Chemotherapy in Oncology: iziyobisi. Njani chemotherapy in Oncology?

Ebomini bethu, akukho mhlawumbi akukho sifo mbi ngaphezu somhlaza. Ithumba mercilessly kukucheba phantsi abantu kungakhathaliseki yesini sabo, ubudala, iwonga. Suku ngalunye ngakumbi nangakumbi abantwana zilaliswe esibhedlele unesifo eyoyikekayo. Ngamaxesha anjalo kubonakala ukuba ithemba asisekho. Noko ke, indlela esebenzayo ukulwa igqalwa umhlaza. uxilongo kwangethuba zomhlaza kuphucula amathuba achache.

izifo Oncological

Umhlaza okanye umhlaza - a ithumba. Bona kwakheka ngenxa yokuzalwa ngokutsha, uphinda-phindo ngokukhawuleza weeseli epithelial. Umhlaza kuchaphazela ithambo, izihlunu, isicwili sobuchopho (nee-) kunye kwegazi. Insidiousness esi sifo kukuba uqala ngcembe akukho zimpawu ezicacileyo. asikwazi iminyaka ukuba waziva ngamathumba. Ngokufuthi iimpawu zesi sifo kuvela eqongeni lesithathu okanye lesine, xa unyango kube nzima.

isigaba bomhlaza:

• Zero xa thumba sele engakabi ixesha ukubetha iindawo nkovu kunye namanye amaziko.
• Eyokuqala, eyesibini, eyesithathu - nethumba kancane enzulu, kwalutyhutyha kwiindawo nkovu kunye namaziko ezayo.
• Lwesine - isigwebo sokufa. Ithumba inabela onke amalungu (iyakhula). Kweli nqanaba, umhlaza ayikho zifo. Indlela kuphela phandle - unyango nokulungisa, apho lwenze ubomi ofihla intlungu. Abangenamandla uhlala kude umhlaza. Amachiza asetyenziswa unyango nje buhlungu kodwa mandundu imeko yesigulane.

Oonobangela kunye nezimpawu yamathumba

Kakade ke, ukuze ndikhokelele izizwe zonke izinto ezibangela umhlaza kunzima kakhulu. yamathumba amabi, ukuze kwakheke ngathi umntu onengxaki yempilo, yaye abantu esempilweni ngokupheleleyo.

Izinto Risk ziquka:

• imikhwa emibi (ukutshaya, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala).
• Indawo yokuhlala e kwiindawo engcolile enetyhefu eyingozi.
• kukuphazamiseka hormone nokuphazamiseka.
• Ukwenzakala.
• Uxinezeleko.
• yelanga.

Ukuze Oncology chemotherapy kuphumelele, kufuneka uqaphele enesibetho enye yokuqala - sesibini isigaba. Okunye diagnosis emva kwexesha kuvame ayiphumelelanga.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ukubonakala yamathumba amabi:

• Ngesiquphe yaye ukuncipha ubunzima ilahleko (ezintlanu okanye ngaphezulu kilograms), ukungabi namdla.
• lobushushu Ukwanda umzimba, ifiva, kuthibaza.
• nemeko ngokubanzi impilo enkenenkene, umntu eziva ediniwe ngokukhawuleza.
• Uvalo, ugwayi.
• Intlungu yeendawo ezahlukeneyo.
• Utshintsho kwi eluswini - neziqu, irhashalala, mnyama, kwaqapheleka, senyongo.
• Ukophulwa echama kunye esitulweni.
• Amanxeba musani ndiphilise ixesha elide.
• Ukopha, ukwahlulwa amalungu (ukusuka iindlebe, impumlo, njalo njalo).
• Seal emzimbeni, perceptible kwi Ngokucofa.

Isifo kwaye afumane unyango iindlela

Yamathumba unokuba iintlobo ezimbini - nabungozi (kuchaphazela omzimba omnye kuphela, ukukhula izicwili iyacotha) nesibuhlungu (kusichukumisa onke amalungu, echaphazela iiseli zabo). Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko zomhlaza inceda ukuthintela ukwanda kwe-ithumba, kwakunye kwandisa amathuba ukuze ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ukumisela ubukho somhlaza, unako ukusebenzisa ubuchule ezintsonkothileyo:

• test Blood.
• X-ray.
• Itomography (CT kunye livakale magnetic).
• Ultrasound.
• iimviwo Cytological.
• Biopsy (yamathumba zophando amasuntswana).

I ngaphambili umhlaza ibhaqwe, kungenza kube lula kakhulu ukuba ukunyanga. Ngoko ke, ukuba bangazilibali naziphi na iimpawu. Ngapha koko, kunokuba ube 'ukhalela uncedo "umzimba wakho.

