Silicon intlambo

Iinkampani eliphezulu-zobugcisa kakhulu nempumelelo ehlabathini aye behlangene le San Francisco, California, kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi "Silicon Valley". Kukho eStanford University, luyaqala izifundo zakhe elektroniki ngoovulindlela Lee de Forest, leyo bahlanganisana izazinzulu ezininzi ehlabathini lonke.

Ngoku sele malunga namawaka asibhozo abantu Valley. Kuye waba ngokoqobo ekhaya amakhulu beenkampani iqhosha US ngokukodwa kuphuhliso lolwazi mihla kunye nobugcisa elektroniki. Kuphuhliso nyanga zonke imali umlinganiselo zeerandi billion ezilishumi. iingcamango ezintsha kuvela lonke ixesha, amaphulo amatsha (ebizwa start-apami), apho iinqobo mali. Ngoko nangoko baqala Google kunye Apple, zeziphi iiprojekthi kuqala yakhiwe ngokoqobo egaraji.

wabonakala Bulelani ukuvelisa izixhobo elektroniki semiconductor-yasekwa apha Igama "Silicon (okanye lenyengane) Valley". Kuba ixesha lokuqala eli gama lisetyenziswa yi intatheli D. Hofler ngo-1971. Technopark iphumeze ingcamango, emva koko ilizwi yaba igama elisemthethweni.

In Russia badla ukusebenzisa igama elithi "Silicon Valley" njengoko inguqulelo oluchanekileyo "lesilicon" libhekisela "lesilicon". Igama elithi "abicah" nenkcubeko "abicah", enkosi eyaqala lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela i Technopark. Nangona ukuchaneka elisesikweni uhlobo lokuqala, igama yokugqibela yi mhlawumbi kuxhaphake kakhulu.

Silicon Valley akanayo imida zezolawulo (zingaphawulwa kwi iimephu). benchmarks obala ebonisa nommandla wayo, akukho Kwakhona akukho. Yinto ifana indawo yonke yezoqoqosho San Francisco ukuya San Jose. Valley Center - Stanford University, apho yokuqeshisa nommandla wayo enkulu.

Injongo ibeke yengqeshiso ixesha elide, nto leyo ukuthanda kwakhe kuchaziwe Leland Stanford, kwaba ukudala iziko eliphezulu-zobugcisa, nto leyo kuquka iinkampani, wayesebenzisana eyunivesithi. Ngaloo ndlela, waqalisa ukuba imilo, Stanford Research Institute, apho kwakufuneka ukuxhasa uqoqosho mmandla ngo-1946.

Ngowe-1951 waqala ukwakha i ipaki ebizwa "Stanford Industrial Park." Yaba into yokuqala lujoliswe ngokupheleleyo kwi technology. Lokuqala IT-inkampani, eyavuma Valley Silicon, waba Hewlett-Packard. Ukutsala izazinzulu abatsha abanetalente baqala ukwenza iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ukunika kuzo ngenkxaso-mali.

Namhlanje Silicon Valley na amaziko ephakamileyo zobugcisa inkulu US, yaye ngokutsho kwezinye - nakwihlabathi jikelele. Ofisi iinkampani sikhulu kakhulu anempembelelo ukuvelisa elektroniki kunye software, afumaneka apha. ezintathu ikhulu lamawaka abaqeqeshiweyo ababandakanyekayo kulo msebenzi.

US Silicon Valley - yiyo kuphela iprojekithi eloluhlobo yayo. Le nkulumo yavletsya kuyahambisana, ebonisa ummandla omkhulu-zobugcisa. Kwamanye amazwe, ingakumbi eRashiya, yaye umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ukudala analogu lwe Valley (Skolkovo).