Ukubunjwa koMkhosi wamaRashiya. Iinqwelo zoMkhosi wamaRashiya. Iflegi yoMkhosi wamaRashiya

Iinqwelo zamanxweme zihlobo oluthile lweeMpi zoMkhosi, ezilinda kwiintlanga zaseRashiya. Bakulungele ukukhusela amaMeland kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa zaselwandle kunye nolwandle. Le nqanawa ikulungele ukusebenzisana namaQumrhu oMhlaba ngexesha lokulwa kweemfazwe zelizwekazi.

Iflegi yeNavy

Ifulegi yoMkhosi wamaRashiya isisimboli sobugorha nozuko. Inembali ezukileyo. Ukubonakala kwakhe kuhambelana negama likaPetros Omkhulu, kunye negama - negama lompostile uAndreya obizwa ngokuba ngumntu wokuqala, oye wenzelwe ukuba ngumfundi wokuqala obizwa ngokuba nguKristu. Ukongezelela, nguyena ongcwele, ozalisekisa ukuthunywa kukaThixo, weza ezweni elizayo laseRashiya, ephethe ukholo kubantu abahlala kulo. Inhlonipho ejulile yamaRashiya yabonakalisa ekuqinisekiseni iStrans Andrew's Order ngo-1696, ehlotshiswe ngomfanekiso wompostile ozukileyo oye watyelela umhlaba wethu.

Yenza njani ifulegi? UPetros I, umguquleli omkhulu womkhosi kunye ne-navy, ngokwakhe wenza inxaxheba kwi-heraldry. Wahlalutya ukufana kwezembali, iimpawu. Isizathu esiphezulu sesibhengezo sasingumgca ongenamathele (umpostile uAndreya, njengoKristu, wabethelwe esiphambanweni ngenxa yokholo). Ngoko ke, kwizizukulwana ezininzi zamanqanawa ethu, isimboli esiboniswe nguTsar Peter yayihlanganiswe ngokholo kunye ne-Fatherland. Ngokomgaqo wemikhosi, umthetheli, ekhuluma nabalwandle baseRussia phambi kwemfazwe, ehlala ephela ngamazwi awagcinwa nguThixo kunye neflegi yaseSt. Andrew.

Inqwelo-moya ukususela ngo-1992 ibuyiselwe ifulegi yembali yomkhosi waseRashiya, ngaloo ndlela iqhubeka isithethe esithintekileyo. Ngaphantsi kwakhe, njengangaphambili, abakwa-seamen baqhuba imisebenzi enoxanduva lokugcina amandla okukhusela ilizwe.

Imisebenzi yale nqanawa ngexesha loxolo

Ngexesha loxolo, ubuchule beenqwelo-moya luyakunceda ukutshabalalisa ubuninzi bezitha ngokubhekiselele kwiRussian Federation. Kukho uqeqesho oluqhubekayo kunye nomsebenzi wokulwa. Kubonakala ngathi ixesha lizoxolo, kodwa kwindawo ethile kwiindlela ezihamba ngeendlela ezihamba ngeendlela ezinqamlezileyo (RPSN) zihlala ziphaphile. Kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo eziphambili, ukukhangela, ukujonga kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-RPLN, amaqela athatha intshaba enokwenzeka ukuba ayenziwa. Kukho ukuchasana nobulumko bakhe, ukunxibelelana. Uphononongo lokuqala lweendawo zokusebenza kwemikhosi enokwenzeka.

Umkhosi wamaRashiya ulungele ukukhusela ulwandle, usebenze ngokubambisana noMphathiswa weMicimbi yangaphakathi kunye nemikhosi yangaphakathi kwimeko yemibango yezopolitiko, kwaye xa uhlawulela iziphumo zeentlekele-sebenzisana kunye neSebe lezeMeko ezixakekileyo kunye nokukhusela.

Ngokucacileyo, yiiNqwelomoya zoMbane ezimelela isiqinisekiso esingcono kakhulu sokuphunyezwa komsebenzi wezoqoqosho kazwelonke kwi-Ocean Ocean. Bamele iRussia Federation kumanzi amaninzi amaninzi, enze imisebenzi emele umyalelo ngomyalelo ngokuvakashela iinqanawa. Umlambo waseRussia uzalisekisa uxanduva lwangaphakathi ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yokugcina uxolo ephakanyiswe ngummandla wehlabathi, ngaphandle kokuba ihlangabezana neemfuno zelizwe.

