UMaria Temryukovna: i-biography yomfazi wesibini ka-Ivan the Terrible

UMaria Temryukovna wayengowesibini umfazi ka- Ivan oyi-Terrible, kwaye ubukumkani bakhe bekungenye yexesha elimnyama kumlando waseRashiya. Kukho amaninzi amacandelo amhlophe kwi-biografi yakhe, eyenza ukwazi ukuba nobomi bomntu lo mnandi kakhulu.

Umtshato wokuqala ka-Ivan oyi-Terrible

UMaria Temryukovna wazalelwa eKabarda (eNtshona Caucasus) ngo-1544. Wayeyintombi yesikhulu sendawo. Akukho nto ibonisa ukuba intombazana yayiza kuba ngumfazi welizwe lonke laseRashiya, inkunzi yayo yayingamawaka eekhilomitha ukusuka ezweni lakubo. Nangona kunjalo, kwenzeka.

Ngeli xesha eMoscow, u-Ivan Vasilyevich IV wabusa. Ebudeni bakhe watshata no-Anastasia Zakharina-Yuryeva, owayeyintando yabantu kunye nabahloniphekileyo. Umanyano walo mbhangqwana osemtsha wawufuzisela urhulumente obonwabileyo. Kwiminyaka yokuqala yokuhlala kwakhe etroneni, u-Ivan Vasilyevich wanqoba uKazan no-Astrakhan, baqhuba ukulungiswa komthetho kunye nomkhosi. Ngamanye amazwi, ilizwe liphumelele phantsi kwe-Anastasia.

Ukukhangela umfazi omtsha

Nangona kunjalo, ngowe-1560 uRussia tsarina wagula kakhulu. Oogqirha abazange bamphakamise ezinyaweni zakhe: u-Anastasia wafa ngexesha lokukhula. Bonke aba-mbali-mbali baqaphele ukuba ukufa okungazalwanga kukubangela ukuba i-clouding yengqondo ka-Ivan IV. Wayexolisa bakhe abahlobo. EMoscow, kwaze kwabakho namahemuhemu ukuba uAnastasia wayetyhefu. Ukumkani wokuqala womtshato washiya izindlalifa ezimbini-u-Ivan noFyodor. Nangona kunjalo, isihloko sasibophelela ukuba iThaar ishade kwakhona. Ukongeza, u-Ivan Vasilievich wayeneminyaka engama-27 kuphela.

Ekuqaleni wayefuna ukudibanisa ubomi bakhe noCatherine - udade wekosi yasePoland. Nangona kunjalo, iSigismund II uAgasti ukuba imvume yakhe yokutshata ifune ukumnika uSmolensk, uNogorgorod noSpkov. I-Grand Duke yaseMoscow, kunjalo, ayinakuqhubeka nale ndlela. Ngoko ke, ngomnyaka ofanayo no-1560 wathumela i-ambassy eCaucasus ukuze athole umlingane omtsha kweli lizwe eliqhelekileyo nakude.

Ubhaptizo lukaMariya

Ama-ambassadors afika kwiNkosana yaseKabardian. Wavuma ukukhupha intombi yakhe kwi-Tsar yaseRashiya. UMaria Temryukovna (igama langempela uKuchenei) waya eMoscow kunye nomphathi omkhulu kunye nomntakwabo uSaltankul. Kwinqununu abaye badibana no-Ivan the Terrible. Emva kokuphonononga okufutshane (esi siko safika kuRus ukusuka eByzantium), ukumkani wavuma ukutshata nentombazana eyayineminyaka eli-16 ubudala.

Kwaye kwagqitywa ukuba uza kudlula ubhaptizo lobuholi be-orthodox aze athathe igama elithi Maria Temryukovna. Le nto yayiyimfuneko ebalulekileyo, apho abameli bakaRashiya babethelela inkosana yaseKabardian. UMariya wabhaptizwa nguMetropolitan Macarius - umntu ophakamileyo wecawa. Emva koko, njengomqondiso wemvume yakhe yomtshato, u-Ivan wanika umtshakazi iheki ngeeparele kunye neendandatho. Umtshato wenziwa ngo-Agasti 21, 1561.

