Ubonelelo lwamanzi: ekhuselweyo ummandla njengoko na?

Namhlanje, ngaphezulu kunakuqala, kuba umba ekhawulezileyo ebalulekileyo ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo. Njengokuba Heroine bathi omnye ezaziwayo-kakuhle comedy, "umntu kufuneka bathe yindoda." Nature, kakhulu, kufuneka ukuba lokukhuselwa yokusebenza abantu. A indawo ekhethekileyo kwiqela lwezibonelelo zendalo amanzi.

imizimba Amanzi aphantsi kokhuselo ezizodwa

Amanzi sisiseko sobomi bomntu, lokondla umhlaba, izityalo, iziqhamo kunye nembewu; lee ngaphandle kobunyulu akukho eziphilayo emhlabeni. Kungenxa yoko le nto amanzi kunye izinto baphantsi ukhuselo karhulumente, kwaye ngenxa ukuba ukumisela ummiselo ekhethekileyo eqhelekileyo.

kufuneka Ukukhuselwa yonke imithombo kunye namaziko ubonelelo lwamanzi, ubonelelo lwamanzi. zone Ukhuseleko inikwa njengenye siqinisekiso yamanzi aphezu komhlaba acocekileyo kunye komhlaba. Injongo ukhuseleko karhulumente kule ndawo ayikho kuphela uthintelo longcoliseko lwemithombo yamanzi, kodwa ke ulondolozo ekuhlambululeni, umchiza ubume bendalo amanzi, ukhuseleko, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ezindlini nakumashishini.

imithetho ethile

Umthetho ubonelela ukhuselo lwemithombo yamanzi kuwo onke amanqanaba, ukuqala uMgaqonkqubo Amanzi, iprofayili umthetho phezu kwamanzi kunye nendawo ophela okusela ngezenzo zomthetho owayamileyo: Imiyalelo yokusebenzisa amanzi kunye nothungelwano lwemijelo iinkqubo kwi zokuhlala, urhulumente imigaqo yophuhliso lwedolophu 1992 kunye nezinye izenzo isebe yesigqeba.

umthetho Special kule ndawo imimiselo yococeko kunye nemithetho "Zones kweziqinisekiso zococeko ukhuselo lwemithombo yamanzi kunye imibhobho yamanzi aselwayo. SanPin 2.1.4.1110-02", evunywe yi-Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation kaFebruwari 26, 2002

Ukhuselo amanzi kwaye ngokusondeleyo edibene neentlobano mhlaba, kuba amanzi akakwazi lwahlulwe umhlaba kwaye umhlaba ezahlukahlukeneyo kubunzulu. ubonelelo lwamanzi, ummandla buffer enqamleza ecaleni umhlaba isakhiwo, uba yinxalenye yayo: ulwalamano olunjalo kunye ilizwe sisiseko esiqinisekiso namacala kule ndawo, yaye umsebenzi kwamanyathelo uxanduva.

UMthetho Basic libonelela ilungelo ngummi ukuya kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, ekufuneka siqhubeke ngurhulumente.

Yintoni na ke amanzi kwindawo yokhuseleko nococeko

isakhiwo ngasinye kufuneka ziyilwe kwangaphambili. Xa sketching naziphi na izibonelelo - imibhobho, izityalo unyango amdaka, izakhiwo, amakhaya kunye nezinye izakhiwo - kufuneka anike zone yokhuseleko amanzi aphilileyo. Zingaphi meters ke, kuxhomekeke umgangatho womhlaba. Lumkela Zone na umgama iseti eqhelekileyo ukusuka zolwelo ukuya into ekufutshane kunye nesakhiwo yenzelwe ukunika enelanga-epidemiological imibhobho ukwethembeka.

Le projekthi lwemimandla yokhuseleko zococeko ekuvunyelwene ngayo uhlolo Sanitary yaye iquka:

• imimandla umahluko kommandla sanitary;
• uluhlu lwamanyathelo zobunjineli ukuze yolwabiwo;
• Inkcazelo impatho ekhethekileyo band nganye.

