Umhloli wamaPolisi uGeorgy Sedov: i-biography, ukufumanisa

Wonke umntu ohlala ebudeni bamaSoviet, khumbula umxhwele onobubele malunga nomhambi wokuqala waseRussia, owabeka njengenjongo yakhe ukunqoba kwePole Pole - G. Ya. Sedov. Yena, umthonyama woluntu olubi kakhulu, wayekongezwa ngamandla kunye nokuzimisela, okuye kwavumela ukuba inkwenkwe yasemzaneni ithole udumo lwehlabathi. Wazama ukuthetha ngeziphumo zohambo lwakhe, njengoko yaphela ngokugqithiseleyo, ibonisa umzekelo wendlela engacabangiyo nengenangqondo yokuxazulula isicatshulwa esinzima kakhulu kwisayensi.

Unyana womlobi ovela kwintsapho ehluphekayo

I-lieutenant ye-navy uGeorgy Sedov wayengunyana omncinci kwintsapho enkulu kaYakov Evteevich - umlobi wasefama yaseKrivaya Kosa kwidolophu yaseDonetsk. Wazalelwa ngoMeyi 5, 1877. I-Sedovs yayihlala kwiimfuno ezidlulileyo, imbangela yeso sihlandlo sootywala. Le meko ayinakuncedwa yinto yokuba abazalwana, kwaye babekho abahlanu, baqeshwe ukuba basebenze kakhulu kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni - bahlawula iipenki ezithandekayo kubafana.

Waqala ukufunda ngokukhawuleza. Kuphela xa wayeneminyaka elishumi elinesine ubudala ubudala, abazali bakhe bamnika esikolweni saseparishi, apho wabonisa khona amandla okungaqhelekanga. Iminyaka emithathu yemfundo, intombazana ephumelele kwiminyaka emibini, ngelixa efumana iqabunga elibukekayo. Nangona kunjalo, akukho tshintsho olugqithisayo ebomini bakhe. Kwaye kwafuneka usebenze ukususela kusasa kuze kube sebusuku.

Iphupha elibi

Ukufunda ngokubhala nokubhala, uGeorge wathathwa ngokufunda, kwaye wayenalophupha lokuba ngumthetheli wohambo olukude-umnqweno ongenanto kwaye ongenakwenzeka kwiinkwenkwe zedolophana. Kwaye nabazali, xa befunda ngale nto, babecala ngokuchasene nalo msebenzi. Kwaye kukho enye yezinto eziphambili zobuntu bakhe obonakaliswe ngokucacileyo-ukunyamezela okungaqhelekanga ekufezeni le njongo.

Ngokufihlakeleyo kuyo yonke loo ntombazana yaqala ukulungiselela uhambo oluya eRostov-on-Don, apho kwakuvulwa khona iikholeji zaselwandle ngexesha elo. Xa, emva kokuhlala ixesha elide, ekugqibeleni wafikelela ekujoleni kohambo lwakhe lokuqala ebomini, umhloli wamphatha ngobubele, kodwa njengolu vavanyo wathumela iinyanga ezimbalwa umkhumbi oya kwi-steamboat Trud, eyahamba ngokuhamba ngee-Azov kunye namaLwandle amnyama. Emva kokuba ebhaptizwe ulwandle, uGeorge waqalisa izifundo zakhe.

UMphathi weenqanawa zomthengisi

Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, kwiindonga zekholeji, umqhubi wesigidi sokuhamba ngeendlela uSediv Georgy Yakovlevich. Kwakungeyona yinkwenkwana yakudala eyayisetyenziselwa intlupheko, kodwa ingcali eyayizixabisa kwaye yayinezizathu zokuzikhukhumeza. Ngethuba lexeshana wadlulisa uqeqesho olongezelelweyo kwaye kungekudala waba ngumthetheli kwinqanawa ethi "Sultan". Kodwa ndifuna ezinye. Emile kwibhulorho, uGeorgy Sedov wacinga ngezesayensi yolwandle kunye nemisebenzi yokuhamba. Injongo iyafezekiswa, kodwa oko kwakufuneka ukuba uhambe kwi-navy.