Unyana kaMaria Temryukovna

Ngo-1563, uMaria Temryukovna, umfazi ka-Ivan the Terrible, waba ngumama. U-Tsarevich waqanjwa ngokuthi nguBasil ngozuko lukayise-uMkhulukazi waseMoscow uVasily III. Uyise wengane esandula kuzalwa wayeselo xesha emkhosini osebenzayo. Kwakukho iMpiyon yaseLibonian ngokumelene neentlanzi zaseJamani eBaltic naseLithuania. U-Ivan IV wafunda ngokuzalwa kwonyana wesine xa ebuya ePoltsk.

Nangona kunjalo, uvuyo lukayise lube lufutshane. Usana lwafa kuphela emva kweeveki ezintlanu emva kokuzalwa, ngokucacileyo ngenxa yokugula okwempilo. Kungekudala, kwiCatedralral yeNtloko, umntwana wakhe oyedwa, uMaria Temryukovna, wangcwatywa. I-Biography kaVasily Ioannovich yayimfutshane, kwaye ukufa kwakhe okungalindelekanga kwabangela enye inkxwaleko enkundleni ye-tsar.

Eyobuhlungu yamukelwa ngumfazi weNkosana uAndrew Staritsky, uEfrosinho. Watsholwa ngelinjongo elibi malunga nentsapho yasebukhosini. Intombi yafakwa entolongweni, kwaye emva kweminyaka emininzi kwithuba elilandelayo le-opal, ukumkani wayala ukuba ammisele emlanjeni.

Umntu

Uthe ukumkani wayenethemba lokuba umtshato wakhe wesibini uya kuvuyiswa njengowokuqala. U-Anastasia wayelungileyo ekukhombeleleni umyeni wakhe. Emva kokufa kwakhe, u-Ivan the Terrible waba ngumtyholi. Wasebenzelana nabalingani kunye nabahlali ngokusesikweni. Ngoxa abanye babethuthuzelwa emagumbini eKremlin, abanye babenethemba lokuthi uMaria Temryukovna wayeza kuzwakalisa ilizwi lakhe kubo. Ngelishwa, akunakwenzeka ukucinga umfanekiso we-documentary ubungqina belo xesha, kodwa emva kokufunda imithombo ethile ebhaliweyo, umntu unokugqiba ukuba kwakungeke kwenzeke ukuba angatshintshe umyeni wakhe aze atshintshe izigqibo zakhe.

Kwabantu kwanomfanekiso kaMaria Temryukovna, ibhinqa elimnyama nelisikrokre, liye lucwangciswa. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, abahlali belikhulu-ntloko baqala ngegama eliphantsi ukuba bamangalele ngempembelelo embi kwi-tsar. Mhlawumbi kwakungumzamo wabantu ukucacisa iGrozny ngenxa yokoyika. Nangona kunjalo, kodwa umbusi kunye noDuke Omkhulu baphatha umfazi wakhe wesibini ngokungakumbi ngokungabandakanyekanga minyaka yonke. Ngaloo xesha, wayemhlonela ngokugqithisileyo inkumbulo kaAnastasia.

Ukufa

UTarina Maria Temryukovna wafa ngowe-1569 kwisixeko sase-Moscow saseAlexandrov. Iimeko zokuhamba kwakhe ebomini aziwa. Umfazi ka-Ivan the Terrible wayesandule ukubuya eVologda kwaye, mhlawumbi, wayegula kakhulu endleleni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amahemuhemu enetyhefu asasazeka kwakhona. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kwakunjani, ukufa komfazi wakhe kwandisa u-Ivan Vasilyevich wepanoia ngakumbi. Wasebenzisa esi siganeko njengesizathu somnye umtsalane wokutshatyalaliswa ngokutsha.

I-Tsaritsa yangcwatyelwa kwiNdlunkulu ye-Ascension. Inkumbulo yabantu kuye kwakungekho nto enhle ngo-Anastasia. Nangona kunjalo, e-Nalchik, kwilizwe lakubo, ngo-1957 kwakhiwe isicatshulwa kuMaria Temryukovna. Umkhosi wokuvulwa kwesikhumbuzo sagqiba ukuhambelana nesiganeko sama-400 sokubanjiswa kwe-Kabardin e-Russia.