Unyango Cancer:

1. Zotyando - enye engundoqo. Lusetyenziswa usaqala, xa nethumba iye ibisencinane wonke umzimba.
2. Radiation therapy. Umgaqo ukusebenza - le zokukhanya iiseli umhlaza kunye DNA zabo, ebangela ukuba baphelelwe ubuchule babo ukuze bavelise baze bafe. Amaxesha amaninzi le ndlela isetyenziswa kunye uqhaqho.
3. Amachiza. Unyango yamathumba encediswa iziyobisi. Njani chemotherapy in Oncology - lo mbuzo ngamnye. Oku kuxhomekeka kwimeko ngamnye kunye nomonde.
4. unyango noncedo. Injongo - ukugcina nokwandisa ubomi umguli. Ngaloo ndlela umsebenzi ophambili - kuphele iintlungu nokubandezeleka. unyango noncedo isetyenziswa izigaba zokugqibela somhlaza, xa ithemba liphelelwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ummangaliso akuyi kwenzeka.

Njani umhlaza

unyango radiation, ezifana ichemotherapy, kwiimeko ezininzi ezisetyenziswa zidityaniswe ne uqhaqho. Ngamanye amaxesha ukususa ayikwazi ukuba ekunene yonke ithumba, wabagawula inxalenye enye kuphela kuyo. I enye indlela radiotherapy esetyenzisiweyo.

Chemotherapy na unyango lomhlaza isoloko isetyenziswa. Amayeza ukubulala ngokupheleleyo ithumba, kwaye gxotha kuphela ekukhuleni kwayo ezintsha.

Kakade ke, umhlaza ineziphumo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Injongo amayeza - ngokonakalisa iiseli ithumba. Kodwa ke kunye nabo iiseli ezichaphazelekayo yaye isempilweni. Ngoko ke, chemotherapy lwenziwa iikhosi, ikhefu phakathi kwabo ziyahluka ukusuka kwiiveki ukuya kwiinyanga eziliqela. Ngenxa yoko, umzimba ixesha ukuze kancinane. Ubude Ikhosi ixhomekeke eqongeni ithumba.

Kuba unyango sebenzisa iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili iziyobisi - cytostatics kunye cytotoxins. Ingxaki yokuqala - ukutshabalalisa iseli umhlaza, ngelixa imfuno yokugqibela ukubaleka apoptosis (ebizwa-njalo "ukuzibulala" inkqubo cells).

iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ichemotherapy in Oncology

Njengayo nayiphi na amayeza, ichemotherapy kakubi kuchaphazela umzimba. Amayeza ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza, abe inani yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kodwa xa kunyanzeleka ukuba ukhethe phakathi kobomi nokufa, ichemotherapy - ukuba encinane ezimbi ezimbini.

Unyango wenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi:

• Inaliti ngqo thumba.
• Amacwecwe.
• Inaliti efakwa okanye intramuscular. Ekubeni uninzi lwamachiza chemotherapy zifakwa.
• amalungiselelo mlonyeni.

Owona msebenzi ichemotherapy - ukubulala, ukunciphisa ubukhulu iiseli ithumba, kwakunye ukuba bayeke ukwanda lwabo. Ayimangalisi into yokuba amachiza ayityhefu kakhulu.

ziphumo bezingalindelekanga Major:

1. Ukonakala impilo, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, buthathaka.
2. ukulahleka Hair, zibe ziinkqayi.
3. Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokwetyisa.
4. Ukungezwa, ulungelelwaniso zeentshukumo.
5. ndindisholo of yesiqephu.

Naxa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kugqame - kuba akukho sizathu sokuba liyekiswe konyango. Kakade ke, ichemotherapy lineentsingiselo ezahlukahlukeneyo iimpendulo kwizigulana Oncology. Kukho iimeko apho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga phantse imperceptible kumguli. Nangona kunjalo, oku akufane kwenzeke.

Emva kwekhosi elilandelayo amalungiselelo ephilayo engagqibekanga lifinyele, kunye ngovukelo lwamayeza ubalekela ngokupheleleyo.

Izigulane ezininzi umhlaza anomdla komxholo othi "Chemotherapy kunye iinwele": kutheni kukho ilahleko, uya kuhlala ixesha elide kangakanani, nokuba iinwele omtsha ikhula umva?

Alopecia - isiphumo kwicala engundoqo nechemotherapy. Iinwele liqala ukuwa ngoko nangoko, kodwa emva izifundo ezininzi amayeza. Noko ke, ziya kubakho nini na kukho bachache ngokupheleleyo, otrastot kunye intloko entsha iinwele.

Uninzi izigulane ngexesha unyango iiwigi okanye iminqwazi.