Ukusuka kwiinqwelo zommandla ekulawuleni imidwebo yemifanekiso

Emva kokuhlukana nomkhombe wakhe onqabileyo, umphathi omncinane waya eSevastopol, apho wangena kwiqela loqeqesho njengesivolontiya. Kungekudala wanikelwa isikhundla se-lieutenant, kunye nencwadi yesinconywa evela kumhloli weenqanawa ze-Armiral AK Arrhenko, iGeorgy waya eSt. Petersburg ukuba asebenze kwi-Admiralty Main Cartographic Directorate. Kwakukho indawo evulekileyo yemisebenzi yakhe yophando. Ngomnyaka we-1902, kuqhutywe uhambo lokufunda i-Arctic Ocean. Kanye nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba kwiziqithi zaseVaigach kunye nomlomo woMlambo u -Kolyma uya noGeorge Sedov.

Ukususela ngoko i-biography yakhe ifinyelele kwizinga elihluke ngokupheleleyo. UGeorgy Sedov akasekho nje ngomkholoshe, uninzi kwi-navy yaseRussia, ungobuqili onomdla, indoda ekhangele ukoma ukufumana. Ngomnyaka ozayo, njengomncedisi kumphathi wolu hambo, uhlolisisa uLwandle lwaseKara kwaye, xa edibene khona nomphathi wesikhephe "iMelika" u-Anthony Fial, usulelekile kuye ngcamango yokunqoba iNtla. Kodwa kungekudala imfazwe yaseRussia-yaseJapane iqala, kwaye ke izicwangciso ezinqwenelekayo kufuneka zihlehliswe.

Inkonzo yomkhosi kunye nomtshato

Esikhundleni seendwendwe ezide, ubomi bamlungiselela kwiminyaka yempi ukukhonza kwi-flotilla yaseSiberia, kunye nokupheliswa kweentlanzi-ukusebenza njengomncedisi wenqaba yaseNikolayevsky-on-Amur. Apha, ngenxa yokufaneleka kwimisebenzi ukuphucula iimeko zokuthumela kwi-Amur, uLieutenant Senior Georgi Sedov wanikezwa i- Order yeSt. Stanislaus yesigangatho sesithathu.

Ngomnyaka we-1909, ubomi bakhe bubomi buvuyo. Ukubuyela eSt. Petersburg, ngokukhawuleza ufumanisa umfazi wakhe wekamva uVera Valerianovna May-Mayevskaya, owayengumntanamkhosi we-military commander obalaseleyo wale minyaka, uGeneral VZ May-Majewski. Ngomnyaka olandelayo, imfihlakalo yomtshato yenzeke kwi-Admiralty Cathedral ye-capital, eyayizange ibe yintlanulo yobomi obatshatayo, kodwa ivule iminyango yayo emphakathini ophakamileyo.

Iqhayiya elibuhlungu elifuna ukwaneliseka

Abadlali bezobugcisa belihambi bavumelani nento yokuba ngeli xesha le mfanelo yaqala ukubonakala ngokucacileyo ngokucacileyo, okwakusemva kwayo yaba esinye sezizathu zokufa kwakhe okubuhlungu. Ephakanyisiwe kwiinkalo eziphantsi ezentlalontle yoluntu kwaye azifumanisa phakathi kwe-aristocracy ye-capital, uSedov wayehlala ethe tye ukubona ukuzithiba kwakhe ngaphandle ngaphandle njengendoda ephakamileyo kwaye kungekhona isangqa sabo. Enoba kwakukho imfuneko ebalulekileyo kule nto, okanye isigwebo eso sasisisiphumo sokuzikhukhumeza ngokugula - kunzima ukusho, kodwa bonke abo babemazi ngokwabo babecacile kwisimo sakhe sengozi kunye nokuthanda. Bathi ukuba ngenxa yokuziqinisekisa, wayekwazi ukwenza izinto ezininzi zokukhawuleza, ezazininzi.

