Uhlaselo Rifle AR-15: iimpawu kunye photo

Ingathengwa AR-15 (AR-15) - ikuqhuma semi-oluzenzekelayo woveliso yaseMelika. It is a owayeyinzala izixhobo ezifana njenge AR-10 no M-16. Iinkcukacha kweli nqaku.

A incinane

Ihlabathi-edumileyo M-16 umpu iye uthandwa kangaka nje umpu Kalashnikov. Ngelo xesha, kule bamashumi ngamahlanu kwi West, kwagqitywa ekubeni bafudukele bodidi elincinci (ukusuka 7,62 ukuya 5.56). Ke Yudzhin Stouner ukuba isekelwe AR-10 yabo 7,62, yaye ngowe-1958 wabona ukukhanya lwemveliso entsha esuka kwinkampani Armalite Division, ebizwa ngokuba AR-15. Ukubetha Rifle AR-15 5,56 yaye wakwazi ukuba atyhudise-ntloko yomkhosi eqhelekileyo.

Ngamatshe wacebisa ukusebenzisa aluminiyamu, iplastiki kunye aluminiyamu sothelekiso ababengaphambi zabo ezintsha iye yaba lula kakhulu. Enjalo yaye wajika AR-15 umpu. umthamo Magazine (ngenxa yokuncipha ukuvuleka iCartridge) inyusiwe.

design okungaqhelekanga

Ingathengwa AR-15 (eliboniswe ngezantsi) yenziwa aluminiyamu super-ukukhanya. Design osemqoka i "iliso" ukuthwala izixhobo kwi indlela kwesango. On ibekwe isixhobo ngenxa ukuwina. Ndandisisigculelo ihambelana kunye umphanda.

Phakathi kowe-1958 ziye kuvavanywa, apho ezi mpazamo ziye: a nokuchaneka ephantsi, kwakunye misfires rhoqo.

Ngenxa yoko, kuye kwagqitywa ukuba isampuli ukuba uhlaziyo, kodwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwiziko yoyilo - le-esile nkampani Patent Firearms Manufacturing Company, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, wabaginya ngokupheleleyo Armalite Division wethu ukhankanywe kwixesha elizayo.

Vietnam

Small-ukuvuleka umbayimbayi AR-15 kwi-mali amawaka eekopi zaye zathengwa kwinkampani esile kwaye zithunyelwa eMzantsi Vietnam ngo-1962. Injongo yentengo wayengomnye: abati imodeli entsha kwiimeko real ukulwa.

Hi ndlela leyi, phezu iingalo basebenza ekugqityweni zonke efanayo Yudzhin Stouner, bayishiya le Armalite Division naphezu kwi "abakhwela kumaesile amatsha".

Iziphumo yaba buhlungu gqitha. Kwimeko ye umpu idabi uziphethe finicky kakhulu. wompu inokubalwa baphosa igesi kakhulu xa itshiswe. Nabo ke, kwasekwa ubunzima uthuthu lweziko oqokelela ngaphakathi, kukhokelele imikhono jam egumbini. Kwakufuneka ukubuyisa usebenzisa ramrod. Ngelo xesha, i-Vietnamese abaxhobileyo "Kalash", iingxaki ezinjalo angenamava. A unikezelo periodic Rifle AR-15 kukhokelela komsipha le umphanda nokufa edabini.

Izigqibo kunye nokuphuculwa

Emva kokuba amava embi kwi Vietnam phulo abayili kwakhona imiqathango yokusebenza ezingalweni ezintsha isampula. Umpu AR-15 yaveliswa kunye kumphezulu chrome ngaphandle le bhafu, nelenyuse ukuxhathisa ukuba nomhlwa, wakhethwa njengomnye uhlobo olungumgubo iimbumbulu ukwenziwa, njengoko lubricator umgangatho imipu indawo oyile viscous ngokukodwa ezikhethiweyo iimeko silwe zokusingqongileyo. Ngokukodwa, kuba ukuziphatha umlo kwimozulu lemvula Vietnam.

TTH AR-15

Ngowe-1958 waba isixhobo ukuba bakuzibalela kwi US emiphakathini. isimo ezinjalo ukuba umpu AR-15. Iinkcukacha zezi zilandelayo:

• ubunzima zazisuka kg 2.27 ukuya 3.9 kuxhomekeka kwinani labathengi evenkileni;
• ubude imveliso zafikelela 991 mm;
• apho ubude umphanda waba 508 mm ngaphantsi umgangatho;
• iCartridge 5.56mm okanye Ukuhlelwa .338 usongo NATO;
• rate adubula rifle iye zohlukile rounds 700 ukuya 950 ngomzuzu;
• i Velocity lokuqala bullet - 975 m / s;
• uluhlu olusebenzayo izixhobo - 400-600 eemitha.