Chemotherapy nesondlo esifanelekileyo

isidlo aphuculweyo kunye elungeleleneyo, ubomi obusempilweni - oku yokuthintela ilungileyo zonke izifo. Kuyinto isondlo esifanelekileyo ngokukodwa ezibalulekileyo ngexesha ichemotherapy. Oncology wonke - oko kusoloko elibukhali ilahleko ubunzima kunye nelahleko namdla. Ngoko ke, aphezulu-osidingayo kunye ukutya okunesondlo - indlela yokuphuma kule meko. Iimveliso eziluncedo ziya kunceda ukulawula ubunzima bomzimba, ngokunjalo nokuphucula zokuzikhusela zomzimba, apho kuyimfuneko kangaka achache.

Kukho imithetho ezilula ezimbalwa malunga ukutya ngokuyingenelo kuchaphazela umzimba ngexesha ichemotherapy:

• Ukutya kufuneka zithathwe rhoqo kwaye iinxalenye ezincinane.
• Naphi na isigulane esandleni kufuneka kusoloko ukutya magqabi.
• ukutya kakhulu ulwelo.
• Kuqala kufuneka banikwe ukutya-osidingayo.
• Kuyimfuneko ukuba siphephe sauce, marinades kunye ezithile nobulawu.
• Food in Oncology iyabiliswa ngcono. Ngenxa yoko, baya kugcina ngaphezulu.
• Kufuneka mabangezi okunamafutha kakhulu inyama, intlanzi, amaqanda ekrwada, iimveliso zobisi kunye asidi, ityuwa kunye nemifuno zifakwa. Kulungile ukuba nidle iziqhamo ngohlobo ezicujiweyo iitapile, jellies, compotes, mousses.
• Ziphephe imfuneko iziselo nezihlwahlwazayo, ikofu, ayo emuncu.
• Yokudla kufuneka ibe iimveliso ezikhoyo eziqulathe zinc, selenium, iivithamini eqela B. Oku kuyimfuneko kuba kut- iinwele.
• Encumisayo umzimba kuchaphazela ukutya zizityebi flavonoids, serotonin kunye endorphin (itshokolethi, iimveliso zaselwandle, newayini elibomvu).

Ngoko ke, umntu ngamnye kunye nomhlaza kwindawo yokuqala kufuneka kusoloko sinokubanamandla ngexesha ichemotherapy. Oncology - ayikho isivakalisi. Esi sifo siyanyangeka ukuba luchanekile ukulwa. Kwaye ukuba alwe kusoloko kufuneka amandla kunye namandla, nto leyo iqulethwe ukutya okunempilo.

Umhlaza Lung: Iimpawu, diagnosis, Treatment

Lung Cancer - uhlobo oqhelekileyo ithumba. Ubukhulu becala kuchaphazela ngabantu basetyhini. Omnye unobangela ithumba Ukuqulunqwa - inhalation of carcinogens, ezifana nokutshaya. Kakhulu baphenjelelwa yemeko ezisingqongileyo kunye neemeko zokusebenza eziyingozi (uqhagamshelane ne-nickel, radon, chromium, zokukhanya).

Ukunakana umhlaza wemiphunga kunokuba ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Elibala khohlo.
• "Ukutswina 'umoya.
• Isikhohlela igazi.
• Ubuthathaka, ukudinwa, umkhuhlane.
• ukusebenza ku Ncitshisiwe, kulula fatigability.
• Iqondo ophezulu.
• Ubuhlungu esifubeni.

Xa ngoyaba iimpawu, esi sifo kuba kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ukuba naxa ingumbandela ozaliswe ziziphumo ezibulalayo.

Ngoko ke, xa indisposition encinane kufuneka uye esibhedlele uviwo. Ichanile uphethwe "umhlaza" kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kocazululo ezifana:

1. cytology yesikhohlela.
2. Bronchoscopy.
3. biopsy ngenaliti.
4. Itomography ngekhompyutha.

Umhlaza wemiphunga - kusoloko indlela eziluncedo unyango. Kukholelwa kunye nezinye iindlela, kwakunye yabo. Phantsi yesenzo iziyobisi ziya ukunqanda ukukhula zomhlaza.

Surgery kunokwenzeka kuphela xa yokuqala - wesibini eqongeni, xa kwimimandla echaphazelekayo musa ukudlula iisentimitha ezintandathu. yamathumba amaninzi zifumaneka ngomhla wesithathu - sigaba sesine. Emva koko ukwenza lo msebenzi nje akunakwenzeka. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, amisele kwanonyango radiation entsonkothileyo, yaye "chemistry."

Kakade ke, umhlaza wemiphunga, kwakunye namanye amaqumrhu - oko kusoloko iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Reaction ukuba amachiza kwahluka kakhulu - isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, ukuqhina, ilahleko iinwele.