Imisebenzi ye-Fleet ngexesha lokulwa

Ngexesha leemfazwe, le nqanawa ilungele ukukhusela ulongamo loluntu kumanzi olwandle lwangaphakathi, kwindawo yendawo ekhethekileyo, kunye nakwi-shelf yelizwekazi. Ukongezelela, kufuneka kwakhona, phantsi kweengongelo zempi, asebenze "umsebenzi wamanzi" - ukukhusela inkululeko yolwandle oluphakamileyo. Ukwenza imisebenzi ekhankanywe ngasentla, ngexesha elichazwe yimigangatho yokusebenza kwempi, idluliselwa kummandla wasemkhosini ngokusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kukho ithuba lokufumana ingxabano okanye ukukhusela, ukukhusela ukuhamba, lo msebenzi usenziwa kuqala.

Ngeemeko zesigaba esisebenzayo sokulwa, iinqwelo zaseRashiya zeNavy zimele zenze iithagethi zomhlaba zithaba ezide, ziqinisekise indlela yokulwa ye-RPSSN, isiteleka kumandla angaphantsi kwamanzi kunye nomhlaba, ukukhusela ummandla weentshaba, ukukhusela umda waseRashiya, kunye nokusebenzisana nemibutho yomkhosi.

Ukubunjwa koMlambo

Ubukhokeli be-navy buqhutywe yi-Chief of Chief of the Navy. Oku kubhekisela kulawulo lwemikhosi yalo esebenzayo kunye neendlela: ummandla kunye naphantsi kwamanzi, ukuhamba ngeenqwelo zamanxweme, imikhosi yamanxweme, iinqwelo zogu lwamanxweme kunye ne-missile, kunye nolwandle olwandle.

Ngombutho, uMbutho wamaRashi waseRussia uqulethwe yimibutho elandelayo yokusebenza: i-Baltic, North, Pacific, i-Black Sea Fleet kunye neCaspian Flotilla.

Northern Fleet

Iziseko zeenqanawa zeNorthern Fleet ziyiSeveromorsk neSeverodvinsk. Kubizwa ngokuba yi-oceanic, i-atomic, i-missile. Isiseko samandla okulwa sisakhiwe ngeenqwelo zezixhobo ezinokwakheka kweekrarikliya kunye nezixhobo zokuhamba ngee-torpedo, i-misspedes kunye neenqwelo-moya, iinqanawa ze-pr / izikebhe, iinqanawa ze-missile, kunye nomqhubi wenqwelo-moya. Ngexesha elifanayo, le mfazwe yemfazwe yintlambo yeyona nto ehamba phambili ye-Russian Navy.

Ubungakanani balo mkhumbi we-missile ngu-251.1 m, ububanzi buyi-28.5 m, ukuphakama ukusuka kwinqanaba lomphambili walo ngowama-59 m, ukufuduka kungama-23.7 iitoni eziliwaka. I "ntliziyo" enkulu yeli giant ihanjiswa ngamagatya amabili enyukliya. Ukuzimela kokuhamba kwebalasethi yaseRashiya kuchongwa ngokubonelelwa kokutya kwabasebenzi kwibhodi, okwaneleyo malunga neenyanga ezimbini. Ngokomsebenzi, ngenxa yamagcisa ayo, i-cruiser ingakwazi ukubhukuda ngokungenamkhawulo-ngaphandle kokubiza kwi-port. Isantya esiphezulu senqanawa ngamaqhina angama-31.

I-Northern Fleet yinto ephawulekayo yokusebenza-iqhinga loMkhosi wamaRashiya waseRussia. Imisebenzi yemikhosi eyenza amandla ayo kwiimfazwe zemfazwe zokuqeqeshwa ngokulwa zihlala zihleliwe. Ngokomzekelo, i-flagship yeenqwelo-moya malunga nanye ngonyaka kunye nesiqingatha, kunye ne-cross cross crosses e-Atlantic Ocean, ngenxa yakhe ithathe inxaxheba kumaziko ngamazwe "Vostok-2010", "i-Indra-2009".

IBaltic Fleet

Ephantse kwi "window eYurophu" yinkonzo yeBaltic Fleet yoMkhosi wamaRashiya. Ukubunjwa kwalo (iinqanawa) ngoku kuqhutywe ngokunyanisekileyo kwaye kuhlaziywa. Inkqubo iqhutyelwa ngokuchasene nomda wokwakhiwa kwamandla omkhosi wamazwe ase-NATO eYurophu. Iinqwelomoya zeBaltic zicetywa ukuqiniswa ngenxa yefrigates entsha yeprojekthi 11 356 kunye neembhozo ezisibhozo zokuthuthwa kwemikhosi kunye neerokethi-torpedoes ezikhuselekileyo.

