Ulrika Eleonora - iNdlovukazi yaseSweden

Ulrika Eleonora nguNdlovukazi waseSweden owawulawula ngo-1718-1720. Ungudade omncinane kaCharles XII. Kwaye abazali bakhe ngu-Ulrika Eleonora waseDenmark noKarl XI. Kule nqaku, siza kuchaza i-biography emfutshane yomlawuli waseSweden.

Regent Potential

Ulrika Eleonora wazalelwa eStockholm Castle ngo-1688. Njengomntwana, le ntombazana yayingakhange ifakwe ingqalelo. Udadewabo omdala, u-Hedvig Sophia, wayebhekwa njengentombi enyantombazana yabazali bakhe.

Ngomnyaka we-1690, i-Ulrika Eleonora isiDanishi yabizwa nguCharles njengokwenjenjalo ukubamba isigwebo xa efa, ukuba unyana wakhe akafi. Kodwa ngenxa yokuhanjiswa kwexesha rhoqo, impilo yomfazi wenkosi iye yahlakala kakhulu. Emva kobusika ngo-1693, wayengekho.

Ingqungquthela yokufa kukaKumkanikazi

Kukho umxholo kule ndaba. Kuthetha ukuba xa umfazi kaCharles efa enkundleni, uMaria Stenbock (intombi yakhe eyintandokazi) wayelele egula eStockholm. Ngobusuku xa u-Ulrika Eleonora aye kwelinye ilizwe, u-Countess Stenbock waya kwibhotwe waza wangeniswa kwigumbi lokufa. Omnye wamagosa agxininisa kwi- keyhole. Kulo gumbi umlindi wabona ubaleke kunye no-ukumkanikazi bexoxa ngefasitela. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwejoni kwakukhulu kangangokuthi waqala ukukhohlela igazi. Ngexesha elifanayo, uMaria, kunye nabasebenzi bakhe, babonakala bekhulile. Uphando lwaqala, ngexesha apho kwacaca ukuba u-Countess wayegula kakhulu ngalobo busuku kwaye akazange aphume ekhaya. Igosa liye lafa ngenxa yokoyika, kwaye uStanbock wafa kamva kamva. U-Karl ngokwakhe wanikezela umyalelo kwaye akukho ndawo yokuthetha malunga noko kwenzekayo.

Umtshato negunya

Ngo-1714, intombi kaKumkani u-Ulric Eleanor yayixhaswe noFriedrich waseHesse-Kassel. Umnyaka kamva umtshato wabo wenziwa. Igunya le-princess landa kakhulu, kwaye uCharles XII wayelindeleke ukuba acinge ngoluvo lwakhe. Udadewethu - uHedvig Sophia - wafa ngo-1708. Ngoko ke, eneneni, umama ka-Ulrika noKarl bawodwa abameli beentsapho zasebukhosini baseSweden.

Ekuqaleni kuka-1713 ukumkani wayesefuna ukuyenza intombi yakhe ibe yi-regent yelizwe elifutshane. Kodwa andizange ndizise esi sicwangciso sisebenza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhunga lobukhosi linomnqweno wokucela inkxaso yenkwenkwezana, ngoko wamchukumisa ukuba aye kuzo zonke iintlanganiso zakhe. Kwintlanganiso yokuqala, apho u-Ulrika wayekho khona, banquma ukudibana neRiksdag (ipalamente).

Abanye abathathi-nxaxheba bavakalisa ukuqeshwa kuka-Eleanor njenge-regent. Kodwa ibhunga lobukhosi kunye no-Arvid Horn bekunxamnye nalo. Babesaba ukuba ngokuguqulwa koorhulumente, kuza kubakho ubunzima obutsha. Kamva, uCharles XII wavumela lo mshicileli ukuba asayine onke amaxwebhu avela kwibhunga, ngaphandle kwalawo athunyelwe kuye.