Kuyaphela shwaka ngoko nangoko emva izinga ukurhoxiswa iziyobisi

umhlaza ovarian

Umhlaza Ovarian - hayi sifo eqhelekileyo kunjalo ofana umhlaza wemiphunga. Noko ke, ukuba ibekwe lwesixhenxe phakathi yamathumba kwabasetyhini. Ukongeza, izinga lokusweleka liphakamileyo kanye ngenxa yesi sifo.

Isizathu - ekungakwazini ukufumanisa isifo kusekwangoko. Iimpawu zesi sifo bengekho ngokupheleleyo. Uthintelo kakuhle umhlaza ovarian iya kuba iimviwo ngonyaka ugqirha wakho. Abasetyhini abahambela oyingcali kwangexesha, ngendlela aqhube uxilongo cuke, banethuba nangakumbi bachache ngokupheleleyo xa kuthe isigulo kwangethuba zomhlaza.

engozini ngabafazi abangenazo abantwana kwisithuba seminyaka engamashumi amane anesihlanu. Ke kaloku abo ke ezithandwa "esobukhomokazi" ye nethumba (entsatsheni kakade umhlaza ovarian, umhlaza wesibeleko, ezihlobene, umhlaza webele).

Umhlaza Ovarian ezinokubona ultrasound, biopsy kunye CT scan. Indlela entsha ye uphethwe uvavanyo igazi zabamakishi ithumba. Kumanqanaba okuqala zifumaneka egazini. marker Ithumba ngasinye unoxanduva ilungu elithile. Umzekelo, ukuba ukubonisa umhlaza ithumba ovarian bamakishi CA 125 AFP.

Eyona ndlela ibhetele ukunyanga umhlaza ovarian - utyando. Ngexesha kwegazi, kummandla ochaphazelekayo zizakucimwa (oku kudla nokususwa olupheleleyo okanye olungaphelelanga zamaqanda, iityhubhu, maxa wambi wesibeleko).

Emva kokuba umsebenzi isoloko wabelwa ikhosi amayeza. Umhlaza ovarian uya kuphelisa iiseli umhlaza eseleyo.

Uthintelo engcono umhlaza ovarian kunye nezinye "libhinqa" umhlaza ukukhulelwa nokuzala, ibele-ukondla (ubuncinane ngonyaka), ukusetyenziswa zokucwangcisa ngomlomo. Indima omkhulu izicwangciso iimviwo ngugqirha, nto leyo iba ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.

Prevention of ezinezigulo

Ukuba ehlolwa of "umhlaza" kwakungathi isigwebo sokufa, namhlanje esi sifo embi koyiswa! Kwanele ukubhaqa ngexesha isifo kwaye ufune uncedo lonyango. iindlela Modern onyango akwazi ukubuyela isigulane ukuba ubomi obusempilweni. Awunakuze ngoyaba iimpawu ukrokrela kwaye iimpawu zesifo. Maxa wambi nkqu umkhuhlane elula kunokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu kwaye ukuyilwa iiseli ithumba.

Uthintelo intle umhlaza - indlela yokuphila esempilweni. Ukuhambelana nale mithetho elula kuya kusikhusela kwizifo ezininzi:

1. ukudla okufanelekileyo kunye elungeleleneyo (kubaluleke ngakumbi xa ichemotherapy isetyenziswa nomhlaza).
2. yokuphila Active, umthambo, ukuhamba.
3. Ukwala imikhwa emibi, ukuselwa kotywala elilinganiselweyo.
4. Iivithamini yonke imihla.
5. Ilanga - wakhetha, kodwa kuyingozi. Akukho nje isizathu yamathumba Long-term.
6. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokhuseleko kunye neemeko zokusebenza eyingozi.
7. ngesondo rhoqo.
8. Akukho uxinezeleko! iimvakalelo emihle!

Kakade ke, ubomi akusoloko kunjalo, njengokuba ufuna. Awusoloko ukuthobela imithetho ethile. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufuneka azame ngayo.

isiphelo

ubomi bethu umdlalo - kwaye thina sonke abadlali. Umntu got indima engundoqo, ngoxa abanye lungasuswa kuphela ugqaliselo. Ngeke wazi ngubani ukuwina kwaye ngubani na oya kuba bonke obu bomi.

Cancer - i "isibetho" kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini ananye. Yena awuzijongi ubudala, isini kunye nobume. Yena "ezafika" zonke emgceni. Kwaye nangona abantu bafumane iindlela yokulwa esi sifo eyoyikekayo, kodwa azisoloko kuzisa iziphumo.

Umzekelo, umhlaza kwinqanaba lesine - loo nto uyalibazisa nje bembuza. Kuyaphumelela kwi zigaba zokuqala zesi sifo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka uthathe uxanduva ngempilo yabo nempilo yabo babathandayo. uxilongo ngexesha kuphela kuyakusindisa ubomi nokunika ithemba!