Lolu qeqesho olusebenzayo lusekelwe kwingingqi yaseKaliningrad (iBaltiysk) nakwindawo yaseLeningrad (iKronstadt). Imisebenzi, ikhusela ummandla wezoqoqosho waseBaltic, inokubangela ukhuseleko lokuhamba kwinqanawa, izalisekisa imisebenzi yomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle. Le yile nqanawa yeRashiya enkulu kunazo zonke. Ibali lakhe laqala ngokusinqoba kweenqanawa zaseSweden ngo-Meyi 18, 1703. Namhlanje ababhubhisayo ababini - "Abangenasiphelo" kunye "Ukunyamezela" -yakha isiseko samandla okulwa eBaltic Navy yaseRashiya.

Iifom zayo zokulwa nezixhobo ezinqwelomoya ze-diesel, ukwahlula kweenqanawa zomhlaba, iinqanawa ezincedisayo zeenqanawa, imikhosi yonxweme, ukuhamba ngeenqwelo. I-flagship ingumtshabalali "Ukunyamezela". Kulo nyaka, iinkqubo zokuhamba ngeenqanawa (i-hydrometeorological complexes, i-cartographic systems, izikhombisi ze-hydrocourse, njl. Njl) zihlaziywa, kwaye i-Baltiysk harbour iyamanje.

I-Black Sea Fleet

Emva kokungena kwiRashiya yaseRashiya yaseCrimea, ngowama-1783, kunye noMpress Catherine Omkhulu, le nto yenziwa. Namhlanje isekelwe kwizixeko zaseSevastopol naseNovorossiysk. Ukususela ngo-18.03.2014 isiseko esisisiseko se-Black Sea Fleet - i-Sevastopol-siyinxalenye yeRashiya.

Abantu abayi-25 000 babala i-l / s yoLwandle oluLwandle oluMnyama lwaseRashiya. Amandla ayo alandelayo kunye neendlela zenziwa: i-diesel-type type, iinqanawa zomhlaba zolwandle olwandle, uhlobo lokuhamba ngeenqwelo zamanzi (umqhubi, umkhosi, olwaziyolo lwangaphantsi). Imisebenzi ephambili yale nqanawa kukukhusela ummandla wezoqoqosho lwaMnyama kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhamba. Ubungakanani beenqanawa yi-cruisers cruise cruiser.

Njengamanje, ababukeli bemikhosi baxela ukubunjwa kwamandla olwandle olunxwemeni olwandle lwamanxweme kunye neenqwelo zokurhweba kunye nezixhobo zobugcisa zomsakazo, ezixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo ze-SAM ze-S-300PM2, iPantsir-C1. Kulindeleke ukuba uhambo lokuhamba ngeenqwelo zamanzi luza kuqiniswa ngeenqwelo ze-MiG-29 ne-Su-27SM, i-Su-25SM yokuhlasela iinqwelo-moya. Kucetywayo kwakhona ukuqinisa iinqwelo-moya ezichasene nokukhupha iiyunithi nge-IL-38N, ii-helicopter zokuhlaselwa kwe-Ka-52K kunye ne-Ka-27.

Njengoko kuchazwe kumaphephandaba, i-regiment yeembombo zexesha elide iTu-22M3 iya kumiswa kwi-airfield eGvardeisky. Baya kukwazi ukuxhasa iinqanawa zoMkhosi wamaRashi waseMedithera. Ngokufanayo, ukwakheka kweyunithi yomkhosi we-peninsula eyenziwa emhlabeni.

Pacific Fleet

Le nqanawa yaseRashiya inika inxaxheba kwimimandla yaseRashiya kwimimandla yaseAsia-Pacific. Isekelwe eVladivostok, eFokino, kwi-Small Ulysses. Isiseko samandla okulwa sisicwangciso sogqithiso samanzi angaphantsi kwamanzi, i-nyukliya kunye ne-diesel submarines, iinqanawa zomhlaba zaselwandle, ukuhamba kweenqwelo-moya (umqhubi, umkhosi, unqwelomoya), umkhosi wonxweme. Ububanzi beenqwelo-moya yiVaryag rocket cruiser.

Le nqanawa yenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo wokuqhelisa iikryukliya. Ngokusoloko kwimizila yokulwa kunye neenqanawa zenyukliya. Iinqanawa zasePacific zeMarha yaseRussia zenza ukhuselo oluqinisekileyo kwingingqi yezoqoqosho zommandla.

ICaspian Flotilla

I-flopila yaseCaspian isekelwe eMakhachkala naseKaspiisk. Ummandla wale yolwandle yindawo yawo yoxanduva. Ngombutho, i-flotilla liyinxalenye ye-VO yeSouth. Yenziwe ngamagosa kunye namabutho eenqanawa zomhlaba. I-flagship ye-flotilla yinqanawa ye-patrol uGepard, ifakwe iinqwelo zokukhwela i-Caliber-NK. Imisebenzi yokuphikisana nobugandlo, ukhuseleko lokuhamba, ukukhuselwa kwezinto zaseburhulumenteni zaseRashiya kummandla ovelisa ioli zibekwe phambi kwayo.