XM16E1, okanye ukuvuselelwa M-16

Ngaphezu koko, ezingalweni okuloba USA zonke iintlobo lotshintsho lobeko ukususela ngowe-1963 ukuya 1967. Ekuqaleni le nkampani esile wafumana umyalelo ekuthunyelweni elikhulu M-16 kunye XM16E1 elincinane, ngoko ukusuka XM-app agatywe umbizele amaxwebhu yobugcisa njengendlela ukuvala izikhewu phakathi iisampulu kuyekiswa Andemka okwangoku bamkela entsha.

imodeli entsha XM16E1 zibandakanya iimpawu ezintle zombini i-M-16, kwaye ukusuka AR-15. Ngenxa yoko, ngowe-1967, bawamkela lo umpu model, kodwa phantsi M16A1 ziphawulwe iCartridge abantu abanjalo 5,56.

Ukongeza, ehlabathini lonke yaqala wayifanisa ngobuninzi imveliso izixhobo zisekwe kumfanekiso weqela le ka-Eugene nomxulubi phantsi amagama ahlukeneyo. Enyanisweni, bonke clones ye AR-15.

"I Hammer" umpu. Russia

abathanda lokuzingela Domestic kudala wakhetha ukuba kusetyenziswe ngenxa uyithandayo bakho carbines ezifana "SAIGA", kunye neemodeli Western. Bona zisekelwe AR-15 umpu. Russia ivelisa carbines ngokuba "foar-15", ekwabizwa ngokuba 'I Hammer' imbeko plant lemveliso e Vyatka.

Sixhobo yaphinda yathandwa ngenxa ngendleko ephantsi kuthelekiswa iisampulu okhuphisana '. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba uyilo, ezifana AR-15, unako ukufaka ikhithi umzimba olongezelelweyo.

abayili Domestic abayityhilela iinkcukacha kwi "foar 'Umlinganiselo amazwe kwiinkcukacha zasekhaya, kodwa siyazi ukuba chrome umphanda njengoko ifakelwe yi-esile emva" izilingo Vietnamese. " Kwelinye icala, oku kuhle, kwelinye - hayi nje kunzima ukutshintsha iinkcukacha ezinjalo.

Uvelwano abazingeli isampula bayiqonda ngokusebenzisa imali ngokupheleleyo ngakumbi ubunzima neemodeli kuthelekiswa, ezo zisekelwe Kalashnikov. A kurhwebo lwehlabathi izaliswe yimizekelo umzimba ikhithi kwezixhobo ezisekelwe AR-15.

Ingathengwa AR-15, "Schmeisser". Germany.

Igama elithi "Schmeisser" Abantu abaninzi ukunxulumana umpu submachine MP-40 kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Kodwa lo isixhobo uye imbali yayo kunye ubuqili design.

Nangona kunjalo, i ngcungela isixhobo Hugo Schmeisser izuze isihloko enye abayili ezininzi okhanyayo ngezikrweqe zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Le nkampani ebizwa ngegama lakhe, uvelisa afohlela semi-automatic zimakishwe AR-15 ukulungiselela iinjongo ezemidlalo, kwakunye zokuzingela.

Le nkampani idume yokuba onke macandelo zenziwa kuphela eJamani kunokuba liqinisekiswa iimveliso abadumileyo quality waseJamani. Inkqubo yovavanyo yabucala kukhuthaza intsebenziswano ekhawulezileyo kunye ingozi kumthengi.

Heckler & Goch

inkampani izixhobo Omnye eJamani, ngokusekelwe imveliso leyo ikuqhuma AR-15. Le modeli ephawulwe HK416. Isihloko uyifake utshintsho siseko wokuhambelana NATO nemigangatho yohlobo M-16 no M-14. Uhlaselo ingathengwa iyafana AR-15 yokuzenzisa kuphela. Osebenzayo, lisondele ku uhlobo imodeli G36 waseJamani.

Product eziluncedo ukuqina zezi:

• Okuzenza: inika iinketho ezininzi ikhithi obandayo, nto leyo evumela ukuba alungelelanise isixhobo kuyo nayiphi na imiqathango imfazwe.
• ukuchana High kunye nokuchaneka - ngenxa kwezi zalathisi zingasetyenziswa njenge umpu sompu, eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukufaka emehlweni owawusisibonakude.
• ukubuya Soft - enkosi isakhiwo istokhwe, abolekwe i M-16, yokubamba elula evumela izixhobo bekhululekile "kuhlala" ngesandla.
• ukumelana High umhlwa.

nobubi:

• ukusuka zokuzenzela izinga ngokugqithiseleyo lomlilo (850 rounds ngomzuzu), ngenxa ekhawuleza kakhulu uphelelwe Ammo (leyo enyanzelisa nejoni ukwenza unikezelo wabo omkhulu), ngokukhawuleza overheats, le Ungqabhuko ukudubula nzima - ukuya umboko yokukhupha amanzi ukuya kwicala (ingakumbi ku-iisampuli ezimfutshane).

"Orsis"

Omnye umzekelo izixhobo zasekhaya, olusekelwe phezu kwintshona AR-15 isemi-oluzenzekelayo zokuzingela ORSIS NJE-15.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba i-original ngokwayo Yu.Stouner akazange anikele ingqalelo ngenxa ihlawulwe negesi. Bavalelwa ngaphandle kuphela umngxuma buti. Amanyathelo anjalo yaphuma kwinto yokuba kusekwe wokutshisa propellant kunye jamming kwe emkhonweni egumbini.