Umzabalazo wetrone

NgoDisemba 1718, u-Ulrika Eleonora wafunda ngokufa komntakwabo. Wathatha le ndaba kwigazi elibandayo waza wenza wonke umntu abize ngokuba yikosikazi. IBhunga alichasanga oku. Kungekudala intombazana yanikela umyalelo wokubanjwa kwabaxhasi beGeorge Gyorts kwaye ikhansele yonke imimiselo ephuma phantsi kwepeneni yakhe. Ekupheleni kwe-1718, kwintlanganiso yeRiksdag, u-Ulrika wachaza umnqweno wakhe wokuphelisa i-autocracy kwaye abuyisele ilizwe kwifom yangaphambili yolawulo.

Umyalelo waseMsombuluko waseMsombuluko waseSweden uvotele ukupheliswa kwe-absolutism, ukungabonakali kwelungelo loMninimzi kunye nokunikezelwa kwesihloko sikaNdlovukazi ku-Eleanor. Amalungu eRiksdag anesimo esifanayo. Kodwa ukufumana inkxaso yebhunga lobukhosi, le ntombazana yamxelela ukuba yayingekho amalungelo etrone.

Indlovukazi yaseSweden Ulrika Eleonora

Ekuqaleni kowe-1719, umthendeleko wenqaba amalungelo okufumana itrone. Emva koko, wayememezele ukumkanikazi, kodwa ngohlobo olulodwa. U-Ulrika wamukela uhlobo loorhulumente oluqulunqwe ziziza. Ngokwale xwebhu, uninzi lwamandla akhe adlula ezandleni zeRiksdag. Ngo-Matshi 1719, i-coronation ye-Eleanor yenzeke e-Uppsala.

Umlawuli omtsha akakwazanga ukujamelana neengxaki ezavela kuye xa ethatha isikhundla sakhe esitsha. Impembelelo ye-Ulrika yawa kakhulu emva kokungahambisani nentloko yeCancery A. Gorn. Kwakhona akazange abe nolwalamano nabazuzi bakhe - iKrunelm neSparre.

Ekufikeni kwetroneni, uMfazikazi waseSweden u-Ulrika Eleonora wayefuna ukwabelana ngamandla kunye nomyeni wakhe. Kodwa ekugqibeleni waphoqeleka ukuba ayeke le ntsebenzo ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa kokunyamekela kobukhulu. Ukungakwazi ukuvumelanisa nomgaqo-siseko omtsha, ulawulo lwalo mlawuli, kunye nempembelelo yeqabane lakhe kwiinqunto zakhe, ngokuthe ngcembe kwenza ukuba amagosa karhulumente atshintshe ukumkani.

Kumkani omtsha

Umyeni ka-Ulrike uFriedrich Hessensky waqala ukusebenza ngokusesikweni kule ndlela. Okokuqala, waba ngumhlobo no-A. Gorn. Ngenxa yeli xesha ngo-1720 wanyulwa kwiRiksdag yi-Land Marshal. Ngokukhawuleza, uMahokazi u-Ulrika Eleonora wanikela ilifa isicelo sokubambisana kunye nomyeni wakhe. Ngelo xesha isiphakamiso sakhe sabingelwa ngokungafuni. NgoFebruwari 29, 1720, i-heroine yale nqaku yatsho ngokunyanzela umyeni wakhe-uFriedrich waseHesse-Kassel. Kwakunomnye umkholwane - xa kwenzeka ukufa kwakhe isithsaba sabuyela ku-Ulrike. Ngo-Matshi 24, 1720, umyeni ka-Eleanor waba ngukumkani waseSweden phantsi kwegama likaFrederick I.

Ngaphandle kwamandla

Ukuza kutshanje u-Ulrika unomdla kwimicimbi yomphakathi. Kodwa emva kowe-1720 wasuka kubo, wakhetha ukubandakanya inceba nokufunda. Nangona ngexesha elide umlawuli wangaphambili watshintsha umyeni wakhe etroneni. Ngokomzekelo, ngo-1731 ngexesha lokuhamba kwakhe kwelinye ilizwe okanye ngo-1738, xa uFrederick wagula kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba, esikhundleni sakhe somyeni esihlalweni sobukhosi, wabonisa kuphela iimpawu zakhe ezintle. NgoNovemba 24, 1741 - lo ngumhla xa u-Ulrika Eleonora wafela eStockholm. Indlovukazi yaseSweden ayizange imshiye inzala emva kwayo.