Ukonakaliswa nge ethyl utywala: iimpawu, zoncedo lokuqala, unyango, iziphumo

A imeko ukuvela ekusetyenzisweni kwe-ethanol, yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba wonke umntu okhe wazama iziselo ezinxilisayo. Small lamanani le kwemichiza eyenza umntu ekhululekile kwaye ochwayithileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ukusetyenziswa kweziselo eziqulathe utywala hi mpimo lowutsongo, kukhokelela silale nokunganaki. Kuxhomekeke iimpawu nethe eziphilayo. Abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba i "kude kakhulu" kunye notywala, ngoko kukho yimbi. Ezizezi - isicaphucaphu, isiyezi, nedumbe xa ehamba, ukugabha. kubonakaliswa kobungqina kunxilwe.

Ityhefu Utywala kweziqu yayo

Ukonakaliswa nge ethyl utywala leyo edla ngokwenzeka xa besebenzisa ngaphakathi. ukunxila azixhaphakanga kunokubangela ngokuhlikihla ukwimo kwi esikhumbeni okanye inhalation komsi utywala. Kule meko sithetha yingozi kweziqu of ethyl utywala. Phantse njalo xa ukusela utywala ukunxila kwenzeka. Ityhefu kakhulu ixhomekeke ithamo utywala kunye neempawu ngamnye. Uphawu lokuqala kunxilwe yimeko euphoric. Ngaphandle kokuba kukho umntu ogulayo, utywala nangoku kuchaphazela umzimba, ibangela uxinizelelo lula isidanga yityhefu. Ngenxa yokwanda xi bonisa iimpawu imandundu impilo jikelele. Kukho isicaphucaphu nokugabha, iintshukumo unganxibelelananga apha kuba, loo - mfiliba.

Ethyl utywala - yinto ulwelo ezingenambala ukuba livumba ethile. Oku kusetyenziswa amayeza njengoko zintsholongwane kwaye kuphela kwamachiza ezininzi. Ukongeza, ethanol isetyenziswa yokudla. Lusetyenziswa zokuthambisa ezahlukahlukeneyo, namafutha aqholiweyo. Zonke ezi zakhiwo kuba iqela ethutyana. Phantsi ubuthi ngqo ngu ukunxila ethyl utywala kuthetha ephilayo leyo iye yakhula ngenxa yokusetyenziswa iziselo ezinxilisayo. Oko kungakhokelela ekubeni neziphumo ezibi, phakathi kwabo - ukuphazamiseka yokujikeleza, angabikho zingqondweni, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Oonobangela ubuthi ethyl utywala

Amaxesha amaninzi ethyl utywala ityhefu ezinxulumene kunye nokuselwa kotywala kungomlinganiselo eziphakamileyo. Inguqu evela mizwa ezinqwenelekayo ukuba amava amaninzi xa uthatha iziselo namandla, ukuba ukunxila kuphunyezwa xa ithamo lidlula ethanol 1 ml igazi (1 PPM). Eziyityhefu kwiimeko kakhulu random, njengoko umntu uyayeka ukulawula ubungakanani yokusela utywala kunye iimpawu ukuphuhlisa emva komzuzwana. Ngamanye amaxesha utywala ukunxila ebantwaneni. Isizathu kukuba abazali be- up kunye kid wathabatha amanzi asele okanye ijusi ukuwasela. Ngaphandle yingozi nge ethyl utywala, umntu ukuphuhlisa ukunxila kwaye ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngokwesivumelwano. Ezi zizathu zibandakanya ezi meko zilandelayo:

1. Ukwamkelwa kwabafundi iikhompawundi chemical ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ziquka alkoholi apho ubumdaka ezi aldehydes methanol.
2. Sebenzisa ngaphakathi Cologne, zinendlela izityalo ifriji, infusions zamachiza kunye t. D.
3. Inhalation BF ngcina, eziquka ethyl utywala kunye acetone.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ababambeleyo Ityhefu ubonakala kungekhona ukunxila okanye utywala. Ukongezelela, kunye nonyango yezi meko. Ngoko ke, phambi kokuba uncedo kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kanye kanye abantu ziphele.

Indlela kunxilwe utywala

Ukutyhefa nge ethyl utywala eyenzeke ngenxa yeenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zengqo- ibakho emzimbeni. Inkoliso yale nto umzimba sisibindi. Njengoko sisazi, umzimba onoxanduva neutralization ityhefu. Isibindi uba ezizodwa enzyme - dehydrogenase utywala, nto leyo lusicande ethanol. 10% utywala livela ephilayo namanye amalungu - izintso nemiphunga.

Emva yakudibana ethanol igazi, ezi nguqu zilandelayo zenzeke: siyabutyaka phospholipid umaleko, nto leyo iquka inwebu (lisesingxobeni) kunye nokunyuka permeability zeselula. Uninzi konke oko kuchaphazela inkqubo luvo. Ngapha koko, utywala into neurotoxic. Kuxhomekeka yoxinaniso kunye susceptibility wabantu ethanol na ukusebenza okanye inhibition le CNS. Xa ithamo utywala ngaphezu kwe-5 PPM, abangaphangeliyo amaziko ebalulekileyo yobuchopho ekhokelela ekufeni.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi imethyl kunye ethyl utywala?