Ngenxa yokuba iinkampani ezininzi baye bagqiba ekwenzeni i AR-15, avelise imveliso kunye piston igesi, ngenxa yokuba le ndlela zokususwa iigesi lomgubo inokuthenjwa yaye iindleko-olusebenzayo.

inkampani eMoscow "Promtehnologiya" yaqulunqa carabiner ngokusekelwe enye, usebenzisa 5,56. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba umphanda gun yenziwa yi nkampani ngokwayo, yaye akezi zivela kwamanye amazwe.

Ukongeza, esebenzisa isiqu yokusika ngokwemizuzu ka-203 mm, nto leyo evumela ukusetyenziswa izimiselo iimbumbulu. Uyilo ubonelela ukusetyenziswa komgangatho ngemilinganiselo mihla, buttstock owawusisibonakude, ekuvumela ukuba ukunyenyisa isixhobo isekelwe kwingxam yesi umzingeli.

Arms ubude 870 mm, kwaye ubunzima malunga-4 kg (3.95 ukuba ngqo).

Ngenxa iirholithi Pikattini ukulungiselela awayebhitye yamacebo ulise kwi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo.

uhlaselo clones

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umpu AR-15 iye Kalashnikov imimiselo efanayo. Kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini lonke yavelisa isixhobo, olusekelwe phezu isimiso ukusebenza, omashini abenziwe Eugene ngamatshe:

• E Georgia, inkampani umzuzwana "Delta" yenza umfuziselo ebizwa G5;
• AmaSirayeli uvelisa zokuzenzela semi-oluzenzekelayo zeGilibhowa 14.5 (inkampani Silver Shadow);
• inkampani "esile" yesebe Canada uvelisa besporshnevoy olubizwa Diemaco C7 / C8 - kubonakala ngathi ezakudala okanye ufumane indlela yokujongana imisi ukusuka kwazo kusetyenziswa;
• kwi indlela efanayo ndaya Chinese Norinco Corporation model Norinco CQ 5,56;
• United Arab Emirates ukuvelisa izixhobo, nto leyo wanikwa igama lekati lasendle - Caracal CAR 816;
• nkqu inkampani Korean Daewoo, umenzi imoto odumileyo, na isampuli Daewoo K2 asolwa;
• eRashiya, ukongeza "Orsisa" yaye "foar", zikhona Skat GM-15;
• abayili evela Taiwan akazange ebizwa indalo T65 / T86 yakhe / T91 - akucaci nokuba umpu, okanye itanki, okanye inqwelo-moya;
• Ukraine - imveliso ekuthiwa Zbroyar Z-15;
• apha kwiiPhilippines ukuze wonke ezimbini ingcibi, ngokulandelelana, iisampulu ezimbini - UDMC F5-PVAR kunye Ferfrans ukundiza P;
• IMontenegro - Tara TM4;
• Czech Republic - ULuvo LA-16 ukusuka kwinkampani ULuvo yeSizwe;
• igqibezela le uluhlu lwe eSwitzerland kunye StG4 wabo Astra.

isiphelo

Ibonisa imbali elide, inkqubela zeteknoloji na ukuma. Oku kusebenza kwityala izixhobo. Nyaka ngamnye, oko wasungula iintlobo ezintsha. Enye imveliso kuphazamiseke intsebenzo yazo ngaphezulu. Iimpazamo kuthiwe alungiswe. A icala HIV - iyagqityezelwa ukuze ekugqibeleni wazise isampuli umgangatho ogqibeleleyo unako ukuphumelela zonke iimvavanyo kwaye bamkelwe inkonzo.

Xa Mihail Timofeevich Kalashnikov wasungula inkqubo ukuba isiseko kumgca edumileyo ke oomatshini. Yudzhin Stouner weza nowabo, nayo leyo waba mshini kwaye yabangela uluhlu yokugcina.

Mhlawumbi ngoku ndaweni ithile umntu othile uya kunyuka nge into eyodwa, into emangalisayo ngaphambili. Ngapha koko, inkqubela zeteknoloji na ukuma. A ixesha entsha yenza iiteknoloji ezintsha kwaye yenza iingcamango ezintsha.

Xa inkcubeko ethandwayo okufanayo kule ngxoxo namhla kuqhubeka njengoko oko ayanyuka: AK-74 okanye M-16. Abanye wabeka phambili luluvo oluthi "ikhefu kaloliwe Kalash," abanye eziphendula babethi, "Ewe, kwaye wonke -. Baya kutshona i yenethiwekhi moya" Bambalwa abantu bacinga ukuba i-M-16 nayo abaxabela kaloliwe, nokuba ngaphantsi - ukuba le ngxoxo abunanjongo.

Nje ezimbini genius-class ihlabathi wenza igalelo lakhe angundoqo ukuya kushishino izixhobo, immortalized amagama abo.