Umhlaza bronchus

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umhlaza bronchus (ukubizwa ngokuba umhlaza wemiphunga) yi-95% yazo zonke izifo ithumba ezaziwayo ngayo isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. Oku kakhulu eziqhele ukufunyanwa kubantu wayeneminyaka engamashumi amane anesihlanu ubudala, kungakhathaliseki ukuba iimpawu zabo zesini. Uqala isifo umhlaza kunye ikukunyasha ubume iiseli bronchi ngoko zikhule zibe naliphi na iqumrhu, lokuvala sayo, okanye lukhula eludongeni lwayo, okanye bukhula kungena bronchi kunye esikule ezingqongileyo.

Isiqingatha abantu ngumhlaza bronchi, kukho metastases kwiindawo nkovu kunye adrenal, 40% - esibindini, no-20% - ebuchotsheni namathambo. Amaninzi, esi sifo sichaphazela kwemiphunga ekunene, phezulu yesabelo yayo.

Kukho umhlaza peripheral bronchus ukuvela kwi iityhubhu inyumoniya, nakumbindi, eziwela bronchi enkulu (engundoqo, segmental kunye equity). Wagcina ukubonakala ngo-60% yamatyala.

Cinga nqanaba uphuhliso isifo somhlaza.

1. Ubungakanani encinane Ithumba ngemibhobho ezinkulu bronchi okanye inyumoniya ngaphandle kuphuhliso metastases.

2. ekweneni ilingane naleyo kwinqanaba lokuqala yophuhliso, kodwa kukho metastases ababebodwa limfauzlah ekufutshane.

3. Ithumba ngaphandle kwemida yokukhanya kunye ikhula angabamelwane yayo uphinda omzimba Ukudlulela kwaye kuchaphazela ezalathelwe nkovu.

4. Ithumba inabela esifubeni, pleura, metastases uvalo ziqala ukuba wonke umzimba womntu.

kanye umfanekiso sifo kuxhomekeke kubungakanani kommandla ochaphazelekayo, ibakala izifo, isakhiwo ithumba. Iimpawu umhlaza Bronchus ukuqala ukubonisa i khohlo labo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni iba kakhulu kwaye lukhatshwa nokubamba-bamba umphefumlo. Ukhohlokhohlo phezu xesha lifinyele, kodwa ekhula nje. It libizwa kakhulu ngexesha ukukhula yamathumba umhlaza, xa kuyacaphukisa umzimba uxakaxa nje umzimba langaphandle kwaye ngaloo ndlela zibangela bronchospasm.

Xa Ithumba iqala iba, kukho hemoptysis. Le uphawu sizalwa ngo-40% yezigulane. Uphawu lwesithathu iintlungu esifubeni ngenxa ngokoyiswa le pleura. It sizalwa-70% bolnymh. Olunye uphawu uthathwa ukunyuka kwamaqondo ziyenzeka ngexesha ukudumba isahlulo semiphunga (ekuphuhlisweni pneumonitis).

ubuthakathaka kungaba ukwahlula phakathi iimpawu ngokubanzi, ukwehla kobunzima, ukubila, ukudinwa.

Uphuhliso izifo ezifana nomhlaza inyumoniya, kuchaphazela iinkqubo esinganyangekiyo ukudumba ibakho kwisiqwenga sokuphefumla. Ezi ziquka kwemigudu yomoya kunye nenyumoniya, kwakunye amanxeba kwi kwemiphunga ngenxa yokuhlaselwa sisifo sephepha. Kwakhona igalelo kuphuhliso bakhe ukutshaya, ungcoliseko lomoya, ngokunjalo yofuzo.

Kufuneka ke ukuba unyango namhlanje ukunika isiphumo esithile. Ngenxa yoko, izifo enjalo aphela rhoqo ukusebenzisa utyando kunye nemitha kunye nechemotherapy. Kwimeko yinyumoniya unikwe ikhosi antibiotics. La manyathelo zinika ukuphucuka okwexeshana imeko yomguli aze ayolule ubomi bakhe. Ukhetho yamanyathelo zonyango zixhomekeke imilo kwesi sifo ngumhlaza, ngesidanga namandla aso, kwakunye ubukho metastases.

Kuba amanyathelo okuthintela ziquka unyango lwe ukudumba kwisiqwenga yokuphefumla, ukuthintela uphuhliso iifom ezingapheliyo. Ukuba ngaba ukuphendula unyango, ukuba ukususa intsumpa, oko kukuthi, susa kummandla ochaphazelekayo kwemiphunga.

kubaluleke kakhulu apha ngayo ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo udonga lokuzikhusela izinto eziyingozi emsebenzini.

Ngenxa yoko, umhlaza bronchus indawo akhokelayo phakathi zonke izifo ithumba ye isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. Yofuzo, ifuthe elibi kokusingqongileyo, kunye nokutshaya abona baphembeleli phambili isifo ngumhlaza.