Amapolisa ase-USSR: kwakunjani

NgoNovemba 10, 1917, ngexesha leemeko zenguqu, i-People's Commissariat yeMicimbi yangaphakathi ikhuphe isisombululo malunga nokusekwa kweMilitia yabasebenzi.

Imvelaphi

Ingcamango yamajoni yabonakala emva kowe-1903 kwiprogram yeQumrhu laseBolshevik, kwaye ngo-Matshi 1917, emva kokuba uRhulumente oPhezulu afikelele amandla, amagosa amagosa athatha indawo yamapolisa ase-tsarist. Babengabasebenzi abaqhelekileyo ababemi kwibhentshi emini, kwaye ngokuhlwa baphuma ngezibhamu ezitrato ukugcina umyalelo.

ULenin wayethetha ngesidingo sokwakha "abantu base-militia," nto leyo eyayibonisa ukugqithiswa kweengalo zabantu.

Umkhosi wokuqala we-USSR

Enyanisweni, umsebenzi ekukhuselweni komyalelo owenziwe ngabaLindi abaBomvu be-revolutionary guard. Abasemagunyeni baqonda ukuba kufuneka kube nomzimba ohlukeneyo ukubeka iliso umyalelo ngaphakathi kweli lizwe. Ngo-Agasti 1918, kugqitywe isigqibo sokuba kusekwe amapolisa. Lo mzimba omtsha wawukho kwixesha lonke lamaSoviet.

Ama-militia yaba ngabasebenzi kunye nabasimizi kunye nabantu abaneminyaka engama-23 nangaphezulu abangasebenza apho.

Amapolisa ama-tsarist kwafuneka ahlelwe ngokutsha, kuba, ngokutsho kwe-DZ Dzerzhinsky, abantu abatsha abanakukwazi ukuzisa nantoni na into emininzi yamagunya angaphambili. Kodwa le ngcamango yayinganyanzelwanga ngabasemagunyeni, kwaye i-Soviet militia yeso sihlandlo yayingabasebenzi.

Kwixesha elidityanisiweyo le-post-revolutionary, imbali yamapolisa yabhalwa ngegazi. Ngentwasahlobo ka-1918, iimbambano zokuqala zathi zabulawa ekulwa nemibutho.

Isixhobo sokuqala sokuba amagosa amagosa amanyathelo okuthotyelwa komthetho yayiyi-Mauser kunye ne-revolver. I-Mauser iyisixhobo esinamandla esaziwayo esiye sasebenziswa phantse kwaze kwaba ngamahlanu ekhulwini lokugqibela.

MoD

Ngo-Oktobha 5, 1918 amagunya akhupha ilungiselelo ngokusekwa kwamasebe ekulwa nokulwaphulo-mthetho. Uphando lophulo-mthetho lwaseMoscow phantsi kolawulo lwe-tsarist lwaguqulwa laba yiSebe lePhando loPhando loMthetho waseMoscow.

"U-Murovtsy" wayegqoke uphawu lokuchonga olukhethekileyo kwiipakethi zeebhatyi zabo - inyanga yenyanga kunye ne "Eye Murov" - iliso elibonayo. Ukwahlukana kwesebe kukhutshwe ixesha elithile.

Umsebenzi oyintloko wabasebenzi base-MUR kwakukho ukutshabalaliswa kwezigqeba ezixhobileyo, elalikuMoscow kuphela malunga nama-30.

Ifom kunye nesihloko

Ekuqaleni, abazange bacinge ngeempawu zangaphandle zohlukwano. Amapolisa ayehamba ngeengubo ezingenamthetho kwaye agqoke iingubo ezibomvu kuphela ezandleni zabo. Ngowe-1923, bafikelele ekufakweni kwefomu. Abantu abahamba ngeenyawo zaseSoviet belo xesha babenemibala emnyama yunifomu, kunye nabamahashe - i-navy blue. Insignia entsha ibonakala phantse ngonyaka. Imibala ye-buttonholes, imiqondiso ngokwabo kunye noqwalaselo lwabo luguquliwe.