Ukuhambela kweGeorgy Sedov ukuya kwiNyakatho yePosi yaba yinye yezonxibelelwano kule nkcukacha. Ukusebenza ngokulungiselela kwayo kwaqala ngo-1912. Ngaloo xesha, sele abantu baseMerika babememezele ukunqotshwa kwesiqhwenga, kwaye uSedov akakwazanga ukubeka ibango kwimirhumo yomthengisi, kodwa wafumanisa lohambo, wenza loo nto, kuyimfuneko. Inyaniso kukuba ngo-1913 imibhiyozo edibaniswe ne-300 yeminyaka yezindlu zaseRomanovs yayiza kubanjwa, kunye neflegi yaseRussia kwiindawo ezikude ekumntla yehlabathi ingaba isipho esihle kumlawuli, kwaye umhambi wayeya kufumana igunya elingenakuphikiswa kunye nodumo.

Iingcamango eziHlonayo ze-Hydrographic Scientists

Ukuze kuhlanganiselwe umkhosi wokukhumbula, kwakufuneka ukuba ukhawuleze, kuba bekusele ixesha elincinci. Okokuqala, ukulungiswa kwendwendwe kufuna imali, kwaye ininzi. Ukufaka isicelo kwiOfisi ye-Hydrographic Main, i-Sedov ifumaneke ngokuhlonipha kodwa ukulahla ngokwebala. Amadoda afundela ngokucacileyo axelele kuye yonke into ephambili kwiplani ecwangcisiweyo, ecacisa ukuba ngokungabikho kwezakhono zobuchwepheshe ngokwaneleyo, ulwazi lwezemfundo kunye neengcali kule ndawo, enye intshiseko ayaneleyo.

Ukukhanyela kwakubonwa njengobonakaliso bokuzikhukhumeza kwenzalo yabantu kunye nokunyanzela kuye umnqweno wokuzibonakalisa kubo bonke abantu "ngubani." Eli nqaku, elipapashwe kwelinye lamaphephancwadi, lifaka ubungqina kwizinto ezicwangcisiweyo. Kulo, uSedov ubhala ukuba, ngaphandle kokuzibeka "nayiphi na imisebenzi ekhethekileyo yenzululwazi", ufuna nje ukufikelela kwisibonda, njengokungumbuzo wokuphumelela kwezemidlalo.

Iintlanganiso ezinobungozi nezisisilumko

Kodwa ukuba imvelo yamphika ingqiqo, ngoko impindezelo yanika amandla. Ukutshintshela i-press ukuya kuluntu jikelele, uSedov wakwazi ukuqokelela imali efunekayo ngexesha elifutshane phakathi kwabanikeli ngokuzithandela. Le ngcamango yayinomdla kangangokuba loo mlawuli wenza igalelo labucala ngamashumi ayi-rublewaka ayi-10, ayenama-20 ekhulwini kwexabiso elifunekayo.

Imali eqokelelweyo yathengwa ngumbhali omdala wokuhamba ngomkhumbi obizwa ngokuthi "uMfundisi oyiNgcwele uMartyr Fock", owawufanele ulungiswe kwaye ufikelelwe kumbono ofanelekileyo. Ukukhawuleza ngumsizi ombi, kwaye ukususela ekuqaleni kwachaphazela ukulungiswa kweso sihlandlo. Kwakungenakwenzeka nje ukuba bahlanganisane nabasebenzi bezobuchwephesha, kodwa abazange bakwazi ukufumana izinja zangasese kwaye sele sele baseArkhangelsk babamba izitrato ezingenamakhaya. Kwakuyinyaniso yokuba bathunyelwa eTobolsk ngomzuzu wokugqibela. Abathengisi, bethatha ithuba, batyhila imveliso engafanelekanga, ininzi yawo yayifuneka iphonswe. Ngaphezulu kwazo zonke iingxaki zenzeke ukuba umthwalo wokuthwala iinqanawa awuvumeli ukuthatha yonke imimiselo yomkhumbi ebhodini, ezinye zazo zihlala kwi-quay.

