyo akufanelekanga. Kodwa ezinye zilahlekile. Izinketho zokusombulula le ngxaki zizincwadi ezibalulekileyo, i-Intanethi, kunye nobudlelwane kunye nabalingane nabo ukuba bavakalise iingcamango zabo ngokubhala. Kule nqaku, siza kunika impendulo kwimibuzo yokuba sibhale njani incoko ngendlela efanelekileyo kakhulu.

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi

Esikolo siyaziqhelanisa neendidi ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi: iincwadana, iincwadana-inkcazo, iingcamango, amashishini amancinci, izincoko kwimisebenzi yombhalo, njl. Ngamnye wabo unesakhiwo sakhe kwaye unemfuneko yakhe yokubhala, engayi kulibala. Umzekelo, incoko yesincoko isondele ekudalweni kwincwadi. Kufanelekile ukunikela ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo xa usebenza kuyo, kungekhona kuphela kwimixholo yombhalo, kodwa kunye nobuhle, imifanekiso, ukukhululeka kwenkcazo. Kwaye ukubunjwa-ukuqiqa kukho iindawo ezintathu: oku kungeniswa (oku kuquka iinkcazo), inxalenye ephambili (imizekelo kunye neengqinisiso) kunye nezigqibo (ibonakaliso yembono yakhe kwimixholo yobunjwa). Ukuqhelanisa nomncinci, siyaqaphela ukuba iqulethwe yintsiksi, kunye neenkcazelo zayo. Olu hlobo lweziqulatho kaninzi luqeqesha abantwana abanesiphiwo sokuthatha inxaxheba kwiintlobo zee-olympiads kunye nemincintiswano yezifundo, kuba ukubhala ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokufutshane kudla nzima kunokuba udale umsebenzi oqhelekileyo ophethe amaphepha amaninzi ngokuvolisa.

Izihloko zeengxaki

Iingqungquthela zobunjwa ziyahluka. Iingxaki zizo ezo zimibuzo zemibuzo ye-esthétique, yesayensi okanye yokuziphatha. Ukuthetha kwabo kubandakanya ixesha elilodwa ("ingxaki"), elikuxelela ukuba ubhale njani incoko. Imizekelo: "Ingxaki yexesha elidlulileyo kwisibongo esithi" Imiphefumlo Efile "nguN. Gogol", "Ngaba uvuyo lwamaqhawe amaqhawe aseTolstoy aseDostoyevsky?"

Iimpawu ezifanisa

Ukuthelekiswa kubonisa ukuthelekiswa kwezinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ngokwemigaqo ethile yeempawu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanywa ekuqulunqweni kwezi zihloko zizinto ezininzi ezidibaniswe ngumanyano "kunye". Umzekelo: "Unyana kunye noyise kaKirsanov kwincwadi ethi" Ootata noonyana "ngu-I. Turgenev."

Khangela i zihloko

Izihloko zophando zibonisa ukupapashwa ngokubanzi kwezinto eziphathekayo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo isalathiso sayo sokuzala (oko kukuthi, ukuphindaphinda) kunye nenkcazo. Umxholo wabo maxa wambi uquka ukuhlola utshintsho lwezinto kunye nexesha. Isihloko kwezinye iimeko ziquka izinto ezifanisa, oko kukuthi, utshintsho lwento ngexesha. Olu hlobo luya kukukhuthaza ukuba ubhale njani incoko. Imizekelo: "Ukubonakaliswa kwemfazwe e-Warsaw Peace", "eMoscow naseMuscovites emsebenzini weBulgakov" , njl njl.

Ezinye iintlobo zezihloko

Ukucacisa iinkalo zobunzima bomdali womsebenzi wesihloko kufuna ulwazi olufanelekileyo lweengcamango zokugxeka. Kufuneka ukwazi ukubonakalisa abalinganiswa, jonga iimpawu zengxelo, hlalutya inkcazo (yangaphakathi, imifanekiso, indawo), qonda ukubunjwa kwesicatshulwa. Into eyona nto kukubona ubuninzi bexabiso kunye nobuhle bezinto ezi zinto. Umzekelo: "Ikhono likaVev Nikolaevich Tolstoy ekuboniseni imbali yaseRussia."

Iingqungquthela kwisicatshulwa zibonisa ukuchongwa kwesihloko sale ntetho, ukuqulunqwa kwengxaki engxaki.

Uninzi lwezihloko zixutywe, ezibandakanya izixhobo zezilwanyana ezichazwe ngasentla. Kukho neenkululeko, ezisoloko zisekelwe kwimeko yamaxesha onke omlobi.