Ngomnyaka we-1931, iifom yepolisi yaseSoviet yaba yimvi. Izitifiketi zamapolisa ezandula ukuvela kwamagosa azikho, kuphela izithuba.

Kanye nokubonakala kweendiza emkhosini ngowe-1936, iinqanaba zavela phakathi kwamabutho omkhosi. Ukongeza kwii-sergeants kunye namathenteli, kwakukho nababalathisi bamapolisa - iindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ngowe-1943, i-epaulettes yaziswa, kwaye umbala ophezulu we-insignia waba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngomnyaka we-1947, iifomu efanayo yatshintshile kwaye kubonakala umbala obomvu. Kwimbongo yabantwana abadumileyo nguSergei Mikhalkov malunga noMalume Steppe, iphoyisa elimi kwisithuba sayo libonakala ngokucacileyo.

NgoJanuwari 13, 1962, i-Soviet Union yamangaliswa ibali likamapolisa, owathi, ngenkathi emile, walondoloza umfazi kunye nabantwana kwi-criminal criminated crime. I-precinct uVasily Petushkov wabulawa ngokufa waza wanikezelwa emva kwegama lesiqhawe.

Amapolisa ase-USSR kunye nabasetyhini

Kwinqanaba lama-Soviet militia, abafazi babonakala ngo-1919. Uninzi lwabameli bezesondo ezibuthathaka basebenze kwiSebe leMicimbi yangaphakathi ngexesha leMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic. Kwaye ngexesha loxolo malunga nekota yesithuba sabasebenzi ngokuphumelelayo badibanisa i-epaulettes nge skirt.

Enyanisweni, abafazi ngeemeko ezibucayi ababi nakakhulu kunamadoda. Ukongezelela, iimpawu zengqondo zenza abaqeshwa abaxabisekileyo bezitho zangaphakathi.

Umbhali owaziwayo u-Alexander Marinina wakhonza kwi-Military iminyaka yama-20 ubudala, wahlalutya ulwaphulo-mthetho. Waba ngumloli wenkundla edumileyo kwi-retrait, ebhala uchungechunge lweencwadana zokufumana iingxelo malunga nobomi bemihla ngemihla yabasebenzi bezemicimbi yangaphakathi.

Qeqesho

Ukuxazulula iingxaki ngokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi, oogunyaziwe bavula iSikole seMilitia. Amapolisa ase-USSR sele aqeqeshe ngakumbi, ngokubonga kwizikolo ezisisigxina kunye nezifundo zokuphucula izakhono zamagosa kunye namagosa okulinda. Ukuze ufike kwiibhunga zophando, kwakudingeka ukuba uphumelele kwisikolo sePolisa ePhakamileyo.

Umfanekiso omhle wepolisa

Ukususela kwiminyaka engama-60, urhulumente uye wahlala ephakamisa udumo lwamapolisa emehlweni abantu. Abeendaba kunye neentelligentsia zokudala basebenze ukudala iqhawe elihle-umkhosi wamaSoviet. Amapolisa ase-USSR adume kakhulu phakathi kwabantu, ngenxa yefilimu ezithakazelisayo.

Ukususela ngo-1962 iholide- uMhla we-Militia kwi-USSR uqaliswe ngokusemthethweni. Umhla kaNovemba-10 wawuqatshelwe ngaphambili, kodwa ngaphezulu kwendawo. Kwinqanaba likarhulumente, ngalolo suku, amapolisa avuyiswa ngamagosa kunye neengcali ezilungileyo kakhulu zelizwe.

Abantu baseSoviet babekholelwa ngokuphandle kwaye baphinda ngokuphindaphinda ibinzana, elaba liphiko: "Amasosha ethu asikhusela!".