Xa imimandla ekhuselweyo yokugcina izinto ezithintelweyo, ukufakelwa kwezixhobo, ukwakhiwa naziphi na izibonelelo, kuquka okwethutyana: naliphi na inyathelo ayide ikwazi kuphela zingcolise amanzi, kodwa ukudala umthwalo owongezelelweyo kwi imboni. lwakhiwo lunokuthi engagunyaziswanga bacinezele ukufikelela simahla nemibutho ukusebenza abo zinyanzelekile ukuba ukuphelisa le ngozi iminatha kunye nokulungiswa ngemibhobho yamanzi.

zone Ukhuseleko emisela ukuba nawuphi na umsebenzi kwezoqoqosho, kuquka ukwakhiwa: iindawo zokuhlala waphula umthetho iiprojekthi imimandla zococeko kuyathintelwa.

Kusekwe ummandla yokhuseleko isniphu waterpipe - nemigangatho yococeko kunye nemithetho.

Belt yokuvikela sanitary

Yonke indawo yokhuseleko yento yahlulwe bands ezininzi:

1. Ibhanti sokuqala kulawulo olungqongqo - isangqa olubandakanya site inani amanzi ngamanzi. Awukwazi yokulahla amanzi amdaka, ukuqubha, amadlelo, ukuloba, marinas zixhobisa, indawo izakhiwo, ukusebenzisa nayiphi isichumiso, walala imibhobho, izimbiwa.
2. Amaxesha sesibini nesesithathu anqabile, yaye ubonwa ngamehlo - ummandla elabelwe phantsi ukhuselo amanzi kunye nemithombo yamanzi. Kwindawo yesibini abavumelekanga ukuba ukubeka zokugcina amafutha, izichumiso kunye nezinye izinto eziyingozi zisisisongelo yongcoliseko kwemichiza; Awukwazi balime ilizwe, uyifince imigxobhozo, yokulihlambela sites inkunkuma.
3. Ummandla wesithathu nayo aluvumelekanga ukugcina inkunkuma eqinileyo, ukuphuhlisa imithombo yezimbiwa, ajike amanzi inkunkuma musa ukuhlangabezana norms zangasese kunye nemithetho.

Yintoni na ububanzi bommandla yokhuseleko amanzi?

Xa amanzi udlula kwiindawo ezingaphuhliswanga, ububanzi unogada band kuxhomekeka kumgangatho womhlaba kwaye ubukhulu yombhobho:

• kumhlaba owomileyo - 10 m kunye ububanzi ukuya ku-1000 mm, kwaye 20 m ngenxa ubungakanani umbhobho omkhulu;
• kwimihlaba ezimanzi - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-50 m.

ubonelelo lwamanzi, ummandla buffer enqamleza kwicandelo sakhiwo, uyakwazi ukuthwala umthwalo lokusingqongileyo kunye nezoshishino. Zothintelo zone umsele kwiindawo eyakhelwe-up ukuze zibhalwe kwisivumelwano kunye imizimba SES.

Ngokusemthethweni lusekiwe ubuncinane yogunyaziso, zibe kuncitshiswa phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko:

• ukusuka iziseko zezakhiwo nezakhiwo - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-5 m;
• iziseko Ukubiya, nezinye izinto, nezibonda - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-3 m;
• ukusuka esikuthintela izitrato - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-2 m;
• ukusuka iibheringi emoyeni imigca amandla - ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-3 m, ngokuxhomekeke kubuchule womnatha.

Ngenxa yoko, kwimimandla yokhuseleko imibhobho kunye idreyini ziyahluka ububanzi kuxhomekeke ezintweni yangaphandle.

Uxanduva ngokwaphula lwemimandla zokhuseleko

Kuba ukubekwa zezakhiwo, izinto kunye nezinto kwiinkalo ukhuseleko kwemibhobho yamanzi zinikwe iintlobo kwezohlwayo:

• izinto - ngokohlobo imbuyiselo ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwe zokwakha engagunyaziswanga, yokugcina izinto, izinto, ubutyobo kufutshane kwe-5 m ukuya umgca umbhobho;
• yolawulo - ngokohlobo izohlwayo besaphula iikhowudi yokwakha ngexesha lokwakha, kuquka ukwakhiwa kwezibonelelo ngaphandle iprojekthi evunyiweyo okanye waphula umthetho imimandla yokhuseleko;
• mthetho - ngokohlobo entolongweni ngenxa ndichopha kumhlaba ome kwindawo imimandla wokhuseleko sanitary.

iindawo zokhuseleko - isiqinisekiso ukukhusela amanzi ungcoliseko. Ukuhambelana inyanzelekile kubo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwezentlalo nezoqoqosho, kungekhona esidlangalaleni kuphela kodwa ngasese.