Abantwana besikolo bahlala benomdla kwindlela yokufunda indlela yokubhala ukubunjwa-ukuqiqa. Injongo kukuqinisekisa umfundi wento ethile, lungisa okanye utshintshe uluvo lwakhe kumbuzo. Isiseko salolu hlobo lomsebenzi, ingundoqo yalo iyaqondakala, icaciswe ngokucacileyo kwaye isekelwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ingcamango ephambili, okufuneka ibe yodwa. Ukuphendula umbuzo malunga nendlela yokufunda indlela yokubhala isicatshulwa-ukuqiqa, kunye nezinye iintlobo zomsebenzi, kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya iminye imithetho.

Imigaqo eya kukunceda xa udala incoko

Mhlawumbi, kubomntu abaza kubonakala bengabalulekanga, kodwa ingxaki kulo mzekelo akunakwenzeka ukuba uhambe ukusuka kuloo ndawo. Iintsilelo eziphambili zikho nje ukungahoywa kwemithetho ephambili.

Ukubunjwa ngumhlobo ophika ukubhala kwakhona. Ukukhetha amabinzana "amancinci" kunye nezivakalisi ezivela kwimisebenzi egqityiweyo kwiincwadi ezibalulekileyo, asiyicebisi nantoni na, kodwa nje kuphela ukwenza ukunyanzelisa. Ngokwenza oku, asikwazi ukuba sibhale njani isicatshulwa kwisifundo somsebenzi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, abafundi kufuneka bajike ekugxeka, kodwa kuphela ukuze batyelele iingcamango zabo ngendlela efanelekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingcamango ephambili iyaqondwa ngokuchanekileyo, intsingiselo yenkinga iyabanjwa.

Ifilosofi yomsebenzi, efunyanwe ngabanye ababhali, inokukunceda ukuqonda ngokujulileyo isihloko, somsebenzi wangaphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, iingxelo, izigqibo, iimpawu kunye neengcamango kufuneka zibe ngumntu oyedwa kuphela - umdali womsebenzi. "Kodwa ke, unokufunda njani ukubhala isicatshulwa kwincwadi kulo mzekelo?" - uyabuza.

Ukuba ufuna ukubhala umsebenzi kumsebenzi othize weencwadi (oko kuyona ndlela eqhelekileyo kubantwana besikolo), kufuneka ufunde kuqala umsebenzi. Awufanelekanga kwesi sisishwankathelo kuphela. Unomdla wokwenene kwiincwadi unokuvuswa kuphela ngokufunda okokuqala. Iingqungquthela ezifutshane zibonisa ubume obungaphezulu, ngokusekelwe kulo msebenzi obunzulu ngombhalo ongenakwenzeka. Ukuze udale ukwakheka kakuhle, kufuneka ubone ngokuzimela kwimbali, inkondlo okanye inveli ibali elingavamile, intsingiselo ecacileyo, ukufaneleka kunye negama elinetalente.

Kubalulekile ukufunda imisebenzi emihle eyenziwe ngabalobi. Iimvavanyo zazo ngoku zifumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Baya kuba luncedo xa sibhala isicatshulwa kwiincwadi. Imizekelo yendawo apho ingafumaneka khona - izibonelelo ezizodwa, ukuqokelela, amaphephancwadi. Emva kokufunda eziliqela zeesampuli, uya kuqonda iimpawu zesitayela, ulwimi lomlobi, isakhiwo.

Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, umthetho wokugqibela: ungalokothi uhlale phantsi kwiphepha elicocekileyo. Kufuneka ube neprogram ethile ekhanda lakho, umfanekiso wesicatshulwa esizayo. Kunzima ukucinga ukuba njani kwaye ubhala njani, uhleli edeskini. Kodwa, umzekelo, xa uhamba inja yakho, uye kwisitoreji, uhlambe izitya, unokuza kukwakhiwa kwexesha elizayo. Le ndlela ifanelekile ukuzama - umphumo uya kukumangalela.

Cwangciso

Ukuze ubhale umsebenzi omhle, kufuneka ube nesicwangciso somsebenzi kwiincwadi ezisekhoyo. Yintoni na? Isicwangciso sesincoko kwiincwadi zihlala ziquka ezi zilandelayo zithathu: oku kungeniswa, inxalenye ephambili kunye nesiphelo.