Indlela ukwahlula phakathi imethyl utywala ukusuka ethyl nokunika inkathalo nomonde? Ngaphandle kokuba yityhefu zezi izinto uneempawu ezifana ukwazi umahluko phakathi kwabo kuyimfuneko. Kuba kuchaphazela unyango. Methyl (imithi), utywala alisetyenziswa ekuveliseni iziselo ezinxilisayo. Isetyenziswa ekuveliseni antifreezes, izinyibilikisi, iiplastiki. Ithi isetyenziswe amafutha kwiintlobo ezithile iimoto. Kanti, indlela ukwahlula phakathi imethyl utywala ukusuka ethyl? Emva ukubonakala ezi zihlanganisi yamachiza efanayo. Methyl utywala, ezifana ethanol, akukho mbala. Ukongeza, ukuba abe livumba efanayo. Ukwahlula phakathi kwezi izinto, kuyimfuneko ukuba ngomlilo ulwelo olunokutsha. Xa oku nelangatye ethanol uya kuba umbala oluhlaza, kwaye ukusuka imethyl utywala - oluhlaza. Iimpawu ubuthi ezi zinto zahluka thile. Iimpawu yetyhefu, unobangela oko imethyl utywala, ixesha ekuphuhliseni - ukususela kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuya ngenye imini. Ukongeza, yityhefu leyo ezingahambi wobuzwe. Ngokufuthi, umguli okanye abantu bakhe abasondeleyo unako ukuphendula umbuzo wokuba yintoni eyabangela ukunxila.

Ukonakaliswa nge ethyl utywala: iimpawu zesifo

Iimpawu kunxilwe okubangelwa ityhefu utywala bafana nezinye izinto eziyityhefu. Umahluko na utshintsho kwi imeko yengqondo-iimvakalelo. Emva yingozi nge ethyl utywala lungenzeki ngoko nangoko emva ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Oku landulelwa iimpawu CNS excitation (ukunxila wobulali). Bona ebalasele ukwanda mood, ukubila, ukuthoba ulusu. Ezi mpawu zilandelayo kuvandlakanywa ityhefu eliphakathi:

1. Ukususela luvo - nedumbe xa ehamba, sinciphise kwezihlunu, intloko ebuhlungu. Abantu abane lwegazi ukuze aphuhlise kwegazi apha ebuchotsheni. Ngelo xesha iphawulwe iimpawu ezifana antsi kwi imilenze, ukukhubazeka, ukungaboni.
2. Ngomhla inxalenye iphecana zesisu - isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukungabi namdla. neentlungu esiswini akusoloko ulandelwe.
3. inkqubo Cardio-nemithambo - yokubakho qho izinga lentliziyo kunye nezinga intliziyo, ukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi.

Utshintsho esiyibona yokuziphatha kwabantu. Abanye abantu balwe, abanye - behlelwa kukudakumba. Okukwiqondo kakhulu uqala isiqaqa, kunokwenzeka - unditsho, ukubanjwa sokuphefumla.

Yintoni enokubangela ukunxila okanye utywala?

Imiphumo yingozi nge ethyl utywala kaninzi yintlekele. Akukho utywala wonder kuqwalaselwa kuphela ingxaki unyango kodwa kwezentlalo. Ngapha koko, ngenxa yotshintsho indlela umntu uyayeka ukulawula izenzo zabo. Oku kukhokelela yingozi yemoto, imililo, imeko-mthetho. Ukongeza, ukunxila ezinganyangekiyo baligalele iphela Encephalopathy kakhulu, ukuba aphathwe. It wayibhiyozela memory sifo, ukucinga, ukulala. Kwakhona utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwenzeka esibindini nepancreas. Phakathi kwabo, isifo - steatosis, ukuqina kwesibindi, pancreatitis esinganyangekiyo.

Imiphumo ukunxila etsolo ziquka ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo - tremens (hallucinatory syndrome, ihambo disorder), ukufa kwamalungu omzimba, iposi engabalulekanga, ukufa isiqaqa.

uncedo lokuqala ngobuthakathi baligalele

Emergency pfunaka yityhefu nge ethyl utywala ukuqaliswa-40% glucose, vitamin B1 (hydrochloride), ascorbic acid. Xa ukunyuka kwegazi kuyimfuneko ukuzinzisa imeko yesigulane. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le sulfate therapy wemagniziyam.

Ukonakaliswa nge ethyl utywala: unyango ekhaya

Uncedo ukunxila esinokuba nayo ekhaya, ukuba isigulane awehlelwa kakhulu. Ndakuva Ityhefu etsolo kufuneka azalise umthamo engamanzi ubambe ubuthi. Ukulungiselela le njongo kufuneka basele amanzi amaninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka okanye ezomlomo izisombululo ( "Regidron" ukulungiselela). Kufuneka kwakhona ukunika isiguli amacwecwe ezimbalwa wamalahle yasebenza.

unyango olulodwa ethyl ityhefu utywala

izigulane ezibhedlele efunekayo xa kukho ityhefu kakhulu nge ethyl utywala. uncedo lokuqala kufuneka kunikwa ngoko nangoko. Xa isigulane esibhedlele administered yegazi izisombululo saline, iswekile kunye neevithamini. Ngophuhliso iingxaki zifuna unyango ekhethekileyo isebe zentliziyo, yeenkqubo zengqondo kunye labagula kakhulu.