Iminyaka emibini phakathi kweqhwa leqhwa

Nangona kunjalo, ngo-Agasti 14, 1912 le nqanawa yasuka e-Arkhangelsk yaza yaya elwandle oluvulekileyo. Uhambo lwazo lwaluyiminyaka emibini. Iingqungquthela ezingapheliyo zimbini zenza ama-winterings phakathi kwe-ice cream, zifakwe ebumnyameni bobusuku be-polar. Kodwa nakwiimeko ezinjalo, abazange bachithe ixesha kwaye benze iimephu zendawo kunye neenkcazo zazo zonke iindawo zonxweme apho babe nethuba lokutyelela khona. Ngethuba lokubhaka kweyesibini, iqela lamabhenqa ngamaphepha okudluliselwa kwi-Geographical Society yasePetersburg yathunyelwa kwi-Arkhangelsk. Babequlethe iziphumo zophando kunye nesicelo sokuthumela iinqanawa ngokubonelelwa kokutya kunye nezinye izibonelelo, ezingazange zenziwe.

Isiphelo esibuhlungu sohambo

Ukuhlaselwa ngokugqibeleleyo kwiNyakatho yePole kwaqala ngoFebruwari 2, 1914. Ngaloo mini, umqhubi waseRashiya uGeorgy Sedov kunye nabanqwelwana bee-elaliphuma kwiqela lakhe bashiya i-Tikhaya Bay baze baya enyakatho kunye neenja. Ngaphambi kokuqala kohambo, bonke bavalelwa, kwaye iintsuku ezimbalwa emva koko imeko kaGeorgy Yakovlevich yancipha kakhulu. Wayengenakuhamba, wayala ukuba azibophele kwiimpahla, kwaye ngoFebruwari 20, 1914 wafa. Kwimiziwaka engamawaka amabini e-sledding eza kuza kule ngongoma, kwaphela kuphela amabini amabini.

Ngokomxholo osemthethweni, oomkhumbi, ngaphambi kokuba abuyele, bamngcwaba, benza ingcwaba ekhephu kunye nokubeka isiphambano kuso kwi-skis. Kodwa kukho enye inguqu yezinto ezenzekile, ngokusekelwe kwimiba ethembekileyo. Kuye kwachazwa kanye ngumlawuli we-museum yembali ye-Arctic Maritime Institute G. Popov. Ukuze abo basolwandle bafike elunxwemeni bephila, babedinga izinja ezixutywayo, eziye zawa zilambile. Xa besesigxina sokufa, abahamba ngeenqanawa baqhankqalaza isidumbu somlawuli wabo, kwaye izidumbu zakhe zadalwa izinja. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuhlaselwa njani ukuhlambalaza, baphumelele.

Imemori ishiye abantwana

Kwimbali yomhambi wezesayensi uSedov uGeorge Yakovlevich wangena nje nge-hydrographer kwaye engumqhubi we-Arctic Ocean. Unyana womlobi osweleyo, waba ligosa leenqwelo, ilungu leRussia Geographical kunye ne-Astronomical Society, linikezelwa ngamagosa amaninzi. Ngexesha leSoviet, uGeorgy Sedov, ofumanisa izinto ezikhoyo kwi-treasury yezenzululwazi zasekhaya, yayisisimboli sokuphuhliswa kweMntla. Inkumbulo yakhe ingapheli kwigama lezitrato ezininzi kwizixeko. Kulo mephu ungabona izinto zeendawo ezibizwa ngokuba nguGeorge Sedov. Igama lakhe laligqutywe liqhankqalaza elidumileyo. Emva kokuba u "George Sedov" okhuphukayo, omile eqhanjeni lolwandle, wayephakathi kweengqwalasela kungekhona kuphela kuluntu lwelizwe lethu, kodwa ihlabathi lonke.

Namhlanje, amaninzi amaqhawe edlulileyo kwiminyaka edluleyo abuyele kwimvelaphi, enika amaxesha anamhlanje. Nangona kunjalo uSedov uGeorge Yakovlevich uya kuhlala emlandweni wethu njengomhambi ozinikeleyo, umntu ongenakunqwenela kunye nomntu ongenakuguquka. Wayesoloko ezimisela umsebenzi omkhulu, kwaye kwakungeyena iphoso lakhe lokuba lo mva wamphatha ubomi bakhe.