Iinqanawa eziyingxenye yoMkhosi wamaRashiya

Ekuboneni kokuqala, kunzima kumntu onokuzicingela ukucinga ngokubunjwa kwemikhosi yoMkhosi wamaRashiya, kodwa nangona kunjalo, le ngcaciso ifumaneka ngokukhululekile. Oku kwenza ukuba "uvumelane ubunzima": kwifom ehambelanayo, ukubonelela ngeenkomfa zelizwe elithatha i-1/5 yomhlaba (bona iThebhile 1). Ingxelo malunga nesicatshulwa esivumelekileyo kwitheyibhile: i-flotti kuyo ukuze kulungelelaniswe kuboniswe kwiibhokisi ezikhulu.

Itheyibhile 1. zamob Navy Russia ekuqaleni kuka-2014.

Amathuba nophuhliso Russian lwaphela

Makhe sihlolisise amathuba yophuhliso fleet esekelwe kwi-ndlebe kunye umphathi kwi intloko Russian Navy Admiral Viktorom Viktorovichem Chirkovym.

kanye logic Navy bhaza, yonke ephilayo, wathi Admiral, akayi kwamkela izigqibo ngokungxama.

Ngoko ke, uphuhliso wayo ecwangcisiweyo inkqubo-qhinga 2050 Injongo inkqubela lu dityanisiwe ukwanda impumelelo zokuthintela inyukliya yotshaba.

Esi sicwangciso sibonelela ukuba Navy Russian ziya kufumana iinqanawa ezintsha ngezigaba-3:

• ukususela ku-2012 ukuya ku-2020;
• ukususela 2021 ukuya 2030;
• ukususela 2031 ukuya 2050.

Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala zolwakhiwo cruisers zenyukliya kwamanzi Generation IV ziza kugqitywa. Umdlali ophethe ezingundoqo izixhobo ballistic ziya RPLSN 955A projekthi.

Isigaba sesibini siya kufezekiswa kuphawulwa ekutshintshweni Generation ezikhoyo IV RPLSN oontanga babo. Kwakhona izicwangciso ukudala umgangatho inqanawa inkqubo enomjukujelwa qhinga aselwandle. Ngelo xesha linye uphuhliso cruisers inkwili atom isizukulwana sesihlanu iza kuphehlelelwa.

Ekwakheni Isigaba sesithathu isizukulwana cruisers enyukliye V Sasivavanywa kufuneka athunyelwe.

Ukongeza iimpawu ezibalulekileyo amandla amandla Russian Navy, iinqanawa entsha - cruisers inkwili qhinga kunye RPLSN - luya kubalulwa ngokwanda emfihlekweni, ingxolo phantsi, unxibelelwano egqibeleleyo, ukusetyenziswa weerobhoti.

Imingeni elijongene nayo imikhosi zonxweme

Eku sunguleni, thina sithe sawongwa isiseko iphambili Russian waseManzini zonke mabutho bayo. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso okucwangcisiweyo wezithuthi zethuba elifikelela ku-2050, Kakade ke, iphathwayo, Coast Guard. Yintoni nokuphimisela ibona Commander Chirkov? Ukuqwalasela isiseko Russian waseManzini kwinkqubo yophuhliso ngakumbi qhinga, uVictor lixhomekeke kugqitywe iinkqubo zokhuselo lwamanxweme, uqeqesho kunye nokwenza of uMarines ukuphumeza imisebenzi kwi North.

isiphelo

Nangona isiseko lwesakhiwo sesebe le-Russian Navy akayi ukutshintsha (4 no-1 fleet wayenothotho), ngaphakathi kwabo kuya kudala ezahlukeneyo moya ugwayimbo amandla. Xa isitshixo yendalo yabo iyaqhubeka ukuphuhlisa ngempumelelo izithuthi yaqonda, iinkqubo basemoyeni, robotosistem zaselwandle, izixhobo ezingezo-olubulalayo.

UPawulos ke ngokutsha Russian Navy, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ngokukhethekileyo nethemba ekuhlaziyeni IV le nqanawa, kwaye ngoko ke isizukulwana V. Kodwa isisekelo Navy amandla emva kokuba isicwangciso iya kuba isizukulwana ehamba Cruiser V atomic. Ukwanda inqununu ukulwa mbane kuya kukhatshwa ukuphuculwa kweenkqubo zolawulo, ukuhlanganiswa imikhosi aselwandle kwimikhosi inter-nkonzo kwindawo yokubonela impi kunokwenzeka.

Ekupheleni intshumayelo yethu eqhelekileyo ye-Russian Navy - ifoto flagship yayo enyukliya, i Cruiser enomjukujelwa "Pet Veliky".