Homo sapiens (Homo sapiens) - inkangeleko, uhlanganise indalo eziphilayo nezentlalo

Homo sapiens okanye Homo sapiens, ukususela ekuqalweni kwayo unenzondelelo utshintsho ezininzi - omabini isakhiwo umzimba, kwaye kuphuhliso lwentlalo, ngokomoya.

Ukuvela abantu abaye baba imbonakalo yomzimba mihla (uhlobo) baza ke abantu bamandulo yenzeka kwi-Upper Paleolithic. amathambo abo kuqala yafunyanwa GROTTO Kromanon eFransi, ngoko ke abantu beli hlobo ziye ogama Cro-Magnon. Ukuba ezendeleyo entsonkothileyo zonke iimpawu komzimba ezinkulu ziqhelekilyo kuthi. uphuhliso lwabo engqondweni xa kuthelekiswa naleyo Bamandulo Phaya wafikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Oko izazinzulu Cro bakholelwa ookhokho bethu ngqo.

Kangangexesha elithile, olu hlobo lwabantu ahlalisane nama Bamandulo Phaya, owathi kamva wafa Cro-Magnons ibiguqulwa ngokwaneleyo neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Ukuba izixhobo ngamatye evela kubomi bemihla ngemihla, yaye indawo ngaphezu ukuqhubekekiswa nokucacisa lamathambo kunye uphondo. Ukongeza, kukho iintlobo ezininzi kwezi zixhobo - kukho zonke iintlobo uqheliso, scrapers, ngeenyembe ziinaliti. Oku kwenza abantu abazimeleyo kakhulu iimeko zemozulu kwaye ikuvumela ukuba ukuhlola kwintsimi entsha. Homo sapiens nathi sitshintshe ukuziphatha kwabo ngokubhekiselele kumadoda amakhulu, kukho unxibelelwano phakathi izizukulwana - ukuqhubeka izithethe, ukugqithiselwa amava kunye nolwazi.

Eshwankathela ngasentla, kungenzeka ukuba ukhanyise imiba engundoqo ukuyilwa Homo sapiens iintlobo:

1. ekukhuleni ngokomoya nasengqondweni, nto leyo ekhokelela self-ulwazi kunye nophuhliso nekhono lokuhlaziya. Ngenxa yoko - ukuvela zobugcisa, njengoko oko kungqinwa imizobo umqolomba nemizobo;
2. pronunciation nokuphimisela izandi (ukuvela intetho);
3. banxanelwe ulwazi ukugqithisa ukuya bakowabo;
4. ukudalwa esitsha izixhobo, ephambili emininzi imisebenzi;
5. Neolithic Revolution, okwenza ukuba (yasekhaya) izilwanyana zimbuna ukutyala izityalo zasendle.

Ezi ziganeko zibe isehlakalo ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso womntu. Bavunyelwa ukuba bazimele geqe okusingqongileyo kunye nokuba ukulawula ezinye amaqela ayo. Homo sapiens yaye kamva ivavanywa utshintsho, eyona ibaluleke ngakumbi kuzo uba inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa.

Ukuthatha angenelwe impucuko mihla, inkqubela, abantu basazama ukumisela igunya phezu amandla endalo: ukutshintsha ukuhamba imilambo, ekufunxeni imigxobhozo, kwaziswa ummandla apho ubomi ngaphambili kwakungenakwenzeka.

Ngokutsho yokuhlela mihla, uhlobo "Homo sapiens" yahlulwe zenyathi ezimbini - "Homo sapiens idaltu Man" yaye "Homo sapiens nengqiqo." Loo ukwahlulwa ibe zenyathi wabonakala emva ukufunyanwa ngo-1997 kwamathambo, ebe ezinye ezifanayo kunye amathambo nemisebenzi mihla yokwakheka yabantu, ngokukodwa - ubungakanani yokakayi.

Ngokutsho data yenzululwazi, Homo sapiens wabonakala 70-60 engamawaka eyadlulayo, yaye ebudeni belo xesha ubukho kwayo uhlobo, oko ngcono phantsi kweempembelelo bengafumani mpatheko, ngenxa yokuba lo yokwakheka kunye nesakhiwo nokomzimba akukho tshintsho.