Intshayelelo

Injongo yesingeniso kukukulindela oko kuya kuthiwa kwinqutyana engundoqo. Ukuqala kwesincoko yindawo apho unokubonisa iimvakalelo zakho kunye neengcamango zakho. Isingeniso "sithengisa" isicatshulwa esongezelelweyo, sithatha abafundi. Kuya kulungele ukusebenzisa izitrakthi ezithakazelisayo, iigigraphs, kunye nokubonisa isimo sengqondo somsebenzi wakho. Njengoko uyazi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqala. Ukuze le ngxenye ibe yimpumelelo, kuyimfuneko ukuyibeka kuyo imibuzo engundoqo yeengxaki - ezo zingaphendulwa kwisakhelo sesihloko esicetywayo kuwe, kwaye ke, ukhethe enye okanye ezimbini kubo oza kuzichazela kwisicatshulwa sakho, uqikelele Olu khetho. Siphakamisa ukuba unike imiqathango oyisebenzisayo kwimpendulo, zichonge, eziza kubonisa ukuqonda kwabo ngumbhali. Musa ukwesaba umbuzo wombuzo. Yenza izivakalisi ezinesibindi. Ukuqala kokwakhiwa (inxalenye yentetho) ngezinye iinkalo kubonisa ngokufutshane umsebenzi ngokwawo okanye ixesha lokudalwa kwayo, ukuba isihloko esicetywayo ngumlobi siquka ukuhlaziywa kwento ethile.

Inxalenye ephambili

Inxalenye ephambili kukuchazwa komxholo womsebenzi. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba lo ngumfanekiso weqhawe, umntu kufuneka akuqwalasele ngokubanzi, ngelixa engashiyi iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo "nge-overboard" - emva koko, zaqatshelwa ngento ethile ngumdali womsebenzi. Akufanele ubhale ukuba isihloko sokubhala asiqondwanga ngokupheleleyo ukuba umgca wecebo ulahlekile kwindawo ethile. Kungenzeka ukuba kule mfuneko ukufundwa kwakhona umsebenzi. Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo ngutitshala - uya kuvuma kuphela ukukhathazeka kwakho kunye nomdla. Inxalenye ephambili kufuneka ibe yimpendulo ecacileyo kunye neenkcukacha ezithe zafundwa nguwe kwisingeniso. Kuyo kufuneka uqinisekise umfundi ukuba uzibeke ngokuchanekileyo kwaye uzilungise kakuhle. Le nxalenye enkulu kakhulu ngokwemigangatho. Kufuneka ihlawule ngokukhethekileyo, ukucinga malunga nendlela yokubhala isicatshulwa.

Isampula yengcamango echazwe ngumgxeki inokuphuhliswa ukuba ingcamango yakhe yinto endiyithandileyo: ukubonisa zakho iimboniselo, zichaze ngamagama akho. Hlaziya kamva, nokuba ingahambelana nomxholo oyintloko womsebenzi wakho, kunye nombhalo jikelele. Kodwa kusenokukhetha ukusebenzisa izicaphuno, eziza kugxininisa ukulungelelanisa nokwazisa kwakho, ziya kujonga imilinganiselo.

Isiphelo

Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, isiphelo. Umsebenzi oyintloko wale nxalenye kukuthatha isitoreji sakho sesicatshulwa esikwicandelo lesibini, kunye nemiba engxaki enayilungisile kwisingeniso. Kubalulekile ukushwankathela izigqibo, usebenzisa amagama kunye namagama aphambili afakwe kwigama le sihloko esinikeziwe: kaninzi kukho amagama afana ne "landscape", "umfanekiso", "ukubunjwa", "ingxaki" nabanye. Kwiingxelo zokugqibela, ziphinda. Khumbula ukuba isingeniso kunye nesiphetho kwimixholo ezininzi kwiindawo ezininzi. Kuphela ifomu iguquka ukusuka ekubuzeni imibuzo.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kuzo zonke iimeko akukho mfuneko ukusebenzisa iethemplate esicetywayo. Indlela yokubhala isicatshulwa, yenza isigqibo ngabanye. Ukukhethwa kwamaphuzu kuxhomekeke ekulindeni komfundi, izinga lokulungiselela, ukukwazi ukuchonga into ephambili. Nangona kunjalo, kucetyiswa ukuba silandele isicwangciso esiye sakha, ngoko akuyi kubakho ubunzima bokuqonda indlela yokufunda ukubhala iincwadana. I-EGE, umzekelo, ivavanya ubukho bezinto ezintathu-ukungena, umzimba kunye nesiphelo.